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312301 – Applied Mathematics (Sem II)
As per MSBTE’s K Scheme
CO / CM / IF / AI / AN / DS

Unit V PROBABILITY DISTRIBUTION Marks - 12

Qs.
Solution
No.
An unbiased coin is tossed 5 times. Find the probability of getting a head.

1.

An unbiased coin is tossed 5 times. Find the probability of getting three heads.

2.

If the coin is tossed three times. Find the probability of getting exactly two Heads.

3.

4. An unbiased coin is tossed 5 times. Find the probability of getting 2 tails.

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5.
If two coins tossed simultaneously. Find the probability of getting at least one head.

Here, p = 1/2 , q = 1/2

N = 2, r = at least 1
By Binomial Distribution,
P(at least 1) = 1-p(0)

P(at least 1) = 1-0.25

P(at least one) = 0.75

6.
Three fair coins are tossed. Find the probability that at leasttwo heads appear.

7.
An unbiased coin is tossed 6 times. Find probability ofgetting 2 Heads.

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8. If unbiased coin is tossed 6 times, find the probability of
getting 4 heads.

Here, p =1/2, q = ½
N=6&r=4
By Binomial Distribution,
P(4 )= 0.2343

9.
An unbiased coin is tossed 6 times. Find the probability ofgetting (i) 2 head (ii) Exactly 4
heads.
Here, p =1/2, q = ½
N=6

i) r=2
By Binomial Distribution,
P(2) =0.234
ii) r=4
By Binomial Distribution,
P(4)= 0.232

10. A person fires 10 shots at target. The probability that anyshot will hit the target 3/5. Find
the probability that the target is hit exactly 5 times.

3
 If 20% of the bolts produce by a machine are defective.Find the probability that out of 4
11. bolts drawn,
i) One is defective.
ii) At the most two are defective.
iii) At least one is defective.

12.
The probability that a man aged 65 will live to 75 is 0.65.
What is the probability that out of 10 men which are now65, 7 will live to 75.
Given p=0.65, q=1-0.65-0.35, n=10, r=7

13.
The probability that a bomb dropped from a Plane will strike the target is 1/5. If six
bombs are dropped, find the
probability that exactly two will strike the target.

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 14. On an average 2% of the population in an area suffer from T. B. What is the
probability that out of 5 persons chosen at random from this area, at least two
suffer from T. B.?

15. 10% of the component manufactured by company are defective. If twelve

components selected at random, find the probability that at least two will be
defective.

16. Fit a poisson’s distribution for the following observations.

x i 20 30 40 50 60 70
fi 8 12 30 10 6 4

Assuming that 2 in 10 industrial accidents are due to fatigue. Find the probability
17. that exactly 2 out of 8 accidents will be due to fatigue.

Here, p = 2/10 = 0.5

.
 q= 0.5
n = 8, r = 2
By Binomial Distribution,
P(2)= 0.2936

18. If 3% of the electric bulbs manufacture by a companyare defective. Find the probability
that in a sample of100 bulbs. Exactly 5 bulbs are defective
(Given e–3 = 0.0497).
Ans Here, p = 3% = 3/100 = 0.03
N = 100
m= np=100*0.03 = 3
By Poisson’s Distribution,
P(5)= 0.1013

A company manufacture electric motors. The probabilitythat an electric motor is defective

19. is 0.01. What is the probability that a sample of 300 electric
Motors will contains exactly 5 defective motors?
(Given e–3 = 0.0498)

In a sample of 1000 cases the mean of certain test is 14 andstandard deviation is 2.5.
Assuming the distribution to be normal, find
20. i) How many students score above 18?
ii) How many students score between 12 and 15? [Given : A(0.4) = 0.1554, A(0.8)
= 0.2881, A(1.6) = 0.4452]

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 If 2% of the electric bulbs manufactured by company are defective, find the probability that
21. in a sample of 100 bulbs,
i) 3 bulbs are defective,
ii) At the most two bulbs will be defective.(e–2 = 0.1353)

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 In a test on 2000 electric bulbs, it was found that the life of particular make was normally
distributed with average life of 2040 hours and standard deviation of 60 hours. Estimate the
number of bulbs likely to burn for:
22.
i) Between 1920 hours and 2160 hours.
ii) More than 2150 hours. Given that: A (2) = 0.4772
A (1.83) = 0.4664

23. If the probability of a bad reaction from the certain injection

is 0.001, determine the chance that out of 2000 individualsmore than two will get a bad
reaction. (Given e2 = 7.4)

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1
0
 In a sample of 1000 cases the mean of certain test is 14 and S.D is 2.5. Assuming
the distribution to be normal. Find
24. i) How many students score between 12 and 15?
ii) How many students score above 18?
[Given : A (0.8) = 0.2881, A (0.4) = 0.1554, A (1.6) = 0.4452]

The number of road accidents met with by taxi drivers follow Poisson distribution
with mean 2 out of 5000 taxi in the city, find the number of drivers.
25. i) Who does not meet an accident?
Who met with an accidents more than 3 items? (Given e–2 = 0.1353)
 In a sample of 1000 cases the mean of certain test is 14 and S.D is 2.5. Assuming
the distribution to be normal. Find
24. i) How many students score between 12 and 15?
ii) How many students score above 18?
[Given : A (0.8) = 0.2881, A (0.4) = 0.1554, A (1.6) = 0.4452]

The number of road accidents met with by taxi drivers follow Poisson distribution
with mean 2 out of 5000 taxi in the city, find the number of drivers.
25. i) Who does not meet an accident?
Who met with an accidents more than 3 items? (Given e–2 = 0.1353)
 Weight of 4000 students are found to be normally distributed with mean 50 kgs and
standard deviation 5 kgs.
Find the number of students with weights
26. i) less than 45 kgs
ii) between 45 and 60 kgs
(Given : For a standard normal variate z area under thecurve between z = 0 and
z = 1 is 0.3413 and that between z = 0 and z = 2 is 0.4772)

If 2% of the electric bulbs manufactured by company are defective, find the probability that
27.
in a sample of 100 bulbs,
i) 3 bulbs are defective,
ii) At least two are defective.

1
2
 In a sample of 1000 cases the mean of certain test is 14 andstandard deviation is 2.5.
Assuming the distribution to be normal, find
iii) How many students score above 18?
iv) How many students score between 12 and 15? Given
28.
Frequency 0 to 0.8 = 0.2881
Frequency 0 to 0.4 = 0.1554
Frequency 0 to 1.6 = 0.4452.

1
3
 In a certain examination 500 students appeared. Mean scoreis 68 with S.D. 8 Find the number
of students scoring
29. i) Less than 50
ii) Scoring more than 60
Given, Area between z = 0 and z = 2.25 is 0.4878Area between z = 0 and z = 1 is
0.3413

1
4
 If 30% of the bulbs produced are defective, find theprobability that out of 4 bulbs
30.
selected
i) One is defective
ii) at the most two are defective

ii)
r =at most 2 are defective.
P(at most 2) = p(0) + p(1) + p(2)
P(at most 2) = 0.2401 + 0.4116 + 0.2646
P(at most 2) = 0.9163

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5
 I.Q.’s are normally distributed with mean 100 and standard deviation 15. Find the
probability that a randomly selected person has
i) An I.Q more than 130
31.
ii) An I.Q. between 85 and 115.
Given [z = 2, Area = 0.4772 and z = 1, Area = 0.3413]

32. 3% of a given lot of manufactured parts are defective. What is the probability that
in a sample of 4 items none will be defective?
Here p = 3% = 0.03
q = 0.97
n=4&r=0
By Binomial Distribution,
P(0)= 0.8853

33. In a town 10 accidents took place in a period of 50 days. Assuming Poisson

distribution, find the probability that there will be 3 or more accidents per
day.
P(3 or more)= 0.012

34. The probability of getting an item defective is 0.005. What is the probability that
exactly 3 items in a sample of 200 are defective? (Given e–1 = 0.3679)

Here, p = 0.005
N = 200
M=1
By Poisson’s Distribution,
P(3)= 0.06131
 P(3)= 0.06131

35. Fit a Poisson distribution to set of observations

Xi 0 1 2 3 4
Fi 122 60 15 2 1

36. If 5% of the electric bulbs manufacturing by a company aredefective, use Poisson

distribution to find the probability that in a sample of 100 bulbs.
i) None is defective
ii) Five bulbs are defective (e–5 = 0.007)

1
7
 A problem is given to the three students Ram, Shyam andAmit, whose chances of solving
it are ,1/2, 1/3 and 1/4 Respectively. If they attempt to solve a problem
37. independently, Find the probability that the problem issolved by at least one of them.

(Not in Syllabus)

In 200 sets of tosses of 5 fair coins, in how many ways youcan expect.
38.
i) at least two heads
ii) at the most two heads

The probability that a machine manufactured by a company will be defective 1/10. If

5 such machines are manufactured find probability that.
39. i) Exactly two will be defective.
ii) At least two will be defective.

1
8
 Fit a Poisson's distribution for the following observations
40. xi 0 1 2 3 4
fi 21 18 7 3 1

41. A room has 3 electrical lamps. From a collection of 15

electric bulbs of which only 10 are good, 3 are selected at random and put in the lamps. Find
the probability that the
room is lighted by at least one of the bulbs.

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