– ANGLES –

angles. The angles labeled 1 and 3 are vertical angles, as are the angles labeled 5 and 7. All four of these angles are
congruent. Notice how these congruent angles alternate back and forth across the transversal as you look down
the transversal. These vertical angles are alternating angles. Angles 1, 3, 5, and 7 are all alternating, and therefore,
congruent. In the same way, angles 2, 4, 6, and 8 are all alternating, and they are all congruent.
Angles 1 and 2 are not alternating, but they do form a line. These two angles are supplementary. Every odd-
numbered angle is congruent to every other odd-numbered angle, and every odd-numbered angle is supple-
mentary, and adjacent, to every even-numbered angle. In the same way, every even-numbered angle is congruent
to every other even-numbered angle, and every even-numbered angle is supplementary, and adjacent, to every odd-
numbered angle.

 Practice

Use the diagram below to answer questions 1–5. The diagram is not to scale.

3. If the measure of angle 4 is 6x + 20 and the meas-

ure of angle 7 is 10x – 40, what is the measure of
1 2 angle 6?
4 3
a. 60°
b. 70°
c. 110°
5 6 d. 116°
8 7 e. 120°

4. Which of the following is NOT true if the

1. If the measure of angle 2 is equal to 12x + 10 measure of angle 3 is 90°?
and the measure of angle 8 is equal to 7x – 1, a. Angles 1 and 2 are complementary.
what is the measure of angle 2? b. Angles 3 and 6 are supplementary.
a. 9° c. Angles 5 and 7 are adjacent.
b. 62° d. Angles 5 and 7 are congruent.
c. 108° e. Angles 4 and 8 are supplementary and
d. 118° congruent.
e. cannot be determined
5. If the measure of angle 2 is 8x + 10 and the
measure of angle 6 is x2 – 38, what is the measure
2. If the measure of angle 5 is five times the measure of angle 8?
of angle 6, what is the measure of angle 5? a. 42°
a. 30° b. 74°
b. 36° c. 84°
c. 120° d. 108°
d. 130° e. 138°
e. 150°

65
 – ANGLES –

Use the diagram below to answer questions 6–10. Lines 8. If the measure of angle 3 is 2x + 2 and the meas-
AE, BF, GD, and ray OC all intersect at point O (not ure of angle 4 is 5x – 10, what is the measure of
labeled), and line AE is perpendicular to ray OC. angle 7?
a. 14°
A b. 30°
c. 60°
d. 90°
G B e. 115°
7 1
6 2 9. If angle 1 measures 62° and angle 4 measures 57°,
C
3
5 4 what is the measure of angle 6?
a. 33°
F D
b. 61°
c. 72°
E d. 95°
e. 119°
6. Which of the following pairs of angles are
complementary? 10. If the measure of angle 3 is 5x + 3 and the meas-
a. angles 1 and 2 ure of angle 4 is 15x + 7, what is the sum of
b. angles 2 and 3 angles 5 and 6?
c. angles 1 and 4 a. 67°
d. angles 1, 2, and 3 b. 113°
e. angles 1, 6, and 7 c. 134°
d. 157°
7. Which of the following number sentences is e. cannot be determined
NOT true?
a. angle 1 + angle 2 = angle 3 + angle 4
b. angle 1 + angle 2 + angle 3 + angle 7 =
angle 4 + angle 5 + angle 6
c. angle 2 + angle 3 = angle 6
d. angle 1 + angle 7 = angle 2 + angle 3
e. angle 2 + angle 3 + angle 4 + angle 5 = 180

66
 – ANGLES –

Use the diagram below to answer questions 11–15. 13. If the measure of angle GKI is 15x – 4 and the
Lines EF and GH are parallel to each other and line measure of angle CIF is x2, what is the measure
IJ is perpendicular to lines EF and GH. of angle EIC?
a. 64°
A C b. 116°
c. 120°
I d. 124°
E F e. 144°

G H 14. If angles LIF and EIK are congruent, and

J
the measure of angle LIF is 6 greater than the
D B measure of angle JIL, what is the measure of
angle KIJ?
a. 42°
11. Which of the following pairs of angles must
b. 48°
be congruent?
c. 54°
a. angles AIC and KIL
d. 87°
b. angles KIJ and JIL
e. 90°
c. angles AIE and JIL
d. angles AIF and KIF
15. If angle JLB is three and a half times the size of
e. angles ILH and IKG
angle LIF, what is the measure of angle EIL?
a. 120°
12. If the measure of angle JLI is 8x – 4 and the b. 125°
measure of angle JIL is 5x + 3, what is c. 130°
the measure of angle AIE? d. 135°
a. 14° e. 140°
b. 38°
c. 48°
d. 52°
e. 128°

67
 – ANGLES –

Use the diagram below to answer questions 16–20. 18. If the sum of angles 2 and 3 is x2 and the sum of
Lines CD and GH are perpendicular to each other, and angles 6 and 7 is 10x, what is the sum of angles 4
every line goes through point O (not labeled). Every and 5?
angle is greater than 0°. a. 80°
b. 88°
C c. 90°
A E d. 98°
e. 100°

2 3 19. If the measure of angle 1 is 3x + 5 and the

1 4
G H measure of angle 6 is 5x – 3, what is the measure
8 5
7 6 of angle 2?
a. 17°
b. 38°
F B
c. 52°
D d. 73°
e. cannot be determined

16. If lines EF and AB are perpendicular, the measure 20. If angle 4 is congruent to angle 7, which of the
of angle 4 is 11x, and the measure of angle 1 is following is NOT true?
7x, what is the measure of angle 4? a. angle 4 = angle 3
a. 8° b. angle 2 = angle 3
b. 35° c. angle 3 = angle 8
c. 44° d. angle 7 = angle 3
d. 45° e. angle 7 = angle 8
e. 55°

17. Which of the following number sentences is true?

a. angle 2 + angle 3 + angle 4 = angle 5 + angle 6
+ angle 7
b. angle 3 + angle 4 = angle 6 + angle 7
c. angle 1 + angle 2 + angle 3 = angle 2 + angle 3
+ angle 4
d. angle 2 + angle 6 = angle 3 + angle 7
e. angle 4 + angle 5 + angle 6 = angle 1 + angle 2
+ angle 8

68
 – ANGLES –

Use the diagram below to answer questions 21–25. 23. Which of the following must be true?
Lines EF and GH are parallel to each other, lines CD and a. angle 13 + angle 14 = angle 13 + angle 15
IJ are parallel to each other, and line AB is perpendi- b. angle 16 + angle 10 = angle 11 + angle 15
cular to lines EF and GH. Every numbered angle is c. angle 1 + angle 8 = angle 19 + angle 15 +
greater than 0°. angle 20
d. angle 8 + angle 9 = 180
A C I e. angle 14 + angle 15 + angle 16 = 180

24. If angle 5 = 8x – 4 and angle 22 = 7x + 11, what is

1 2 3 4 5 6
E 7 8 9 10 11 12
F the measure of angle 16?
14 a. 92°
13 15 16 17
G 18 20 21 22
H b. 95°
19 c. 100°
D B J
d. 116°
e. 124°

21. If the sum of the measures of angles 8 and 9 is 25. If the sum of the measures of angles 20 and 14
133°, what is the measure of angle 3? is 15x + 6, and the sum of the measures of angles
a. 43° 20 and 15 is 18x, what is the measure of angle 19?
b. 47° a. 18°
c. 90° b. 36°
d. 133° c. 45°
e. 137° d. 54°
e. 90°
22. If the sum of the measures of angles 21 and 5 is
x2 + 11 and the measure of angle 3 is 9x + 1,
what is the measure of angle 10?
a. 24°
b. 62°
c. 100°
d. 118°
e. 156°

69
 – TRIANGLES –

3. The measure of an angle exterior to angle F of tri- Use the diagram below to answer questions 6–9. The
angle DEF measures 16x + 12. If angle F measures diagram is not to scale, and every angle is greater
8x, what is the measure of angle F? than 0°.
a. 7°
b. 49°
c. 56° A
4
d. 102°
e. 124° 1

4. If the measures of angles A and B of triangle

ABC are each 2x + 5 and the measure of angle
C is 3x – 5, what is the measure of angle exterior 5 2 3 6
to angle A? B C
a. 25°
b. 55°
c. 70° 6. Which of the following number sentences is
d. 110° NOT true?
e. 125° a. angle 1 + angle 2 = angle 5
b. angle 4 + angle 1 = angle 3 + angle 6
5. The measure of an angle exterior to angle F c. angle 3 + angle 2 = angle 4
of triangle DEF measures 120°. Which of the d. angle 1 + angle 2 + angle 3 = 180
following must be true? e. angle 4 + angle 5 + angle 6 = 360
a. Triangle DEF is obtuse.
b. Triangle DEF is acute. 7. If angle 6 measures 115° and angle 2 measures
c. Triangle DEF is equilateral. 75°, what is the measure of angle 4?
d. Triangle DEF is scalene. a. 75°
e. Triangle DEF is not isosceles. b. 105°
c. 115°
d. 140°
e. 190°

74
 – TRIANGLES –

8. If angle 4 measures 7x + 2, angle 5 measures 8x, 11. If the length of 

AB is 90, the length of 
DE is 60,
and angle 6 measures 8x – 10, what is the meas- 
and the length of AC is 72, what is the length
ure of angle 1? of DF ?
a. 52° a. 30
b. 62° b. 36
c. 66° c. 42
d. 114° d. 48
e. 118° e. 108

9. If the measure of angle 1 is x2 + 1, the measure of 12. Every side of triangle DEF is greater than 3. If
angle 2 is 9x – 7, and the measure of angle 3 is the length of 
AB is 10x – 2, the length of 
AC is
6x + 2, which of the following is true? 6x, the length of 
DE is 2x + 2, and the length
a. Triangle ABC is isosceles.  is x + 2, what is the length of DF
of DF ?
b. Triangle ABC is obtuse. a. 3
c. Triangle ABC is equilateral. b. 4
d. Triangle ABC is scalene. c. 6
e. Triangle ABC is right. d. 10
e. 12
10. If the measure of angle F in triangle DEF is half
the sum of the measures of angles D and E, what 13. If the length of 
BC is x and the length of EF is
1
is the measure of an angle exterior to F? x, which of the following is NOT true?
5
a. 30° a. The length of AB is 5 times the length of DE .
b. 60° b. The measure of angle A is five times the meas-
c. 90° ure of angle D.
c. The length of DF is 5 the length of 
1
d. 120° AC .
e. cannot be determined d. Angle B is congruent to angle E.
e. The sum of the sides of triangle ABC is five
Use the diagram below to answer questions 11–13. times the sum of the sides of triangle DEF.
Triangles ABC and DEF are similar. The diagram is
not to scale, and every angle is greater than 0°. 14. Triangles JKL and MNO are congruent and equi-
lateral. If side JK measures 6x + 3 and side MN
A measures x2 – 4, what is the length of side NO?
a. 7
b. 42
D
c. 45
d. 60
e. cannot be determined
B C E F

75
 – TRIANGLES –

15. Triangles GHI and PQR are similar and isosceles. 18. The measure of angle 5 is 10x + 2, the measure of
If side HG of triangle GHI is congruent to side angle 11 is 4x – 4, and the measure of angle 13 is
PQ, its corresponding side in triangle PQR, 7x – 6. What is the sum of angles 10 and 7?
which of the following must be true? a. 44°
a. Side GI is congruent to its corresponding side. b. 58°
b. Angle G is congruent to angle R. c. 102°
c. Angle G is congruent to angle I. d. 122°
d. Side GH is congruent to side PR. e. 136°
e. Angle H is not congruent to angle R.
19. The measure of angle 11 is twice the measure of
Use the diagram below to answer questions 16–20. angle 14, and the measure of angle 8 is 2.5 times
Lines EF and GH are parallel. The diagram is not to the measure of angle 14. What is the measure of
scale, and every angle is greater than 0°. angle 10?
a. 20°
A C b. 40°
c. 60°
1 2 3 4
E 5 6 7 8 F d. 80°
10
e. 100°
9 11
G 12 13 14
H
20. If the triangle formed by lines AB, CD, and GH is
D B an isosceles right triangle, angle 8 is greater than
angle 7, and angle 8 is congruent to angle 5,
16. If angles 6 and 7 are congruent, and the measure of which of the following is NOT true?
angle 13 is 94°, what is the measure of angle 8? a. angle 2 = angle 9 + angle 12
a. 43° b. angle 13 = 90°
b. 86° c. Angles 11 and 14 are complementary.
c. 94° d. angle 1 = angle 4
d. 137° e. angle 3 = angle 12 + angle 13
e. 147°

17. If angle 3 measures 10x + 15, angle 10 measures

8x – 3, and angle 6 measures 3x + 7, what is the
measure of angle 7?
a. 40°
b. 55°
c. 65°
d. 85°
e. 125°

76
 – RIGHT TRIANGLES –

3. If the lengths of the bases of right triangle GHI 7. The hypotenuse of an isosceles right triangle
are 9 units and 15 units respectively, what is measures x units. What is the length of a base of
length of the hypotenuse of triangle GHI? the triangle?
x2
a. 62 units a.  units
2
b. 334  units x
 units
b. 2
c. 934  units 1
c. x units
d. 18 units 2

e. 30 units d. x2 units

e. x2 units
4. If the longer base of triangle XYZ is three times
the length of the shorter base, a, what is the length 8. Angle Q of triangle PQR is a right angle, and side
of the hypotenuse in terms of the shorter base? QR measures 4 units. If the sine of angle P is equal
a. a2 to the sine of angle R, what is the length of side PR?
b. a3 a.
2
 units
4
c. a10 
2
d. 3a b. 
2
units
e. a2 c. 22 units
d. 42 units
5. Which of the following triangles is a multiple
of the triangle with sides measuring x, x – 5, and e. cannot be determined
x + 5, when x is greater than 0?
a. a triangle with sides measuring 1, 2, and 3 Use the diagram below to answer questions 9–10. Line
b. a triangle with sides measuring 3, 4, and 5 AB is parallel to line CD, and line GH is perpendicular
c. a triangle with sides measuring 1, 5, and 10 to lines AB and CD. The diagram is not to scale.
d. a triangle with sides measuring 5, 10, and 15
e. a triangle with sides measuring 5, 10, and 20 G
E

6. Angle T of right triangle TUV measures 45°. If

I
base TU measures 10 units, what is the length of A B
the hypotenuse of triangle TUV?
J K
a. 2 units C D
b. 102 units
c. 202 units H F
d. 452 units
e. 100 units
9. If line segment JK is 16 units long, what is the
length of line segment IK?
a. 4 units
b. 42 units
c. 82 units
d. 162 units
e. cannot be determined

80
 – RIGHT TRIANGLES –

10. If line CD is 25 units from line AB, and the 13. If the hypotenuse of triangle ABC is 6x + 2 units
measure of angle IKD is 135°, what is the length long, what is the length of side AB?
of line segment IK? a. 6x + 2 units
a. 5 units b. 3x + 1 units
c. (3x + 1)3 units
b. 52 units
252 d. (6x + 2)2 units
c.  units
2 e. 12x + 4 units
d. 252 units
e. cannot be determined 14. If the sum of sides BC and AC is 12 units, what is
the length of side AB?
11. Given right triangle ABC with right angle B, a. 23 units
angle A is twice the size of angle C. If the meas- b. 4 units
ure of side AB is 7 units, what is the measure of c. 43 units
side AC? d. 8 units
a. 72 units e. 123 units
b. 73 units
c. 7 units 15. Triangle ABC is an equilateral triangle and tri-
d. 14 units angle CDE is a right triangle. If the length of side
e. 14 units AE is 20 units, what is the length of side BD?

Use the diagram below to answer questions 12–14. A

Angle C measures 60°. The diagram is not to scale.
8
A
C D
B

E
a. 12 units
B C
b. 14 units
c. 16 units
12. If the length of side AB is 9 cm, what is the length d. 18 units
of side BC? e. 20 units
3
a.  units
3
b. 3 units
c. 4.5 units
d. 33 units
e. 93 units

81
 – RIGHT TRIANGLES –

x
16. If angle B of isosceles triangle ABC is a right 18. If the cosine of angle C is y, triangle ABC is not
angle, what is the tangent of angle A? isosceles, and x does not equal y, which of the
x
a. 0 following is also equal to y?
1 a. sine of angle A
b. 2
b. sine of angle C
c. 1
c. cosine of angle A
3
d. 
3 d. tangent of angle A
e. cannot be determined e. 2

15
Use the diagram below to answer questions 17–20. The 19. If the sine of angle A is 17 , what is the cosine of
diagram is not to scale. angle A?
8
a. 
17
A
8
b. 
15
12
c. 
17
17
d. 
15
15
e. 
8

B C 20. If the tangent of angle A is 0.75 and the measure

of side AB is 4 less than the measure of side AC,
17. If line AB measures 3x – 6, line BC measures x2 – 2x, what is the length of side BC?
and line AC measures 2x + 2, what is the tangent of a. 3 units
angle A? b. 4 units
a.
x
 c. 6 units
3
3 d. 8 units
b. 
x e. 12 units
3x – 6
c. 
2x + 2
(x2 – 2x)
d. 
(2x + 2)
2x + 2
e. 
3x – 6

82
 – RIGHT TRIANGLES –

Use the diagram below to answer questions 21–25. 23. If the tangent of angle JIK is 3, then
Line EF is parallel to line GH, and line JL is perpendi- a. side LK is 3 times the length of side LM.
cular to lines EF and GH. The diagram is not to scale. b. side IJ is 3 times the length of side JK.
2
c. the sine of triangle JIK is 2 .
A d. the length of side IK is twice the length of
side JK.
J
E F e. the length of side IJ is equal to the length
I K of side JK.
M
G H
L
24. If angle KMH is three times the size of angle
B KML and the length of side JK is x6 units, what
is the length of side IK?
21. If the length of side KM is 10 units and the a. x2 units
length of side LM is 5 units, what is the measure b. 2x3 units
of angle KIJ? c. 3x units
a. 0.5° d. 3x2 units
b. 30° e. 2x6 units
c. 45°
d. 50° 25. If the length of side IJ is 2x – 2, the length of
e. 60° side IK is 2x + 1, the length of side KM is 3x – 1,
and the length of side LM is 2x + 2, what is the
22. If the length of side LM is 8 units and the sum of length of side LM?
angles IKJ and LKM is 60°, what is the length a. 9 units
of side KM? b. 12 units
163

c. 15 units
a. 3 units
d. 16 units
b. 82 units
e. 20 units
c. 83 units
d. 16 units
e. 163 units

83
 – POLYGONS –

 Practice

1. Heather draws two regular pentagons. Which of 5. The sum of the interior angles of a polygon is 9x2.
the following is NOT always true? If x is 3 greater than the number of sides of the
a. The two regular pentagons are similar. polygon, how many sides does the polygon have?
b. The two regular pentagons are congruent. a. 6 sides
c. The sum of the interior angles of each penta- b. 7 sides
gon is 540°. c. 10 sides
d. The sum of the exterior angles of each penta- d. 12 sides
gon is 360°. e. 13 sides
e. Each side of each pentagon is congruent to
every other side of that pentagon. 6. Pentagons ABCDE and FGHIJ are similar. The
ratio of each side of pentagon ABCDE to its cor-
2. The sum of the interior angles of a polygon is responding side of pentagon FGHIJ is 4:1. If 
AB
equal to three times the sum of its exterior angles. 
and FG are corresponding sides, and the length
How many sides does the polygon have? of 
AB is 4x + 4, what is the length of 
FG ?
a. 6 sides a. x + 1
b. 8 sides b. 2x + 2
c. 10 sides c. 4x + 4
d. 12 sides d. 16x + 16
e. cannot be determined e. 20x + 20

3. Andrea draws a polygon with x number of sides. 7. Quadrilaterals ABCD and EFGH are similar. If
The sum of the interior angles of her polygon is the perimeter of quadrilateral ABCD is equal to
60 times its number of sides. How many 4y2, what is the perimeter of quadrilateral EFGH?
sides does Andrea’s polygon have? a. y2
a. 3 sides b. 2y
b. 4 sides c. 4y2
c. 5 sides d. 16y4
d. 6 sides e. cannot be determined
e. 10 sides
8. If the ratio of the perimeter of octagon ABCDE-
4. If the sum of the interior angles of a polygon is FGH to the perimeter of octagon STUVWXYZ is
equal to the sum of the exterior angles, which of 1:1, which of the following must be true?
the following statements must be true? a. The two octagons are regular octagons.
a. The polygon is a regular polygon. b. The ratio of  AB to  ST is 1:1.
b. The polygon has 2 sides. c. At least one side of octagon ABCDEFGH is equal
c. The polygon has 4 sides. to at least one side of octagon STUVWXYZ.
d. The polygon has 6 sides. d. The sums of the interior angles of each
e. It is impossible for these sums to be equal. octagon are equal.
e. The two octagons are similar, but not
necessarily congruent.

87
 – POLYGONS –

9. Polygon ABCDEF is similar to polygon GHIJKL. 12. The perimeter of a regular seven-sided polygon
If side AB is 12x + 6x and side GH is 8x + 4x, is 11x – 4. If x = 8, what is the length of one side
and these sides are corresponding sides, what is of the polygon?
the ratio of the perimeter of polygon GHIJKL to a. 8 units
the perimeter of polygon ABCDEF? b. 12 units
a. 1:3 c. 13 units
b. 2:1 d. 15 units
c. 2:3 e. 56 units
d. 3:1
e. 3:2 13. The ratio of the lengths of a side of regular
pentagon ABCDE to the length of a side of regu-
10. Regular polygon ABCDE is similar to regular lar hexagon PQRSTU is 5:6. If the perimeter of
polygon TUVWX. Side AB is 5x – 1, and side pentagon ABCDE is 75 units, what is the perime-
TU is 4x – 2. These sides are corresponding ter of hexagon PQRSTU?
sides. If the ratio of the perimeter of polygon a. 15 units
ABCDE to the perimeter of polygon TUVWX b. 18 units
is 4:3, what is the perimeter of polygon ABCDE? c. 36 units
a. 20 units d. 90 units
b. 24 units e. 108 units
c. 54 units
d. 72 units 14. What is the perimeter of an isosceles right
e. 120 units triangle whose hypotenuse is 52 units?
a. 5 units
11. If the perimeter of the figure below is 60 units, b. 15 +2 units
?
what is the length of BC c. 10 + 52 units
d. 152 units
A 2x
B e. 252 units

2x + 2 3x – 2 15. If the sum of the interior angles of a regular

polygon equals 720°, and the length of one
D 3x C side of the polygon is 3x2, what is the perimeter
of the polygon?
a. 6 units
a. 18x2 units
b. 10 units
b. 18x12 units
c. 14 units
c. 24x2 units
d. 16 units
d. 24x12 units
e. 18 units
e. 27x2 units

88
 – QUADRILATERALS –

3. DeDe has four identical line segments. Using 8. The length of a rectangle is four times the length
them, she can form of a square. If the rectangle and the square share a
a. a square or a rhombus, but not a rectangle. side, and the perimeter of the square is 2 m, what
b. a rhombus, but not a parallelogram. is the perimeter of the rectangle?
c. a square or a rectangle, but not a parallelogram. a. 5 units
d. a square, but not a rhombus or a rectangle. b. 6 units
e. a square, rhombus, rectangle, or parallelogram. c. 8 units
d. 10 units
4. The diagonals of rectangle ABCD intersect at E. e. 20 units
Which of the following is NOT always true?
a. angle AEB = angle DEC 9. If the perimeter of a parallelogram ABCD is
b. angle EDC = angle EBA equal to the perimeter of rhombus EFGH
c. angle DAE = angle EDA and the perimeter of square IJKL, then
d. angle DCE = angle ECB a. these three figures must be three congruent
e. angle ECD = angle ABE squares.
b. every side of the rhombus must be congruent
5. Monica draws a quadrilateral whose diagonals to every side of the square.
form four right triangles inside the quadrilateral. c. the parallelogram must also be a rhombus.
This quadrilateral d. the parallelogram must not be a square or
a. must have four congruent angles. a rhombus.
b. must have four congruent sides. e. the rhombus could be a square, but the paral-
c. must have congruent diagonals. lelogram must not be a square.
d. must be a square.
e. all of the above 10. Four squares are joined together to form one
large square. If the perimeter of one of the origi-
6. The length of a rectangle is four less than twice nal squares was 8x units, what is the perimeter of
its width. If x is the width of the rectangle, what the new, larger square?
is the perimeter of the rectangle? a. 16x units
a. 2x2 – 4x b. 20x units
b. 3x – 4 c. 24x units
c. 6x – 4 d. 32x units
d. 6x + 4 e. 64x units
e. 6x – 8
11. What is the perimeter of a square with a diagonal
x2
7. The length of one side of a rhombus is – 6. If measuring 2x2 units?
the perimeter of the rhombus is 168 units, what a. 2x units
is the value of x? b. 4x units
a. 43 c. 4x2 units
b. 7 d. 8x units
c. 8 e. 8x2 units
d. 46
e. 174


91
 – QUADRILATERALS –

12. Diagonal AC of rectangle ABCD creates angle 14. Diagonal AC of rectangle ABCD creates angle
12
ACB, the tangent of which is 8. If the length ACD, the cosine of which is 13 . If the lengths
of side BC is 8 units, what is the perimeter of of the sides of rectangle ABCD are all integers,
rectangle ABCD? which of the following could be the perimeter
a. 18 units of rectangle ABCD?
b. 32 units a. 18 units
c. 64 units b. 25 units
d. 72 units c. 30 units
e. 144 units d. 34 units
e. 50 units
13. If the perimeter of a square is equal to 5x + 1
and the length of the diagonal of the square is 15. Angle A of rhombus ABCD measures 120°. If one
(2x – 2)2, what is the length of a side of side of the rhombus is 10 units, what is the length
the square? of the longer diagonal?
a. 2 units a. 3 units
b. 4 units b. 5 units
c. 8 units c. 53 units
d. 10 units d. 10 units
e. 11 units e. 103 units

92
 – AREA AND VOLUME –

 Practice

1. If the height of a triangle is half its base, b, what  of square ABCD is x units,
5. If the length of AB
is the area of the triangle?  is 2 of AD,
and the length of EF  what is the size
3
1
a. 4b of the shaded area?
1
b. 4b2 A B
1
c. b
2
1 E
d. b2
2

e. b

2. An isosceles right triangle has a hypotenuse of D F C

x6 units. What is the area of the triangle? 1
a. x2 – 2x square units
a. x3 square units
1
3
b. 2x2 square units b. x2 – 3x square units
1
c. 3x square units c. 3x2 square units
d. 3x2 square units 2
d. x2 – 3x square units
e. 9x square units
2
e. 3x2 square units
3. Triangle DEC is inscribed in rectangle ABCD.
If side AB = 30 units, side EC = 17 units, and 6. The area of a rectangle is x2 + 7x + 10 square
side AE = side EB, what is the area of triangle DEC? units. If the length of the rectangle is x + 2 units,
what is the width of the rectangle?
A E B a. x + 2 units
b. x + 4 units
c. x + 5 units
d. 2x + 4 units
D C e. x2 + 6x + 8 units
a. 60 square units
b. 120 square units 7. If the lengths of the sides of a square are halved,
c. 136 square units the area of the new square is
d. 240 square units a. one-fourth the area of the old square.
e. 255 square units b. one-half the area of the old square.
c. equal to the area of the old square.
4. What is the area of an equilateral triangle that d. twice the area of the old square.
has a perimeter of 36 units? e. four times the area of the old square.
a. 363 square units
b. 72 square units
c. 723 square units
d. 108 square units
e. 144 square units

95
 – AREA AND VOLUME –

2
8. The perimeter of a square is 3x – 4 units. If the 12. Terri fills with water 3 of a glass that is 15 cm tall.
area of the square is 25 square units, what is If the radius of the glass is 2 cm, what volume of
the value of x? water is in Terri’s glass?
a. 5 a. 10π cm3
b. 6 b. 20π cm3
c. 7 c. 30π cm3
d. 8 d. 40π cm3
e. 20 e. 60π cm3

9. The length of a rectangle is two less than three 13. The height of cylinder B is three times the height
1
times its width. If the area of the rectangle is of cylinder A, and the radius of cylinder B is 3 the
96 cm2, what is the length of the rectangle? radius of cylinder A. Which of the following
a. 6 cm statements is true?
1
b. 8 cm a. The volume of cylinder B is 9 the volume of
c. 16 cm cylinder A.
1
d. 18 cm b. The volume of cylinder B is 3 the volume of
e. 20 cm cylinder A.
c. The volume of cylinder B is the same as the
10. 
AC is a diagonal of rectangle ABCD below. If volume of cylinder A.
angle ACD is 30° and  AC = 20 units, what is d. The volume of cylinder B is 3 times the volume
the area of rectangle ABCD? of cylinder A.
e. The volume of cylinder B is 9 times the volume
A B of cylinder A.

14. The radius of a cylinder is 2x and the height of

the cylinder is 8x + 2. What is the volume of the
D C
cylinder in terms of x?
a. 50 square units a. (16x2 + 4x)π
b. 503 square units b. (16x3 + 4x2)π
c. 100 square units c. (32x2 + 8x)π
d. 1003 square units d. (32x3 + 8x2)π
e. 200 square units e. (128x3 + 64x2 + 8x)π

11. A cylinder has a volume of 45π in.3. Which of 15. The height of a cylinder is four times the radius
the following could be the radius and height of the cylinder. If the volume of the cylinder is
of the cylinder? 256π cm3, what is the radius of the cylinder?
a. radius = 3 in., height = 5 in. a. 4 cm
b. radius = 3 in., height = 15 in. b. 8 cm
c. radius = 5 in., height = 3 in. c. 16 cm
d. radius = 9 in., height = 5 in. d. 24 cm
e. radius = 9 in., height = 10 in. e. 32 cm

96
 – AREA AND VOLUME –

16. The length of a rectangular solid is twice the sum 20. The length of a rectangular solid is 6 units, and
of the width and height of the rectangular solid. If the height of the solid is 12 units. If the volume
the width is equal to the height and the volume of of the solid is 36 cubic units, what is the width of
the solid is 108 in.3, what is the length of the solid? the solid?
1
a. 3 in. a. 2 units
b. 6 in. b. 2 units
c. 8 in. c. 3 units
d. 9 in. d. 6 units
e. 12 in. e. 12 units

17. The area of one face of a cube is 9x square units. 21. A rectangular solid measures 4 units by 5 units
What is the volume of the cube? by 6 units. What is the surface area of the solid?
a. 27x cubic units a. 60 square units
b. 27x cubic units b. 74 square units
c. 27xx cubic units c. 110 square units
d. 27x2 cubic units d. 120 square units
e. 27x3 cubic units e. 148 square units

18. The volume of rectangular solid A is equal to 22. Danielle’s cube has a volume of 512 in.3. What is
the volume of rectangular solid B. If the length the surface area of her cube?
of solid A is three times the length of solid B, a. 64 in.2
and the height of solid A is twice the height of b. 132 in.2
solid B, then c. 384 in.2
1
a. the width of solid B is 36 the width of solid A. d. 512 in.2
1 e. 3,072 in.2
b. the width of solid B is 6 the width of solid A.
1
c. the width of solid B is 5 the width of solid A.
23. The surface area of a rectangular solid is 192 cm2.
d. the width of solid B is five times the width of If the height of the solid is 4 units and the length
solid A. of the solid is 12 units, what is the width of the
e. the width of solid B is six times the width of solid?
a. 2 units
solid A.
b. 3 units
c. 4 units
19. The volume of Stephanie’s cube is equal to 64x6.
d. 6 units
What is the area of one face of her cube?
e. 12 units
a. 4x2
b. 8x2
c. 8x3
d. 16x4
e. 32x3

97
 – CIRCLES –

 Practice

Use the diagram below to answer questions 1–5. The 3. If the length of 
OD is 6 units and the measure of
diagram is not to scale. angle COB is 100°, what is the length of arc CB?
10
a. 3π units
C b. 12π units
A 50
c. 3π units
d. 600π units
e. 1,200π units
O

4. If the area of the circle is 196π square units, what

B  ?
is the length of CD
49
D a. 90 units
b. 7 units
1. If the length of 
AO is 15 units, what is the cir- c. 14 units
cumference of the circle? d. 28 units
a. 15π units e. 98 units
b. 30 units
c. 30π units  is 8 units and the measure of
5. If the length of OA
d. 225 units angle AOC is 50°, what is the area of sector AOC?
5
e. 225π units a. π square units
18
10
b. π square units
9
2. If the measure of angle AOC is 60°, what is the
32
c. π square units
measure of arc DB? 25
80
a. 30° d. π square units
9
b. 60°
e. 9π square units
c. 120°
d. 300°
e. cannot be determined

101
 – CIRCLES –

Use the diagram below to answer questions 6–9. The 9. If the radius of the circle is 9 units, what is the
diagram is not to scale. length of arc DB?
1
a. 9π units
C b. 1π unit
A
c. 2π units
70° d. 36π units
e. 54π units
80° O 110°
60° 10. Jasmin draws a circle with a radius of 9x2. What
E 40°
is the area of her circle?
B a. (4.5x2)π square units
D b. (3x)π square units
c. (18x2)π square units
6. If the radius of the circle above is 12 units, which d. (27x2)π square units
sector has an area of 24π square units? e. (81x4)π square units
a. sector EOD
b. sector DOB 11. If the circumference of a circle triples, the area of
c. sector BOC the circle becomes
d. sector AOC a. 9 times smaller.
e. sector EOA b. 3 times smaller.
c. 3 times bigger.
7. If the radius of the circle is 15 units, what is the d. 6 times bigger.
area of sector DOB? e. 9 times bigger.
30
a. 9π square units
b. 22.5π square units 12. If the area of a circle is (121x)π square units,
c. 25π square units what is the circumference of the circle?
d. 45π square units a. (11x)π units
e. 225π square units b. (22x)π units
c. (11x)π units
8. If the radius of the circle is 27 units, what is the d. (22x)π units
121
length of arc AE? e. (2x)π units
a. 6π units
b. 12π units 13. If the diameter of a circle is 8x + 6, what is the
c. 27π units area of the circle?
d. 36π units a. (4x + 3)π square units
e. 54π units b. (16x + 12)π square units
c. (16x2 + 9)π square units
d. (16x2 + 24x + 9)π square units
e. (64x2 + 96x + 36)π square units

102
 – CIRCLES –

14. If the diameter of a circle is doubled, the circum- 18. The measure of a central angle is 18°. If the
ference of the new circle is length of its intercepted arc is xπ units, what is
a. one-fourth of the circumference of the the circumference of the circle?
original circle. a.
x
π units
20
b. one-half of the circumference of the x
b. π units
original circle. 18
x
c. the same as the circumference of the c. π units
10
original circle. d. 18xπ square units
d. two times the circumference of the
original circle. e. 20xπ square units
e. four times the circumference of the
original circle. 19. If the measure of angle COB below is 3x, what is
the measure of arc CA?
15. The radius of Carly’s circle is 2x – 7, and the area
B
of her circle is (16x + 9)π. Which of the following C
could be the value of x?
a. 3
O
b. 6
c. 9
d. 10
e. 13
D
A
16. If the area of a circle is (4x2 + 20x + 25)π, what is a. 3x
the diameter of the circle? b. 6x
a. 2x + 5 c. 6xπ
b. 4x + 10 d. 12x
c. (2x + 5)π e. 180 – 3x
d. (4x + 5)π
e. 2x2 + 10x + 12.5 20. If a circle has an area of 12π cm2 and a diameter

AB, what is the length of arc AB?
17. If the central angle of a sector is x° and the radius a. 3π cm
of the circle is x units, then the area of the sector b. 3π cm
is equal to c. 23π cm
x
a. π square units d. 6π cm
360
b. xπ square units e. 43π cm
x
c. (x2 – 
360 )π square units
x2
d. (
360 )π square units
x3
e. (
360 )π square units

103
 – CIRCLES –

21. The circumference of a circle is 16π cm. What 23. If 

OF =  FB , angle D = angle B, the radius of the
is the area of a sector whose central angle circle is 6x and arc EF is 60°, what is the perime-
measures 120°? ter of triangle DOB?
8
a. 3π cm2 a. 12x
16 b. 18x
b. 3π cm2
c. 36x
32
c. π cm2 d. 54x
3

d.
64
π cm2 e. cannot be determined
3
256
e. π cm2
3 Use the diagram below to answer questions 24–25. The
diagram is not to scale.
Use the diagram below to answer questions 22–23. The
diagram is not to scale. A B

A C

O
D C

E F  in square ABCD is x ft., what

24. If the length of BD
is the size of the shaded area?
D B x2
a. (2)π ft.2
3x2
b. (4)π ft.2
22. If angles D and B both equal 70°, what is the 1
c. x2 – 4x2π ft.2
measure of arc AC?
a. 35° d. x2 – π ft.2
π
b. 40° e. x2 – 4 ft.2
c. 50°
d. 70° 25. If the area of the circle is 25π cm2, what is the
e. 110° length of diagonal AD?
a. 52 cm
b. 52π cm
c. 102 cm
d. 10π cm
e. 102π cm

104
 – CIRCLES –

Use the diagram below to answer questions 26–27. Use the diagram below to answer questions 28–30. The
ABCD is a square. The diagram is not to scale. semicircles to the left and right of the center circle are
each exactly half the size of the center circle, and the
three figures are adjacent within rectangle ABCD. The
diagram is not to scale.
A O B
A B

D C
D C
26. If the area of the circle is 8x2π, what is the size of
the shaded area? 28. If the length of 
AB is x units, what is the area of
a. 16x22 – 4x2π the center circle?
b. 32x2 – 4x2π (x2π)
a.  square units
16
c. 16x22 – 4xπ (x2π)
b.  square units
d. 16x22 + 4x2π 4π

e. 32x2 + 4xπ c. x2π square units

d. 2x2π square units
27. If the area of the square is 144 square units, what e. 4x2π square units
is the total area of the figure?
a. 144 – 72π square units 29. If the area of one semicircle is 4.5π square units,
b. 144 – 36π square units what is the area of the rectangle?
c. 144 – 18π square units a. 72 square units
d. 144 + 18π square units b. 108 square units
e. 144 + 36π square units c. 144 square units
d. 162 square units
e. 324 square units

30. If the radius of the circle is 4 units, what is the

size of the shaded area?
a. 72 – 16π square units
b. 128 – 32π square units
c. 128 – 24π square units
d. 128 – 16π square units
e. 112π square units

105
 – COORDINATE GEOMETRY –

3. What is the slope of a line segment with end- 6. What is the midpoint of a line segment with end-
points at (–1,2) and (1,10)? points at (0,–8) and (–8,0)?
a. –4 a. (–8,–8)
1
b. –4 b. (–4,–4)
1
c. 4 c. (–1,–1)
d. 4 d. (4,4)
e. This line has no slope. e. (8,8)

Use the diagram below to answer questions 4–5. 7. What is the midpoint of a line segment with end-
points at (6,–4) and (15,8)?
a. (9,4)
b. (9,12)
C c. (10.5,2)
d. (12,2)
e. (12,9)
A
8. The endpoints of a line segment are (0,–4) and
(0,4). What is the midpoint of this line?
B
a. (0,0)
D b. (0,–2)
c. (0,2)
d. (–4,4)
e. This line has no midpoint.
4. What is the slope of line segment AB?
1 Use the diagram below to answer questions 9–10.
a. –2
b. –1
c. –2
d. –5
e. –10 C

B
5. What is the slope of line segment CD?
1
a. 5
b. 1
c. 3 A
d. 5
D
e. 15

110
 – COORDINATE GEOMETRY –

9. What is the midpoint of line segment AB? Use the diagram below to answer questions 14–15.
a. (1.5,–1)
b. (0,2)
c. (4,0)
d. (2,–1)
e. (4,–2) C

B
10. What is the midpoint of line segment CD?
a. (1,0)
b. (1,–3) A
c. (2,0)
d. (2,–1) D
e. (4,6)

11. What is the distance from the point (–6,2) to the

point (2,17)?
14. What is the distance from the point A to point B?
a. 341 units
a. 213 units
b. 229
 units
b. 10 units
c. 17 units
c. 102 units
d. 365
 units
d. 258 units
e. 517 units
e. 20 units

12. What is the distance from the point (0,–4) to the

15. What is the distance from the point C to point D?
point (4,4)?
a. 8 units
a. 52 units
b. 10 units
b. 4 units
c. 237 units
c. 42 units
d. 413 units
d. 43 units
e. 163 units
e. 45 units
16. What is the slope of the line given by the
13. What is the distance from the point (3,8) to the
equation 5y = –3x + 6?
point (7,–6)?
a. 25 units a. –3
5
b. 247 units b. –3
c. 251 units 3
c. –5
d. 253 units 6
e. 274 units d. 5
e. 5

111
 – COORDINATE GEOMETRY –

17. Which of the following lines is parallel to the line 22. Two perpendicular lines intersect at the point
given by the equation y = –2x + 4? (1,5). If the slope of one line is 3, what is the
a. y = –2x – 4 equation of the other line?
1
a. y = –3x + 8
b. y = –2x + 4 1
b. y = –3x + 2
1
c. y = –2x – 4 1 16
c. y = –3x + 3
1
d. y = x + 4 1 14
2 d. y = 3x + 3
e. y = 2x – 4 e. y = 3x + 2

18. Which of the following lines is perpendicular to 23. What is the midpoint of a line with endpoints at
1
the line given by the equation y = –6x + 8? (2x + 3,y – 4) and (10x – 1,3y + 6)?
a. y = –6x – 8 a. (x + 1,y + 1)
3 3 5 5
b. y = –6x + 8 b. (2x + 2,2y – 2)
1
c. y = –6x – 8 c. (6x + 1,2y + 1)
1
d. y = 6x – 8 d. (8x – 4,2y + 10)
e. y = 6x + 8 e. (12x + 2,4y + 2)

19. Which of the following lines is parallel to the line 24. Which of the following is the product of the
given by the equation 4y = 6x – 6? slopes of perpendicular lines?
3 a. –1
a. y = –2x + 6
1
2 b. –2
b. y = –3x + 6
2 c. 0
c. y = 3x + 6 1
d. 2
3
d. y = 2x + 3 e. 1
e. y = 2x – 10
25. Line A is perpendicular to line B. If the slope
20. Which of the following lines is perpendicular to of line A is multiplied by 4, what must the
the line given by the equation –2y = –8x + 10? slope of line B be multiplied by in order for
a. y = –4x – 5 the lines to still be perpendicular?
1 a. –4
b. y = –4x + 5
1 1
c. y = 4x – 5 b. –4
1 1
d. y = 8x + 5 c. –16
1
e. y = 4x – 5 d. 4
e. 4
21. What is the distance from the point (–x,y) to the
point (x,–y)?
a. (x + y) units
b. (x + y) units
c. (x2 + y2) units
d. (x 2 + y2) units
e. 2(x 2 + y2) units
112
 – POSTTEST –

(x2 + 4x – 12)
1. The expression  
(x2 – 8x + 12) is equivalent to 3. Which of the following statements is true of the
1 graph below?
a. 
2
b. x – 2
1 y
c. –4x
x+2
d.  
x–2
x+6 4
e. 
x–6 3
2
1 x
2. In the diagram below, if the radius of the circle is
25 units, what is the length of arc AB? –4 –3 –2 –1 – 11 2 3 4
–2
A –3
–4

72° a. The graphed equation is not a function.

O B
b. There are at least eight different values for
which f(x) = 1.
c. There are no values greater than 4 in the
domain of the function.
2
a. 5π d. The range of the function contains no values
b. 5π between –2 and 1.
c. 10π e. There are eight y-intercepts for the equation.
d. 50π
e. 250π 4. What is the midpoint of a line segment with end-
points at (–1,4) and (13,12)?
a. (5.5,4.5)
b. (6,8)
c. (7,4)
d. (7,8)
e. (12,16)

117
 – POSTTEST –

x
5. Given yz = a, if x is doubled, then for the value of 9. If the circle inscribed in square ABCD has a
a to remain the same, radius of r, what is the size of the shaded
a. the value of y must be halved and the value of area in terms of r?
z must be halved.
b. either the value of y must be halved, or, the A B
value of z must be halved.
c. the value of y must be doubled and the value
of z must be doubled.
d. either the value of y must be doubled or the
value of z must be doubled.
D C
e. the value of y must be doubled and the value
of z must be halved. a. r2 – πr2
b. 2r – πr2
6. Which of the following is equivalent to r πr2
c.  – 4
2
a1a–2a3b–1b2b–3? πr2
d. r2 – 4
a. 1 (r2 – πr2)
e. 
b. ab 4

c. a2b2
a 10. Based on the diagram, if lines L and M are
d. b
(a2) parallel, which of the following equations
e.  
(b2)
is NOT necessarily true?
5 4a
7. If a + 3 =  
a – 2 , what are the values of a?
a. a = –1, a = 10 b
b. a = 1, a = –10 a c
L
e
c. a = 2, a = –5
d. a = –2, a = 5 d f
M
e. a = –5, a = 0
a. a + b + c = d + e + f
8. Which of the following points is in the solution b. a + c = 180 – e
set of 4y + 6 > 3x + 15? c. a + e + c = 180
a. (0,–4) d. b + c = e + f
b. (3,4) e. a + b + c + d + e + f = 360
c. (4,3)
d. (4,6)
e. (5,6)

118
 – POSTTEST –

(12x4 + 21x3 – 3x2)

11. Which of the following lines is perpendicular to 15. What is the quotient of 3x
2 ?
the line 4y + 3x = 12? 2
a. 4x + 7x
1
a. y = 3x + 12 b. 4x2 + 7x – 1
3
b. y = –4x + 3 c. 9x2 + 18x
3
c. y = 4x – 3 d. 9x2 + 18x – 1
4
d. y = –3x + 4 e. 36x6 + 62x5 – 9x4
4
e. y = 3x – 4
16. If the area of a sector of a circle is 8π and the
12. A circle has a circumference equal to g. If the area angle formed by the two radii of the sector is
of the circle is tripled, what is the new area of the equal to 80°, what is the length of the radius
circle in terms of g? of the circle?
a. 3π g2
g2 17. Triangles ABC and DEF are similar. Each side of
b. 4π
3g2
π
ABC is three times the length of its corresponding
c. 4
9g2 side of triangle DEF. If the area of triangle ABC is
d. π
4 72 square units, what is the area of triangle DEF in
9g2
e. π2
4 square units?
3 2
 
13. Compared to the graph of y = x2, the graph of 18. If a 2 = 512, then what is a 3 ?
y = (x – 2)2 – 2 is
a. shifted 2 units right and 2 units down. 19. Bria and Lindsay play tennis on a rectangular
b. shifted 2 units left and 2 units down. court with an area of 2,000 ft.2. If the length of
c. shifted 2 units right and 2 units up. the court is 80 ft., what is the perimeter of the
d. shifted 2 units left and 2 units up. court in feet?
e. shifted 4 units left and 2 units down.
20. Marie is filling a box with books. The box has
14. Aiden sketches a right triangle and labels it ABC. a length of 16 in., a width of 10 in., and a height
Angle B is 90° and the tangent of angle A is 1. If of 8 in. If every book has a width of 5 in., a
the length of side AB is 10 units, what is the length of 8 in., and a height of 1 in., how
length of side AC? many books can fit in the box?
a. 5 units
b. 10 units x2 + 3x
21. When x = –4, what is the value of 
8–4 ?
c. 102 units
d. 103 units
e. 20 units

119
 – POSTTEST –

22. In the diagram below, line CD is a tangent 23. If –3a – 9b = –6 and 5a + 6b = –8, what is the
and line EO is a secant. If arc AB = 60° and the value of b?
radius of the circle is 7 units, what is the length
of secant EO? 24. Each term in the sequence below is twice the
previous term. What is the seventh term of
D the sequence below?
6, 12, 24, 48, . . .

A 25. Find the positive value of x that makes the

(x2 + 9x)
expression  
(x2 + 6x – 27) undefined.

E
B O
C

120