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25 views18 pages

Presentation

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viplavannapurne025
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SPINAL CORD

INJURY
INTRODUCTION:
A spinal cord injury is damage to any part
of spinal cord or nerves at the end of
spinal canal.
 The condition causes a temporary or
permanent change in the motor, sensory
or automatic functions of the cord.
 Motor vehicles accidents, acts of violence
and sporting injuries are the common
cause of spinal cord injury.
DEFINITION:

A spinal cord injury is damage to any


part of spinal cord or nerves at the
end of the spinal canal. The condition
often causes permanent changes in
strength, sensation and other body
functions below the site of injury.
ETIOLOGY:
 TRAUMATIC:
1. Motor vehicles accidents
2. Falls
3. Violence
4. Collisions in sports
 NON- TRAUMATIC:
1. Cancer
2. Arthritis
3. Osteoporosis
4. Inflammation
CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS:
 Abnormal Walking pattern
 Loss of feeling or change in feeling
 Loss of bowel or bladder control
 Muscle spasms
 Abnormal reflexes
 Infertility
 Trouble walking
 Difficulty breathing or coughing
TYPES OF SPINAL CORD INJURY:
• COMPLETE SPINAL CORD INJURY:

 Complete cord involvement results in total


loss of sensory and motor function below
the level of lesion
 The body is affected bilaterally
 Itmay cause paralysis of the lower body
(paraplegia) or all four limbs (quariplegia)
INCOMPLETE SPINAL CORD INJURY:
 An incomplete spinal cord injury means
that the spinal cord can still send some
signals to and from the brain, even after
the injury.
 Some of the types include:
1. Anterior cord syndrome: damage to the
front two- third of spinal cord.
2. Posterior cord syndrome: damage to the
back of spinal cord.
 Central cord syndrome: damage to the
middle region of the spinal cord.
 Brown – s’equard syndrome: results of
damage to one half of the spinal cord.
DIAGNOSTIC FINDINGS:
MEDICAL MANAGEMENT:
 Ensure patent airway
 Administer oxygen
 Control external bleeding with cold
applications.
 Muscle relaxants
 Painreliever
 Methyl prednisolone for Recovery of
neurogenic function.
SURGICAL MANAGEMENT:

 DECOMPRESSION:
This is removing the pressure on the spinal
cord.The cause i.e ( disk, blood clot, tumor)
Of the pressure on the spinal cord or spinal
nerves is removed.
NURSING MANAGEMENT:
 Assess for specific cause of disease.
 Assess for pain, tenderness, deformities,
any numbness, alternation in sensation ect.
 Check for BP, pulse and respiration.
 Note for other injuries, if any.
 Obtain cervical spine X- rays, CT scan, MRI.
 Administer high dose methyl prednisolone,
if ordered.
SUMMARY:
CONCLUSION:

Spinal cord injury (SCI) refers to an


injury to the spinal cord which causes a
temporary or permanent change in the
motor, sensory or automatic functions of
the cord.
REFERENCE:
I Clement, Textbook of adult health
nursing volume -2 ,BSc nursing 4
semester, EMMESS Publishers.
 Usha ukhande, Textbook of adult health
nursing, volume -2 , 4 semester, cbs
publishers’.
 Wolters kluwer, Brunner and
Textbook of medical surgical nursing
volume-2,South Asian edition.

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