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History of the Internet

Internet
The Internet, commonly referred to as "the Net," is a global wide area network (GWAN) or
a network of networks that links computer systems all over the world. Generally, it is a
worldwide system of computer networks that have different high-bandwidth data lines,
which includes the Internet "backbone." Users at any computer can access information
from any other computer via the internet (assuming they have authorization). It was
known as the ARPANet for the first time, and in 1969, the ARPA, called Advanced

Research Projects Agency, conceived the internet. Allowing communication between
users and devices from any distance was the primary objective to create the network.

You will need an Internet service provider (ISP) in terms of connecting to the Internet
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since they operate as a middleman between you and the Internet. Most Internet service
providers provide you DSL, cable, or fiber connection to connect to the internet. Below is
a table that contains an overall history of the internet.

Year Event


1960 This is the year in which the internet
started to share information s a way for
government researchers. And, the first
known MODEM and dataphone were
introduced by AT&T.

1961 On May 31, 1961, Leonard Kleinrock

released his first paper, "Information
Flow in Large Communication Nets."

1962 A paper talking about packetization

was released by Leonard Kleinrock.
Also, this year, a suggestion was given
by Paul Baran for the transmission of
data with the help of using fixed-size
message blocks

1964 Baran produced a study on distributed

communications in 1964. In the same
year, Leonard Kleinrock released
Communication Nets Stochastic
Message Flow and Design, the first
book on packet nets.

1965 The first long-distance dial-up link was

established between a TX-2 computer
and a Q-32 at SDC in California by
Lawrence G. Roberts of MIT and Tom
Marill of SDC in California with a Q-32.
Also, the word "Packet" was coined by
Donald in this year.

1966 After getting success at connecting

over dial-up, a paper about this was
published by Tom Marill and Lawrence
G. Roberts.
In the same year, Robert Taylor
brought Larry Roberts and joined
ARPA to develop ARPANET.

1967 In 1967, 1-node NPL packet net was
created by Donald Davies. For packet
switch, the use of a minicomputer was
suggested by Wes Clark.

1968 On 9 December 1968, Hypertext was

publicly demonstrated by Doug
Engelbart. The first meeting regarding
NWG (Network Working Group) was
also held this year, and on June 3, 1968,
the ARPANET program plan was
published by Larry Roberts.

1969 On 1 April 1969, talking about the IMP

software and introducing the Host-to-
Host, RFC #1 was released by Steve
Crocker. On 3 July 1969, a press was
released for announcing the public to
the Internet by UCLA. On August 29,
1969, UCLA received the first network
equipment and the first network
switch. CompuServe, the first
commercial internet service, was
founded the same year.

1970 This is the year in which NCP was

released by the UCLA team and Steve
Crocker.

1971 In 1971, Ray Tomlinson sent the first e-

mail via a network to other users.

1972 In 1972, the ARPANET was initially

demonstrated to the general public.

1973 TCP was created by Vinton Cerf in 1973,

and it was released in December 1974
with the help of Yogen Dalal and Carl
Sunshine. ARPA also launched the first
international link, SATNET, this year.

And, the Ethernet was created by
 Robert Metcalfe at the Xerox Palo Alto
Research Center.

1974 In 1974, the Telenet, a commercial

version of ARPANET, was introduced.
Many consider it to be the first Internet
service provider.

1978 In 1978, to support real-time traffic, TCP

split into TCP/IP, which was driven by
John Shoch, David Reed, and Danny
Cohen. Later on, on 1 January 1983, the
creation of TCP/IP was standardized
into ARPANET and helped create UDP.
Also, in the same year, the first worm
was developed by Jon Hupp and John
Shoch at Xerox PARC.

1981 BITNET was established in 1981. It is a

time network that was formerly a
network of IBM mainframe computers
in the United States.

1983 In 1983, the TCP/IP was standardized by

ARPANET, and the IAB, short for
Internet Activities Board was also
founded in the same year.

1984 The DNS was introduced by Jon Postel

and Paul Mockapetris.

1986 The first Listserv was developed by Eric

Thomas, and NSFNET was also created
in 1986. Additionally, BITNET II was
created in the same year 1986.

1988 The First T1 backbone was included in

ARPANET, and CSNET and CSNET
merged to create CREN.

1989 A proposal for a distributed system was


submitted by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN
 on 12 March 1989 that would later
become the WWW.

1990 This year, NSFNET replaced the

ARPANET. On 10 September 1990, Mike
Parker, Bill Heelan, and Alan Emtage
released the first search engine Archie
at McGill University in Montreal,
Canada.

1991 Tim Berners-Lee introduced the WWW

(World Wide Web) on August 6, 1991.
On August 6, 1991, he also unveiled the
first web page and website to the
general public. Also, this year, the
internet started to be available to the
public by NSF. Outside of Europe, the
first web server came on 1 December
1991.

1992 The main revolution came in the field

of the internet that the internet Society
was formed, and NSFNET upgraded to
a T3 backbone.

1993 CERN submitted the Web source code

to the public domain on April 30, 1993.
This caused the Web to experience
massive growth. Also, this year, the
United Nations and the White House
came, which helped to begin top-level
domains, such as .gov and .org. On 22
April 1993, the first widely-used
graphical World Wide Web browser,
Mosaic, was released by the NCSA with
the help of Eric Bina and Marc
Andreessen.

1994 On April 4, 1994, James H. Clark and

Marc Andreessen found the Mosaic
Communications Corporation, 
 Netscape. On 13 October 1994, the first
Netscape browser, Mosaic Netscape
0.9, was released, which also
introduced the Internet to cookies. On
7 November 1994, a radio station,
WXYC, announced broadcasting on the
Internet, and it became the first
traditional radio station for this. Also, in
the same year, the W3C was
established by Tim Berners-Lee.

1995 In February 1995, Netscape introduced

the SSL (Secure sockets layer), and the
dot-com boom began. Also, the Opera
web browser was introduced to
browsing web pages on 1 April 1995,
and to make voice calls over the
Internet, the Vocaltec, the first VoIP
software, was introduced.
Later, the Internet Explorer web
browser was introduced by Microsoft
on 16 August 1995. In RFC 1866, the next
version of HTML 2.0 was released on 24
November 1995.
In 1995, JavaScript, originally known as
LiveScript, was created by Brendan
Eich. At that time, he was an employee
at Netscape Communications
Corporation. Later LiveScript was
renamed to JavaScript with Netscape
2.0B3 on December 4, 1995. In the
same year, they also introduced Java.

1996 This year, Telecom Act took a big

Decision and deregulated data
networks. Also, Macromedia Flash that
is now known as Adobe Flash was
released in 1996.
In December 1996, the W3C published
CSS 1, the first CSS specification. As 
 compared to postal mail, more e-mail
was sent in the USA. This is the year in
which the network has ceased to exist
as CREN ended its support.

1997 In 1997, the 802.11 (Wi-Fi) standard was

introduced by IEEE, and the internet2
consortium was also established.

1998 The first Internet weblogs arose in this

year, and on February 10, 1998, XML
became a W3C recommendation.

1999 In September 1999, Napster began

sharing files, and Marc Ostrofsky, the
business.com, the most expensive
Internet domain name for $7.5 million
on 1 December 1999. Later on, on 26
July 2007, this domain was sold for
$345 million to R.H. Donnelley.

2000 The craze of dot-com began to

decrease.

2003 The members of CERN took the

decision to dissolve the organization
on 7 January 2003. Also, this year, the
Safari web browser came into the
market on 30 June 2003.

2004 The Mozilla Firefox web browser was

released by Mozilla on 9 November
2004.

2008 On 1 March 2008, the support b AOL for

the Netscape Internet browser was
ended. Then, the Google Chrome web
browser was introduced by Google on
11 December 2008, and gradually it
became a popular web browser.

2009 A person using the fictitious name
Satoshi Nakamoto published the
internet money Bitcoin on 3 January
2009.

2014 On 28 October 2014, W3C

recommended and released the
HTML5 programming language to the
public.

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