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Class Notes 4

Uploaded by

newfn20773
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Natural Language Processing Overview - Lecture 4

Introduction to Machine Learning

Machine Learning is a branch of Artificial Intelligence (AI) focused on building applications that learn

from data and improve their accuracy over time without being explicitly programmed.

It involves algorithms that automatically identify patterns in data, making decisions or predictions

based on new data.

Types of Machine Learning

1. Supervised Learning: A type of machine learning where the model is trained on labeled data.

2. Unsupervised Learning: The model learns patterns from unlabeled data, often used for clustering

and association.

3. Reinforcement Learning: An approach where the model learns to make decisions through

rewards and punishments.

Applications of Machine Learning

Machine learning has applications in various fields including healthcare, finance, marketing, and

more.

Examples include personalized recommendations, fraud detection, image recognition, and

autonomous vehicles.

Key Algorithms

1. Linear Regression: A method for modeling the relationship between a dependent variable and
one or more independent variables.

2. Decision Trees: A model that makes decisions by splitting data into branches based on certain

features.

3. Neural Networks: A series of algorithms that mimic the operations of a human brain to recognize

patterns.

Challenges in Machine Learning

1. Data Quality: The performance of a machine learning model depends heavily on the quality of the

data.

2. Overfitting: When a model learns too much detail and noise in the training data, which affects its

performance on new data.

3. Interpretability: Understanding how complex models like deep neural networks make decisions

can be difficult.

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