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1STL3G9 - Work and Power

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Pamela Grace Delantar
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14 views

1STL3G9 - Work and Power

Uploaded by

Pamela Grace Delantar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WORK

AND
POWER
REPRESENTATIONS
W Work
J Joules
P Power
Ƞ efficiency
w watts
hp horsepower
Calculating Work – Which Units?
• When calculating work, use the
following units:
• Force is measured in newtons (N)
• Distance is measure in meters (m)
• Work is measured in joules (J)
• 1 joule equals 1 newton multiplied by
𝑚2
1 meter (N x m) or (kg)x 2
𝑠
• You do about 1 joule of work when
you lift an apple above your head
WORK
•Is the transfer of energy from
one body to another.
•It is the energy transferred to
or from a system by a force
that acts on it.
WORK

If there is no movement, there is no work.


Work is force times distance (W = F
x d)
…but!

Only the force component in the direction of motion counts!

Units of work: Joule


Work (force is parallel to
distance)

Force (N)

Work (joules) W=Fxd


Distance (m)
Work (force at angle to distance)

Force (N)

Work (joules) W = Fd cos (q) Angle

Distance (m)
•Mathematically, work can be
expressed by the following equation.
• W= F x d cos  ( cos 0 = 1)
0

•where F = force, d = displacement,


and the angle (theta) is defined as
the angle between the force and
the displacement vector
Work Calculations

W= F x d W=F x d cos 300 W= F x d


=100N x 5m = 100N X 5m X .87 =15Kg(10m/s2) X 5m
=500 Joules = 413 Joules = 750 Joules
PROBLEM # 1
If you lift a 3N book 2meters off the
floor, how much work did you do?
W=Fxd
W = 3N x 2m
W=6J
PROBLEM # 2

It requires 3480 J to move a


675 N object how far?
d=W÷F
d = 3480 J / 675 N
d = 5.16 m
PROBLEM # 3
A man pushes a couch a distance of
0.75 m. If 113 J of work is done, what is
the magnitude of he force applied?
F=W÷d
F = 113 J / 0.75 m
F = 151 N
PROBLEM # 4
The 3rd floor of a house is 8 m above street
level. How much work is needed to move a
150 kg refrigerator to the third floor?
W=Fxd
F = mg (150 kg x 9.8 m/s2)=1470 N
W = 1470 N x 8 m
W = 11760 J
POWER
•Is the rate at which work is done.
•It is measured in Watts.
•More power means…
• More work is done in the same amount
of time
• The same amount of work is done in less
time
Ex: A person that is a more powerful runner is faster
and can run farther in the same amount of time as a
less powerful runner (more work in equal time)
Ex: Lifting a weight:
Lifting a 10-kilogram
weight vertically to a
height of 2 meter. What
is the work done?
POWER

Power = Work / Time


P=W/T
PROBLEM # 1
A weightlifter lifted 2000 Newtons to a
height of 2 meters. This 4000 Joules of
work. What is the power output if this was
done in 2 seconds?
P=W/T
P = 4000Joules / 2seconds
P = 2000 watts
PROBLEM # 2
If an engine does 100,000 joules of
work in 10 seconds, how much power
did it use?
P=W/t
P = 100,000J / 10s
P = 10,000w
The engine used 10,000 watts of power
PROBLEM # 3
Because work equals force
multiplied by distance,
another way to write the
power formula is:
Power = Work / Time
Power = (Force x Distance) / Time
P = (F x d) / t
P = W / t is the same as P = (F x d) / t
PROBLEM # 3
If an engine exerts 3500 Newtons of
force to move a car 50 meters in 10
seconds, how much power did it use?
P = (F x d) / t
P = (3500N x 50m) / 10s
P = 175,000J / 10s
P = 17,500w
The engine used 17,500 watts of power
LET’S TRY!
A block is pulled by a constant force of 60 Newton. If the
work done by the force on the block is 800 joule what is
the displacement of the block?

d=W÷F
d = 800 J ÷ 60N
d = 13.33 m
LET’S TRY!
A climber of 650N of weight climbs a wood steps with a
length of 5m. He takes 60seconds to get the end of the
steps. What is the power done by the climber.
P=W/t
P = W(Fxd)/t
P = (650N x 5m)/60secs
P = 3250J/60secs
P = 54.17 watts
1. If 360 Joules of work are needed to move a crate a
distance of 4 meters, what is the weight of the crate?
2. If a group of workers can apply a force of 1000
Newtons to move a crate 20 meters, what amount of
work will they have accomplished?
3. How much work is done in holding a 15 N sack of
potatoes while waiting in line at the grocery store for 3
minutes.
4. A person weighing 600 N gets on an elevator. The
elevator lifts the person 6 m in 10 seconds. How much
power was used?
5. How much time is needed to produce 720 Joules of
work if 90 watts of power is used?

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