Nashik Gramin Shikshan Prasarak Mandal’s

BRAHMA VALLEY COLLEGE OF TECHNICAL

EDUCATION, ANJANERI, NASHIK
Department of Computer Technology

PROJECT WORK BOOK

YEAR 2024 -2025

Project Title: Traffic Light Controllerusing the

8086 microprocessor.
Pranav Ahire 2207780012
Atharva Lambole 2207780020
Saurabh Shewale 23611480182
Yogesh Raundal 2207780023

Project Guide: Prof. S.A.Bhamre.

 MAHARASHTRA STATE
BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION (MSBTE), MUMBAI

Brahma Valley College of Technical

Education, Anjaneri, Nasik
Department of Computer Technology

2024 -2025

Project
Report On
Traffic Light Controller using the 8086 microprocessor.

Pranav Ahire 2207780012

Atharva Lambole 2207780020
Saurabh Shewale 23611480182
Yogesh Raundal 2207780023

Under the guidance of

[Prof. S.A.Bhamre.]
 Brahma Valley College of
Technical Education,
Anjaneri, Nashik

Department of Computer Technology

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that
Atharva Lambole 2207780020
Pranav Ahire 2207780012
Saurabh Shewale 23611480182
Yogeash Roundal 2207780023

Have successfully completed their Project on “Traffic Light Controller using the
8086 microprocessor” at Brahma Valley College of Technical Education, Anjaneri,
Nashik in the partial fulfillment of the Diploma course in Computer Technology in
the academic Year 2024-2025.

Prof. S.A.Bhamare Prof.

Guide External

Prof. M. M. Kulkarni Prof. V. P. Nikhade

Head of the Department Principal
 Brahma Valley College of
Technical Education,
Anjaneri, Nashik

Department of Computer Technology

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Pranav Sachin Ahire from Computer Technology

Department has successfully completed his/her Project on ““Traffic Light

Controller

using the 8086 microprocessor” ” at Brahma Valley College of Technical

Education, Anjaneri, Nashik in the partial fulfillment of the Diploma course in

Computer Technology in the academic Year 2024-2025.

Prof.S.A.Bhamare Prof.
Guide External

Prof. M. M. Kulkarni Prof. V. P. Nikhade

Head of the Department Principal
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to deeply thank the various people who, during the several months which this
endeavor lasted, provided us with useful and helpful assistance. Without care and
consideration, this seminar would likely not have matured.

First I would like to thank our project guide Head of Dept. Prof. M. M. Kulkarni Sir for his
guidance and interest. Their guidance reflects expertise we certainly do not master ourselves.
I also thank him for his patience throughout, in cross-reviewing which constitutes a rather
difficult balancing act.

Second, I would like to thank all the Staff Members of Computer Department for providing
us their admirable feedback and insights whenever I discussed my project with them. I also
extend my thanks to our lab assistants who guided us in implementation of our seminar.

I would like to extend my special thanks to our Principal, Prof. V. P. Nikhade for his
encouragement and words of wisdom.

Finally, I express my deepest gratitude to my family and friends who encouraged me since
the beginning and provided me with their insightful reviews to help me make my Project
successful.

Atharva Lambole 2207780020

Pranav Ahire 2207780012

Saurabh Shewale 23611480182

Yogeash Roundal 2207780023

Sr. Contents Remark

No.

1 Abstract 1

2 Setup 2-3

3 4
Architecture

4 5
Algorithm & Instruction

5 Code 6

Conclusion
6 7
 Abstra

This project presents the design and implementation of a

traffic light controller using the Intel 8086
microprocessor. The objective is to simulate the
operation of a typical traffic signal, with programmable
timings for the red, yellow, and green lights, while also
incorporating logic to simulate traffic flow at an
intersection.

The project begins with the establishment of the

hardware setup, comprising an Intel 8086
microprocessor-based development board or simulator,
along with output devices such as LEDs to represent the
traffic lights. Input switches or buttons can optionally be
included to simulate pedestrian crossings or vehicle
sensors.

Programming the 8086 microprocessor involves defining

the timing for each phase of the traffic signal and
controlling the duration of each light phase. This is
achieved through the use of timers or delay loops, with
consideration given to factors such as peak traffic hours,
pedestrian crossings, and emergency vehicle priority.

1
 Setu

o Hardware Setup :-
You'll need an Intel 8086 microprocessor-based development
board or simulator.
LEDs or some other output devices to represent the red,
yellow, and green lights of the traffic signal.
Input switches or buttons to simulate pedestrian crossings or
vehicle sensors (optional).

o Traffic Light Timing :-

Decide on the timings for each phase of the traffic signal (e.g.,
red, green, yellow durations).
Program the 8086 microprocessor to control the timing of each
light phase. You can use timers or delay loops to achieve this.

o Traffic Flow Simulation :-

Implement the logic for simulating traffic flow at the
intersection.
Define rules for when each light should change based on the
traffic conditions.
You can simulate different scenarios such as peak traffic hours,
pedestrian crossings, or emergency vehicle priority.

o User Interface (Optional) :-

If you're using input switches or buttons to simulate pedestrian
crossings or vehicle sensors, you'll need to design a simple user
interface for interacting with the system.

2
 o Programming the 8086 Microprocessor :-
Write the assembly language or machine code program to
control the traffic light timings and traffic flow simulation.
Interface the program with any input/output devices you're using
(e.g., LEDs, switches).

o Testing and Debugging :-

Test the traffic light controller program under various traffic
conditions to ensure that it behaves as expected.
Debug any issues that arise during testing.

3
 Hardware

The architecture of a traffic light controller project

using the Intel 8086 microprocessor typically
involves the following components :-

Hardware :-
• Microprocessor (Intel 8086): -
This is the central unit that processes instructions
and controls the operation of the traffic lights.

• Input/Output Ports:-
These are used to interface the microprocessor
with the external environment, such as the traffic
lights and sensors.

• Traffic Light Signals:-

The actual lights (red, yellow, green) that are
controlled by the output from the microprocessor.

• Sensors:-
These detect the presence of vehicles and
provide input to the microprocessor to adjust the
light sequences accordingly.
Software:

4
 Algorithm &

• Control Algorithm:
This is programmed into the microprocessor to
manage the sequence of the traffic lights based on
the input from the sensors and a predefined timing
scheme.

• Interrupt Service Routines (ISRs):

These handle interrupts generated by the sensors to
allow for real-time changes in the traffic light
sequence.

• Timing Software:
This ensures that the lights change at regular
intervals and that the system can adapt to real-time
traffic conditions.

The microprocessor uses the input from the sensors

to make decisions about which lights to activate
and when, based on the control algorithm. The
output ports then send signals to the traffic lights to
change their state accordingly. This system allows
for efficient management of traffic flow at
intersections, reducing congestion and improving
safety.

5
 Cod

START:
TURN_RED_LIGHT_ON
DELAY(RED_DURATION)

TURN_GREEN_LIGHT_ON
DELAY(GREEN_DURATION)

TURN_YELLOW_LIGHT_ON
DELAY(YELLOW_DURATION)

JMP START ; Repeat the cycle

RED_DURATION equ 5000 ; 5 seconds

GREEN_DURATION equ 7000 ; 7 seconds
YELLOW_DURATION equ 2000 ; 2 seconds

DELAY: mov cx, [bp+4] ; Load delay duration

mov dx, 0

DELAY_LOOP: dec cx ; Decrement counter

jnz DELAY_LOOP ; Loop until counter is zero
ret

6
 Conclusio

To conclude, the traffic light controller project using the

Intel 8086 microprocessor is a comprehensive system
that integrates hardware and software components to
manage traffic signals effectively. The microprocessor
serves as the brain of the operation, executing a control
algorithm that responds to real-time traffic conditions
detected by sensors. The hardware setup includes the
microprocessor itself, input/output ports, traffic lights,
and sensors, while the software encompasses the control
algorithm, interrupt service routines, and timing
software.

This project not only demonstrates the practical

application of microprocessor programming but also
provides a platform for understanding real-world systems
that require timely and accurate control mechanisms. It’s
an excellent example of how embedded systems can be
designed to address everyday challenges, such as traffic
management, and highlights the importance of both
hardware and software in creating functional and reliable
systems.