INPUT UNIT

An input device is a piece of hardware used to provide data to a computer as

well for interaction and control. It allows input of raw data to the computer for
processing.
This unit makes the link between user and computer. The input devices
translate the information into a form understandable by the computer.
Input Devices
Keyboard Digitizer
Mouse Microphone
Trackball Digital Camera
Touchpad Digital Scanner
Joystick MICR
Light Pen BCR
OCR OMR
Input Devices | Keyboard
One of the primary input devices used
to input data and commands.
It has function keys, control keys,
arrow keys, keypad and the keyboard
itself with the letters, numbers and
commands.
Keyboards are connected to the
computer through USB or Bluetooth.
Smartphone's and tablets use on-
screen keyboard to input messages
and select commands.
A standard keyboard is also referred
to as QWERTY keyboard.
 Types of Keyboard
• There are three types of keyboard. They are:
• XT( Extended Keyboard): It was Used in Extended model computer. It was not
flexible with maximum 84 keys combination.
• AT(Advance Keyboard): It is used in Advance Model Computer. It is flexible
keyboard with Maxmium 103 keys.
• Enhanced/ Normal Keyboard: It is still in used.
• Multimedia Keyboard: This type of keyboard is use for multimedia
applications. It has 125+ keys available.
Input Devices | Mouse
The mouse is a pointing device that lets you control the position of a
graphical pointer on the screen. It allows the user to do the
following:
• Move the mouse cursor
• Select
• Scroll
• Open or execute a program
• Drag-and-drop etc..
Input Devices | Mouse
There are three basic types of mouse
• Mechanical: Has a rubber or metal ball on its underside that can roll
in all directions. Mechanical sensors within the mouse detect the
direction the ball is rolling and move the screen pointer accordingly.
• Opto-Mechanical: Same as a mechanical mouse, but uses optical
sensors to detect motion of the ball.
• Optical: It uses the laser technology to detect the mouse movement
by optical sensors. They respond more quickly and precisely than
mechanical.
Input Devices
A trackball is a pointing device
that works like an upside down
mouse and you use it by rolling
the ball around with your fingers.
It has one or more buttons to
click, just like a mouse.
Input Devices
Joystick
A joystick is a small vertical lever called stick which has buttons, that
moves in all directions and controls the movement of cursor on the
screen. The button of the joystick is pressed to activate certain
events.
Joysticks are mainly used for computer games, flight simulator,
controlling industrial robots etc.
Input Devices
Light Pen
Light Pen is a pointing device which is used to select a displayed menu
item or draw pictures on the monitor screen.
It consists of a photocell and an optical system placed in a small tube.
When its tip is moved over the monitor screen, and pen button is
pressed, its photocell sensing element detects the screen location
and sends the corresponding signals to the CPU.
Input Devices
Digitizer
A digitizer is a computer input device that enables a user to hand-draw
images, animations and graphics, with a special pen-like stylus, similar
to the way a person draws images with a pencil and paper.
When user draw on digitizer with the stylus , it converts the
movements of stylus into digital signals that are later sent into the
computer
Input Devices
Voice Recognition
Voice Recognition is one of the most complex input techniques used
to interact with the computer. The user inputs data by speaking into a
microphone.
The sound card translates the sound signals(analog) into digital signal
and vice versa.
Input Devices
Digital Camera
Digital Camera is an input device used to take picture and to store
directly in computer in digital form. It stores the image digitally rather
than recording then on film.
Input Devices
Scanner
A scanner is a device that captures images from photographic prints,
posters, magazine pages and creates an electronic version of the
document that can be viewed and edited on a computer.
Common type of scanner is hand-held scanner and flat-bed scanner.
Input Devices
Magnetic Ink Character Recognition(MICR)
A MICR allows the computer to recognize characters printed using
magnetic ink.
MICR devices were developed to help the banking field in processing
large volumes of cheques and deposits every day.
Input Devices
Optical Character Reader (OCR)
Optical character recognition is a process of scanning printed pages as
image on scanner and it uses OCR software to recognize the letters as
ASCII text.
The accepted OCR fonts are OCR-A(American standard and OCR-
B(European standard)
Input Devices
Optical Mark Recognition (OMR)
Optical mark recognition is the process of capturing human-marked
data from document forms such as surveys and tests.
They are used to read questionnaires, multiple choice examination
paper in the form of lines or shaded areas.
Input Devices
Bar Code Reader (BCR)
The barcode is encoded data about product information. The barcode
is made up of black and white lines of different widths and contains
numbers. Barcode contain information about country code,
manufacturer code and product.
A barcode reader is an optical scanner that can read printed barcodes,
decode the data contained in the barcode and send the data to a
computer.
• This is another typeSmart cardwhich use to fed
of input device
informations written in a card of the card holder.
• There are two type of Smart card available. They
are:
• Smart Card without memory card: The card that
doesnot have any memory card to hold the information
of the card holder but it stores the data in magnetic
strip or in a coil. They can hold only specific data.
• Smart card with chip: This type of card can hold a bulk
of information about the card holder. The information
stored in chip available in the card. Thos types of card
are more popular as well as secured than above one.
 Microphone
• This is another type of input device which use to convert the sound
pitch to the digital format and fed to the computer.
• The main working principle in this type of Device that a pizo-electric
element is fitted which have a properties that it can convert the
sound pitch pressure to the reciprocal electrical signals that fed to the
computer to convertin digital form.
 Touch Screen
• It is also an input device. This type of touch screen
where it has wide varity of application. The touch is
done on w particular position on the screen where the
menu or event linked to the point triggred.
• The touching sense is done generally infrared sensing
just by blocking the way of infrared path where
touching is done .
 Touch Pad
• It is also an input device.
• It is also used as pointing device.
• It is use to sense the user finger movement on its surface by using
pizo-electric sensor or using infrared sensor..
• It is generally used in laptop as a pointing device.
• Due to its flat thin appreance it is used in laptop and modern hand
held portable devices.