International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS)

Volume VI, Issue VI, June 2017 | ISSN 2278-2540

Smart Home System using Internet of Things over

WiFi
Shilpa Patil1, Prof. Ashokkumar P S2, Prasadgouda B Patil3
1
Assistant Professor, Dept of ECE, BLDEA’S Dr P.G.Halakatti College of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapur, India
2
Professor & Head of the Dept of CSE, Amruta Institute of Engineering and Management Sciences, Bengaluru, India
3
Assistant Professor, Dept of CSE, SECAB Institute of Engineering & Technology, Vijayapur, India

Abstract- Internet of Things (IoT) is a system of interconnection We can control all loads at the same time from remote
any physical objects around us that has an on and off switch to location without connecting any physical wire between the
the Internet. IoT covers a wide area and includes variety of loads and user. Hence the proposed Smart Home system is
devices like smart phones, PDAs, sensors, actuators and digital more scalable and flexible than the commercially available
cameras. All these devices can be connected to each other to
home automation systems [2].
enable smart processes and services that support our basic needs,
environment and health. One such service that supports basic
need is making our home a Smart Home. The main objective of II. RELATED WORK
the project is to develop a low cost and flexible Smart Home
Home automation System (HAS) can be described as
System using an embedded web server, with IP connectivity that
will provide remote control of home appliances and also provide introduction of technology within the home environment to
security against any problems by using Android based Smart provide convenience, comfort, security and energy efficiency
phone application when the home host is not at home. This to its occupants [3].
proposed work is concerned with the controlling of different
There has been a significant increase in home automation in
home appliances automatically using internet which is meant to
save the electric power and human energy. The various recent years due to higher affordability and advancement in
appliances connected to the microcontroller and sensors are Smart phones and tablets which allows vast connectivity.
connected using wireless network. With the introduction of the Internet of Things, the research
and implementation of home automation are getting more
Key Words: Internet of Things (IoT), Wi-Fi network,
popular [4]. Various wireless technologies that can support
Microcontroller, Home Automation System (HAS), Smart Home
System some form of remote data transfer, sensing and control such as
Bluetooth, WiFi, RFID, and cellular networks have been
utilized to embed various levels of intelligence in the home
I. INTRODUCTION
[5].

T he Internet of Things (IoT) is described as the

interconnection of physical objects like smart-phones,
PDAs, smart TVs, sensors and actuators to the Internet where
Adding intelligence to home environment can provide
increased quality of life through the integration of multi-touch
mobile devices, cloud networking and wireless
the devices are interlinked together enabling them to
communication to provide the user with remote control of
communicate with people and between themselves [1].
various lights and appliances within their home. This system
Homes of the 21st century will become Smart Homes with uses a consolidation of a mobile phone application, handheld
more self-controlled and automation by using a system that wireless remote, and PC based program to provide a means of
allow users to monitor and control household electric user interface to the consumer [6]. Basil Hamed proposed a
appliances from anywhere and anytime. The traditional home Smart house system consisting of many systems that can be
automation systems are based on wired communication that controlled by LabVIEW software as the main controlling
has no problem until the system is planned well in advance system. The system is connected to the internet to monitor and
and installed during the physical construction of the building. control the house equipment‟s from anywhere in the world
But for already existing buildings the implementation using LabVIEW [7].
becomes arduous and expensive. In this paper, with a vision to
achieve maximized automation an effective design and III. PROPOSED SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
protocol implementation for Internet of Things used for
Earlier the traditional home automation system using GSM
monitoring regular domestic conditions by means of low cost
module comprised of the hardware consisting of a stand-alone
ubiquitous sensing system is presented. The system uses WiFi
embedded system that is based on 8-bit microcontroller
technology as a network infrastructure connecting its parts. In
(Atmega8), a GSM handset with GSM Modem and a driver
home we have different types of loads at different locations.

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 International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS)
Volume VI, Issue VI, June 2017 | ISSN 2278-2540

circuit as shown in the block diagram in Figure 1. The GSM malfunction of the device is also monitored and informed by
modem provides the communication medium between the the installed system to the user who is remotely located. The
homeowner and the system by means of SMS messages [8] construction of this system is easy, cheap and versatile, and
over the GSM network. can be used in any process industry with a little modification.
But in GSM based HAS, there should be the user intervention
for controlling home appliances wherein the user has to send
some commands like “#A.light on*”, “#A.light off*” and so
on. After receiving these commands by the GSM module, the
microcontroller send signal to relays, to switch ON or OFF the
home appliances using a relay driver. This user intervention
can be avoided and the automation process can be still
maximized by connecting objects like smart-phones, Internet
TVs, sensors and actuators to the Internet where the devices
are intelligently linked together enabling new forms of
communication between things and people, and between
things themselves using IOT technology resulting into a Smart
Home.
This section describes the proposed architecture and design of
flexible and low cost home controlling and monitoring system
Figure 1 Block Diagram of the GSM based Home Automation System using IoT. The architecture is divided into three layers: Home
SMS technology used in the system is easy to use, learn and Environment, IoT Gateway and Remote Environment as
can be accessed easily when needed. A microcontroller can be shown in the figure 2.
controlled and monitored from any GSM phone that supports Remote Environment consists of authorized users who can
SMS. The system is universal as most of the GSM phones access the system on their Smart phone application using the
support SMS i.e. the remote to this system can be any basic Internet using Wi-Fi or 3G/4G network. Home Environment
GSM phone. The range of GSM is global so the user can use consists of IoT Gateway and a hardware interface module.
the system from any corner of the world. User and/or system The primary function of the IoT Gateway is to provide data
administrators are more likely to have their phones with them translation services between the Internets. The main
at all times than they are likely to physically be in front of component of the IoT Gateway is a micro Web-server based
their computers. After the desired operation of the system is module that manages, controls and monitors system
performed the system provides the user with an components, that enables hardware interface modules to
acknowledgement. SMS is used as the main communication successfully execute their assigned task using actuators and to
medium. Abnormal conditions like power failure or the report server with triggered events using sensors.
REMOTE ENVIRONMENT
HOME ENVIRONMENT

Figure 2 Overview of Conceptual Smart Home System Architecture

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 International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS)
Volume VI, Issue VI, June 2017 | ISSN 2278-2540

The hardware interface modules are interfaced with sensors frequently mentioned to as PIR, "Passive Infrared", "Pyro
and actuators through wires. It has capabilities to control the electric", or "IR motion" sensors.
following components in users home and monitor the
following alarms: Temperature and humidity, Gas leakage
detection, and control the following appliances: Lights
on/off/dim, Fan ON/OFF, ON/OFF of different HVAC Figure 4 Wireless Sensor Unit of Smart Home System
appliances (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning),
Leakage of gas. The next important module is ESP8266EX WiFi module. It
offers a complete Wi-Fi networking solution and can be used
IV. METHODOLOGY to host the application or to offload Wi-Fi networking
functions from another application processor. When
A. Hardware Description ESP8266EX hosts the application, it boots up directly from an
external flash. Alternately, serving as a Wi-Fi adapter,
The methodology of this work design can be divided into two wireless internet access can be added to any microcontroller-
sections: hardware and software implementations. The based design with simple connectivity using SPI/SDIO or
hardware implementation consists of the development of the I2C/UART interface. ESP8266EX is among the most
main controller, sensor networks and the smart home as integrated Wi-Fi chip in the industry as it integrates the
shown in the figure 3. While the software implementation antenna switches, RF balun, power amplifier, low noise
focuses on the programming of the microcontroller using receive amplifier, filters, power management modules.
Embedded C. ESP8266EX is often integrated with external sensors and
other application specific devices through its GPIOs.
The software part consists of programming AT89C52
microcontroller using Embedded C using Keil μVision. The
Graphical User Interface is designed by using PHP. The
gateway flowchart for the establishment of connection to the
internet is shown in figure 4.

Figure 3 Control Unit of Smart Home System

Main controller is the most important part of the system that Read the load
parameter (p1, p2, p3)
provides interface between the user and the system. AT89C52
microcontroller is used as the brain of the main controller. It is Send Data to
Webserver
a low-voltage, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer
with 4K bytes of Flash programmable memory. It has 32
general I/O port and the clock speed can be up to 24 MHz. In If
p1>thres
If
p2>thres
If
p3>thres
addition, it is designed with static logic for operation down to hold t1 hold t2 hold t3

zero frequency and supports two software selectable power Command

received

saving modes. The Idle Mode stops the CPU while allowing
the RAM, timer/counters, serial port and interrupt system to Activate the
Load 1
continue functioning. The power-down mode saves the RAM
contents but freezes the oscillator disabling all other chip
functions until the next hardware reset. In order to program
the device, preload tool is been used to burn the program onto Figure 6 IoT Gateway f low chart for the connection establishment with the
this microcontroller. Internet

IR sensors allow to sense motion, and detect whether an The sequence of activities in the Smart Home System is as
object has moved in or out of the range. They are inexpensive, follows:
low-power, small and easy to use. They are normally found in  When the connection is established it will start reading
appliances and devices used in households. They are the parameters of loads like p1, p2, p3 etc.

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 International Journal of Latest Technology in Engineering, Management & Applied Science (IJLTEMAS)
Volume VI, Issue VI, June 2017 | ISSN 2278-2540

 The threshold levels for the required loads are set as t1, Figure 7: Screenshot of Web Server Page of Smart Home System

 The data can be analysed anywhere at home.

t2, t3, etc. The sensor data are sent to the web server.
VI. CONCLUSION
 If the load parameters are greater than the threshold level In this paper, a novel architecture for low cost and flexible
then the respective load is activated and the required home control and monitoring system using IoT is proposed
actuation is done for the controlling of the parameters. and implemented. The proposed architecture utilizes Web
services as an interoperable application layer for
V. EXPERIMENTAL RESULT communicating between the remote user and the home
A model house is built for the home automation system and is devices. The home automation using IoT has been
as shown in the figures 5 and 6. The AT89S52 connects to the experimentally proven to work satisfactorily by connecting
internet through Wi-Fi. When the connection is established it simple appliances to it and the appliances were successfully
will start reading the parameters of loads. The threshold levels controlled remotely through internet. The designed system not
for the required loads are set as per the parameter and stored only monitors the sensor data, like temperature, gas, light,
in the database. The load data are sent to the web server. The motion sensors, but also actuates a process according to the
data can be analysed anywhere, any time. If the load requirement with the support of inbuilt WiFi module, for
parameters are greater than the threshold level then the example switching on the light when it gets dark. It also stores
respective sensor will be activated and the required actuation the sensor parameters in the database in a timely manner
is done for the controlling of the parameters. The user can also which helps the user to analyze the condition of various
monitor the electric appliances through the internet via web parameters in the home. IoT has the potential to add a new
server. Person knowing the user name and password can dimension to this process by enabling communications with
control the system by entering the assigned IP address in the smart objects, thus leading to the vision of „„anytime,
web browser through which the web server page will appear. anywhere, any media, anything” communications.
The web server gives the information about the loads and their
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