Present Perfect Tense

I have seen the new Harry Potter movie. / We have been to the new shopping mall.
She has eaten lunch. / He has finished his homework.

Why do we use “Present Perfect” [FUNCTION]

‐We use the present perfect to talk about an experience in the past
‐When it happened is not important
‐ That experience can have some connection to the present

How do we use “Present Perfect” [FORM]

Positive
[ Subject + have/has + past participle verb ]
I + have + eaten + sushi before.
They + have + seen + that movie.
He + has + been + to Japan.

Negative
[ Subject + haven’t/hasn’t + past participle verb ]
I + haven’t + eaten + sushi before.
They + haven’t + seen + that movie.
He + hasn’t + been + to Japan.

Questions
[ Have/Has + subject + ever + past participle ]
Have + you + ever + eaten + sushi before?
How many times ... Have + they + ever + seen + that movie?
Has + he + ever + been + to Japan?

Quick Grammar Exercise ‐ Write the question for the answer provided.
[1] Have you ever gone snowboarding ?
‐ Yes, I have gone snowboarding.
[2] Have you ever been to the dentist this year?
‐ No, I haven’t been to the dentist this year. How many times have you
[3] Have you ever traveled to America ? traveled to America?
‐ Sure, I have traveled to
in America many times.
[4] Have you ever ridden in a helicopter ?
‐ Nope, I have never ridden in a helicopter.
 Contractions
A contraction is when we put two words together so we can say them quickly. For example:
[ It is  It’s / We are  We’re / Can not  Can’t ]

With a present perfect sentence we can make a contraction with the “Subject” and
“have/has”

I have  ___________
I've You have ____________
You've

He has  __________
He's She has  ___________
She's

It has  ___________
It's They have  _________
They've

We have  ________
We've

Also we can make a contraction with “have/has” and “not”

Have not  ________

Haven't Has not  ___________
Hasn't

Now change these sentences and practice pronouncing the contractions.

[1] I have never been to Mexico.

[2] We have never met.

[3] He has been to the Lotte Hotel before.

[4] I have not read “Hunger Games” in English.

[5] She has not flown on an airplane. Fly - Flew - Flown

[6] It has made a big mess in the kitchen.

[7] They have written a new book.

[8] You have won first prize in the English speech competition.

[9] I think he has sent you a text message already.

[10] Did you know they have not signed up for Facebook yet?
 Have You Ever Questions

Fill in the table below with the correct forms of the verbs. Be sure to include the Past Simple
and the Past Participle for each verb listed.

Present Past Past Present Past Past

Simple Simple Participle Simple Simple Participle
play played played see saw seen
visit visited visited drive drove driven
take took taken eat ate eaten
sleep slept slept read read read
write wrote written buy bought bought
fly flew flown find found found
send sent sent live lived lived
drink drank drunk ride rode ridden
have had had go went gone
make made made lose lost lost
win won won finish finished finished

Make some “Have you ever…” questions about these different situations.
Use the verbs provided, you have to use the past participle don’t forget!

If your answer is YES ‐ Tell more about it.

If your answer is NO ‐ Tell why you haven't done that.

Example
Have you ever slept in a tent?
‐Yes, I’ve slept in a tent many times.
‐ No, I’ve never slept in a tent.

Have you ever driven on a motorcycle?

‐Yes, I’ve driven on a motorcycle before.
‐No, I have never driven on a motorcycle.
 My Vacations
Use the information below to tell us about how your vacation is going. Choose 4 things that
you have done and 2 things you haven't done for each vacation. Then tell a short story using
two sentences for each activity.

Example
Hi Mom, I’m writing you from San Francisco.
O ‐ watch a Giant’s baseball game X ‐ visit Alcatraz Island
O ‐ visit Chinatown O ‐ take a cable car
X ‐ climb Telegraph Hill O ‐ go to the Golden Gate Bridge.

I have watched a Giant's baseball game. It was fun to watch a Major League Game live.
Also I have visited Chinatown. I ate some really delicious Chicken there. Next I have taken a
cable car. They are really famous here so I wanted to try one. Plus I have gone to the Golden
Gate Bridge. I took some really great pictures there. However I haven't climbed Telegraph
Hill because I don't like hiking very much. Finally I haven't visited Alcatraz Island. The tour
there is very expensive.

[1] Hi mom, I’m calling you from New York City!

‐ visit the Statue of Liberty ‐ buy some souvenirs

‐ watch a Yankees baseball game ‐ practice my English
‐ see many strange people ‐ walk up the Empire State
Building

[2] Hi Dad, I’m writing you from Sydney!

‐ take many pictures ‐ buy a surfboard

‐ make many new friends ‐ send lots of postcards
‐ study very hard ‐ fly on a helicopter

[3] Dear Murray,

I am writing you this postcard from Canada!

‐ see a bear ‐ ride a horse

‐ swim in Lake Ontario ‐ climb a mountain
‐ camp in the National Park ‐ catch many fish
[4] Hi Mom, I’m phoning from Hawaii.

‐ watch the volcano smoking ‐ go scuba diving

‐ try surfing in the waves ‐ learn how to paddle a canoe
‐ drive a boat ‐ swim with a dolphin

[5] Hi mom, I’m calling you from Rome!

‐ visit the Coliseum ‐ drink some red wine

‐ watch a bull fight ‐ practice my Spanish
‐ eat a lot of pasta ‐ go to the Vatican Museum

[6] Hi mom, I’m calling you from London!

‐ visit Buckingham Palace ‐ ride the London Eye Giant Wheel

‐ picnic in Hyde Park ‐ practice my English
‐ eat fish and chips ‐ go to the London Bridge

[7] Hi mom, I’m calling you from Brazil!

‐ visit a World Cup Soccer Stadium ‐ see Copacabana Beach

‐ climb Sugarloaf Mountain ‐ trek in the Amazon Rain Forest
‐ eat local Brazilian food ‐ go surfing at the beach

[8] Now make some of your own ideas. Where is your dream vacation?

‐ Tokyo ‐ Paris ‐ Madrid ‐ Bombay ‐ Switzerland

‐ Mexico ‐ Jamaica ‐ Bangkok ‐ Moscow ‐ South Africa

 Homework
[1] Look at the different "to do" lists from different people. Write a present perfect sentence
for each job. If it is done then use the positive present perfect, and if it is not done then
use the negative present perfect sentence.

To Study List To Clean List

‐ finish Math homework ‐ clean the fish aquarium
‐ write an essay about a hero ‐ put away my clean clothes
‐ read two novels for English class ‐ wash the dishes in the kitchen
‐ research some facts about the Moon ‐ pick up my dirty clothes from the floor
‐ paint a scenery picture ‐ sweep the kitchen floor
‐ do a book report on one novel ‐ take out the garbage and recycling
‐ find a good website about travel ‐ make the beds

To Study List:
__I have finished my Math Homework._________________________
yet
__I haven't written an essay about a hero._______________________
_________________________________________________________
I have read two novels for English class.
_________________________________________________________
I have researched some facts about the moon.
_________________________________________________________
I haven't painted a scenery picture yet.
_________________________________________________________
I have done a book report on one novel.
_________________________________________________________
I haven't found a good website about travel.

To Clean List:
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

[2] Finish these contractions.

I have  ___________ You have __________ We have  ________
He has  __________ She has  ___________ Have not  ________
It has  ___________ They have  _________ Has not  ________

Writing Assignment:
Write a paragraph explaining what you have and haven't done today.
 LESSON 42 / Target Language – Would like
PRESENTATION:
[1] -Focus on why we use present perfect rather than past tense with students. Explain that we want to
know some information from a past event that might have an impact on a decision or discussion we
are having in the present. When the actions happened in the past are not important.
ANSWERS: Quick Grammar Exercise - Write the question for the answer provided.
[1] Have you ever gone snowboarding?
-Yes, I have gone snowboarding.
[2] Have you been to the dentist this year?
- No, I haven’t been to the dentist this year.
[3] Have you traveled to America?
- Sure, I have traveled in America many times.
[4] Have you ever ridden in a helicopter?
- Nope, I have never ridden in a helicopter.
PRACTICE:
[1] - go over the different contractions and drill the students on the correct pronunciations of them.
ANSWERS I have  I've You have  You've We have  We've
He has  He's She has  She's Have not  Haven't
It has  It's They have  They've Has not  Hasn't
[2] -students now find where to contract in the sentences, circle them and change them to the contraction.
ANSWERS
[1] I've never been to Mexico. [2] We've never met.
[3] He's been to the Lotte Hotel before. [4] I have'nt read “Hunger Games” in English.
[5] She hasn't flown on an airplane. [6] It's made a big mess in the kitchen.
[7] They've written a new book. [8] You've won first prize in the English speech competition.
[9] I think he's sent you a text message already. [10] Did you know they haven't signed up for Facebook yet?
PRODUCTION:
[1] -have s/s in pairs or small groups using the “Have You Ever Questions” exercise
-students first fill out the table with the past simple and past participle conjugations of the verbs.
-point out the different between regular (ed) verbs and irregular verbs.
Present Past Past Present Past Past
Simple Simple Participle Simple Simple Participle
play played played see saw seen
visit visited visited drive drove driven
take took taken eat ate eaten
sleep slept slept read read read
write wrote written buy bought bought
fly flew flown find found found
send sent sent live lived lived
drink drank drunk ride rode ridden
have had had go went gone
make made made lose lost lost
win won won finish finished finished
[2] -have students in pairs or small groups using the table of verbs they have just completed.
-one student makes a "Have you ever" question for their partner and their partner answers it with
either "Yes I have" or " No, I haven't" If they answer with yes they need to add one more sentence
to explain it more in detail. And if they answer no they need to add one more sentence to tell why
they haven't done or experienced that.
[3] -have students in pairs or small groups using the "My Vacations" Activity.
-first students mark the six activities from each destination with an X=not done / O=done
-next they speak a short story about how their "ongoing and imaginary" vacation is going so far.
-they use the present perfect to introduce what they have or haven't done then add a second sentence
 to describe each activity in more detail.
-then they switch and the other partners takes a turn with a new destination
HOMEWORK:
[1] -have students complete the To Do Lists with either positive or negative present perfect sentences.
ANSWERS:
To Study List:
__I have finished my Math Homework._________________________
__I haven't written an essay about a hero._______________________
__I have read two novels for English class._______________________
__I have researched some facts about the Moon._________________
__I haven't painted a scenery picture.__________________________
__I have done a book report on one novel.______________________
__I haven't found a good website about travel.___________________

To Clean List:
__I haven't cleaned the fish aquarium.__________________________
__I have put away my clean clothes.____________________________
__I have washed the dishes.__________________________________
__I haven't picked up my dirty clothes off the floor._______________
__I have swept the kitchen floor.______________________________
__I haven't taken out the garbage and recycling.__________________
__I have made the beds._____________________________________

[2] -have students complete the contractions.

ANSWERS I have  I've You have  You've We have  We've
He has  He's She has  She's Have not  Haven't
It has  It's They have  They've Has not  Hasn't

[3] -have students write in a paragraph form about what they have and haven't done today.
-make sure they have a good topic sentence to begin the paragraph and use linking words within
the text.