DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

M.Sc. PHYSICS
(Four Semesters /Full Time)

Curriculum Structure TOTAL CREDITS: 96

Semester - I
Distribution of
COURSE No. of
S. No. COURSE TITLE Marks
CODE Credits
SA UE Total
Theory
1. MPH-111 Classical Mechanics and 4 40 60 100
Relativity
2. MPH-112 Mathematical Physics 4 40 60 100
3. MPH-113 Numerical Methods and 4 40 60 100
Programming (C++)
4. MPH-114 Electronics 4 40 60 100
5. MPH-115 Quantum Mechanics-I 4 40 60 100
Practical
1. MPH-116 General Physics Lab 2 25 25 50
2 MPH-117 Electronics Lab 2 25 25 50
Total 24 25 35 600
0 0
SA: Sessional Assessment
UE: University Examination
Semester – II
Distribution of
S.
COURSE Credi Marks
No. COURSE TITLE
CODE ts S
UE Total
A
Theory
1. MPH-211 Quantum Mechanics-II 4 40 60 100
2. MPH-212 Thermodynamics and Statistical 4 40 60 100
Physics
3. MPH-213 Atomic Physics and Molecular 4 40 60 100
Spectroscopy
4. MPH-214 Electrodynamics 4 40 60 100
5. MPH-215 Seminar 2 50 - 50
Choice based open elective course
Student are required to opt any one of the following courses
1. IT. 04 40 60 100
Soft skills in Information Technology
202
2. Comp. 203 Computer Applications and 04 40 60 100
Operations
3. Bio. 04 40 60 100
Fundamentals of Biotechnology
204
4. Bot. 04 40 60 100
Mysteries of Green Plants
205
5. Bot. 04 40 60 100
Botany in Rural Development
206
6. Zol. 04 40 60 100
Nutrition, Health and Hygiene
207
7. Arab. 04 40 60 100
Fundamentals of Arabic Language
208
8. Eng. 04 40 60 100
Applied English
209
9. Edu. 04 40 60 100
Higher Education
210
10. Eco. 04 40 60 100
Principles of Banking
211

1
 11. HT. Basics of Tourism and Travel 04 40 60 100
212 Agencies
12. HT. 04 40 60 100
Tourism Resources of J and K
213
13. Mgt. Business communication and soft 04 40 60 100
214 skills
14. Edu. 04 40 60 100
Instructional Technology
215
Practical
1. MPH-216 Advanced General Physics Lab 2 25 25 50
Total 24 27 325 600
5

Semester – III

Distribution of
S.N COURSE Credi Marks
COURSE TITLE
o. CODE ts S
UE Total
A
Theory
1. MPH-311 Condensed Matter Physics ( General) 4 40 60 100
2. MPH-312 Nuclear Physics (General) 4 40 60 100
3. MPH-313 Condensed Matter Physics ( Special) 4 40 60 100
4. MPH-314 Nuclear Physics (Special) 4 40 60 100
Choice based Complementary Electives
(Students are required to choose any two of the following courses)
1. Materials Science and
MPH-331 4 40 60 100
Characterization
2. MPH-332 Biomedical Instrumentation 4 40 60 100
3. MPH-333 Signal Processing and Comm. 4 40 60 100
4. MPH-334 Biophotonics 4 40 60 100
5. MPH-335 Thin film Science and Technology 4 40 60 100
6. MPH-336 Nanoscience and Technology 4 40 60 100
7. MPH-337 Satellite Comm. and Remote sensing 4 40 60 100
8. MPH-338 Radiation Physics 4 40 60 100
9. Digital Electronics and
MPH-339 4 40 60 100
Microprocessor

PRACTICAL
1. MPH- 315 Project work – Phase I 25 225 50
2. MPH- 316 Advanced Electronics Lab 25 225 50
Total 2524
350 600
0
Note: The students are required to choose one special paper for
specialization either in Nuclear or condensed Matter Physics

Semester – IV

Distribution of
COURSE Credi
S. No COURSE TITLE Marks
CODE ts
SA UE Total
Theory
1. MPH-411 Condensed Matter Physics 4 40 60 100
( General)
2. MPH-412 Nuclear Physics (General) 4 40 60 100
3. MPH-413 Condensed Matter Physics 4 40 60 100
( Special)
4. MPH-414 Nuclear Physics (Special) 4 40 60 100
Choice based Complementary Electives
(The students are required to choose any two of the following courses)
1. MPH-441 Nanophotonics 4 40 60 100
2. MPH-442 Chaos and Solitons 4 40 60 100

2
 3. MPH-443 Nonlinear Optics and Materials 4 40 60 100
4. MPH-444 Nonlinear Fibre Optics 4 40 60 100
Advanced Optics And Laser
5. MPH-445 4 40 60 100
Technology
6. MPH-446 Astrophysics 4 40 60 100
Practical
1 MPH-415 Project work – Phase II 4 -- 100 100
Total 24 26 34 600
0 0
Note: The students are required to choose one special paper for specialization
either in Nuclear or condensed Matter Physics

3
 Semester I

Course Title: CLASSICAL MECHANICS AND RELATIVITY

Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-111 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4 Internal
Assessments: 40

OBJECTIVE

 To understand the basic concepts in Classical Mechanics.

 To have a comprehensive idea on the Hamiltonian & Langrangian formulation.
 To gain the knowledge on rigid body and relativistic mechanics.

UNIT - I:

FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES AND LAGRANGIAN FORMULATIONS: Constraints – Generalised

coordinates- Principle of Virtual work- D’Alembert’s Principle -Lagrange’s equations of motion –
conservative and Non-conservative forces-Applications : L-C circuit – one dimensional harmonic oscillator.
Central force and motion in a plane – Equation of motion under central force and first integrals-Differential
equation for an orbit – Inverse square law of force- Kepler’s laws of planetary motion and their deduction-
Virial theorem.
12
UNIT-II:

HAMILTONIAN FORMULATION: Hamiltonian function H-Physical significance-Hamilton’s canonical

equations of motion -Applications :simple pendulum – Motion of a particle in a central force field- charged
particle in an electromagnetic field- Hamilton’s Variational principle- proof-Derivation of Lagrange’s
equations-Principle of Least Action –its deduction, phase space and Liouville’s Theorem.
12
UNIT-III:

POINT TRANSFORMATIONS AND GENERATION FUNCTIONS

Canonical Transformations, Generating function, Poisson’s and Lagrange’s brackets, properties, relation
between them, The Hamilton – Jacobi equation, Kepler’s problem -solution by Hamilton – Jacobi method,
Action and angle variables , transition to quantum world.
12
UNIT-IV:

RIGID BODY DYNAMICS AND SMALL OSCILLATIONS: Independent coordinates- Euler’s angles –
Components of Angular velocity in terms of Euler’s angles –Angular momentum of a rigid body –Moments
and products of inertia- Euler’s equations of motion for a rigid body. Theory of small oscillations-frequencies
of free vibration and normal coordinates-two coupled harmonic oscillators-vibrations of a linear triatomic
molecule.
12
UNIT-V:

RELATIVISTIC MECHANICS :Basic postulates of special theory of relativity – variation of mass with
velocity – Relativistic energy – Mass- energy relation – Force in relativistic mechanics – The Lagrangian and
Hamiltonian of a particle in relativistic mechanics, Minkowski space and Lorentz transformations – Four
vectors – position, momentum and acceleration four vector.

12
Note for Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

4
Text Books
1. H. Goldstein, C. Poole and J. Safko, Classical Mechanics, 3nd edition, Addison &
Wesley (2000).
2. W. Greiner, Classical Mechanics, Springer-Verlag (2003).
3. W. Greiner, Classical Mechanics – Point particles and Relativity, Springer (1989).

References

1. Goldstein. H, Classical Mechanics, Third edition, Narosa Publishing Home, New

Delhi, 2002.
2. Upadhyaya. J. C., Classical Mechanics, Himalaya Publishing House, 2010.
3. Marion and Thorntron, Classical Dynamics of Particles and Systems, Fifth Edition,
Holt Rinehart & Winston, 2012.
4. Panat P.V., Classical Mechanics, Narosa Publishing Home, New Delhi, 2008.
5. Rana. N.C and Joag P. S., Classical Mechanics,Tata Mc-Graw Hill Publishing
Company Limited, New Delhi, 2004.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts on Classical Mechanics.
 The theorems relating to the nonlinear bodies.
 The various aspects of dynamics and oscillations of bodies.

5
 Semester I

Course Title: MATHEMATICAL PHYSICS

Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-112 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

OBJECTIVE

 To understand the basic concepts in Mathematical Physics.

 To have an overall idea about the use of mathematical methods in physics.

UNIT-I:
VECTORS AND TENSORS: Vector analysis: Gradient –Divergence –Curl-second order
derivatives – Gauss’s theorem-Stoke’s theorem-Green’s theorem – Curvilinear
coordinates-spherical polar-cylindrical coordinates. Tensor analysis : Cartesian tensors –
law of transformation of first and second order tensors- addition, subtraction and
multiplication of tensors –rank ,covariant, contravariant and mixed tensors- symmetric
and antisymmetric tensors-Quotient law.
12
UNIT-II:

2nd ORDER LINEAR DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS AND SPECIAL FUNCTIONS:

Legendre, Bessel and Laguerre differential equations, series solutions, generating
functions, recurrence relations. Hermite function, Laguerre functions, associated
Legendre Functions.
12
UNIT-III:

COMPLEX VARIABLES: Functions of complex variables – single and many valued

functions, analytic functions, Cauchy, Riemann equations –conjugate functions –
complex line integrals-Cauchy’s integral theorem-integral formula – Taylor and Laurent
expansions –zeros and singularities – residues –Cauchy’s Residue theorem and its
applications for evaluation of integrals.
12
UNIT-IV:

FOURIER SERIES TRANSFORM, VECTOR SPACES AND GREEN FUNCTIONS:

Fourier series and their applications, Fourier Transform–properties application: heat
conduction, and vibrating membranes Laplace Transformation, properties and
applications to electronic circuits.
12
UNIT-V:

GROUP THEORY: Basic definitions – group – subgroups-classes- Isomorphism-

Homomorphism – cosets- Normal subgroups-factor groups – point groups-space groups-
The great orthogonality theorem- representations – Unliterary representations –
character tables for C3v groups – rotation groups – SU(1), SU(2) & SU(3) groups.
12
Note for Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Text Books
1. G. B. Arfken and H.J. Weber, Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 5th edition,
Academic Press (2001).
2. E. Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 8 th edition, John Wiley & Sons Inc.
(1999).

6
3. Mathematical Methods in the Physical Sciences, 3rd edition, Mary L. Boas, WileyIndia
(2011).

References

1. Chattopadhyay. P.K, Mathematical Physics, 3 rd Edition, New Academic Science,

2014.
2. Arfken. G and Weber.H. J Mathematical Methods for Physicists, 4th ed. Physicists
Prism Books, Bangalore, 1995.
3. Joshi. A. W, Matrices and Tensors in Physics, 3 rd edition, Wiley Eastern Ltd., New
Delhi, 1995.
4. Gupta. B. D., Mathematical Physics, 4th edition, Vikas Publishing House Pvt
Limited, 2007.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts on Mathematical Sciences.

7
 Semester I

Course Title: NUMERICAL METHODS AND PROGRAMMING Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-113 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To understand the basic Numerical methods and programming.
 To have an idea to apply numerical methods into research areas.

UNIT-I

Errors And The Measurements: Errors and their computations – General formula for
errors – Errors of observation and measurement – Round of errors and Computer
Arithmetic – Empirical formula – Graphical method – method of averages – Least square
fitting – curve fitting – parabola, exponential – Algorithms and convergence.

12

UNIT-II

Numerical Solution of Algebraic And Transcendental Equations :The iteration

method – the bisection method – the method of false position – Newton – Raphson
method. Simultaneous linear algebraic equations: Direct methods – Gauss elimination
method – Gauss – Jordan method – Iterative method – Jacobi’s method – Gauss Seidel
iterative method.

12

UNIT-III

Interpolation: Finite differences – Interpolation – Gregory – Newton forward

interpolation of Newton’s formula – Backward differences – Newton’s Backward
interpolation formula – central differences – Gauss’s forward and backward formula –
Stirling’s formula – Divided differences – Newton’s divided difference formula –
Lagrange’s interpolation formula.
12
UNIT-IV

Numerical Differentiation And Integration : Introduction – Numerical differentiation

– Errors in numerical differentiation – The cubic spline method – Maximum and Minimum
values of a tabulated function – Numerical integration – Trapezoidal rule – simpson’s
rule – Extended Simpson’s rule – Use of cubic splines – Romberg integration – Newton –
Cotes Integration formulae – Euler – Maclaurin formula – Adaptive quadrature method –
Gaussian integration.

12

UNIT-V

Programming With C: Introduction to C programming-program control-logical

compares-functions, variables and prototypes-C preprocessor- strings, arrays-pointers-
standard input & output-structures, Unions-bitwise operators.
12

Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

8
Textbooks

1. Samuel D. Conte and Carl de Boor, Elementary Numerical Analysis, 3rd edition,
Tata McGraw-Hill (2010).
2. M.K. Jain, S.R.K. Iyengar, R.K. Jain, Numerical Methods for Scientific and
Engineering Computation, New Age International (1993).
3. Srimantha Pal, Numerical Methods, Oxford University Press (2009).

References

1. Sastry, S.S., Introduction of Numerical Analysis, Fifth Edition, Prentice Hall of

India, New Delhi, 2012.
2. Gerald C.F., Wheatley P.O., Applied Numerical Analysis, Seventh Edition, Addison
Wesley, Singapore, 2003.
3. Kandasamy, P., Thilakavthy, K and Gunavathy K., Numerical Methods,
S.Chand and Co., New Delhi, 2006.
4. Grewal B.S., Grewal J.S., Numerical Methods in Engineering and Science,
Khanna Publishers, New Delhi, 1999.
5. Balagurusamy, E, Programming in Ansi C, 4th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2008.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts of numerical methods and programming

9
 Semester I

Course Title: ELECTRONICS

Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-114 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To understand the fundamentals of working of semiconductor diodes
 To know the operations of special devices
 To comprehend the characteristics of devices and its applications

UNIT-I

SEMICONDUCTOR DIODES:The continuity equation – Application of the continuity

equation for an abrupt PN junction under forward and reverse bias – Einstein equation –
Varactor diode – Schottky diode – Tunnel diode – Gunn diode – Optoelectronic diodes –
LASER diode, LED and photo diode.
12
UNIT-II

SPECIAL SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES: JFET- Structure and working – I -V

Characteristics under different conditions – biasing circuits – CS amplifier design – ac
analysis – MOSFET: Depletion and Enhancement type MOSFFT – UJT characteristics –
relaxation oscillator – SCR characteristics .
12
UNIT-III

OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIER :Operational amplifier characteristics – inverting and non-

inverting amplifier – instrumentation amplifier – voltage follower –integrating and
differential circuits –log & antilog amplifiers – opamp as comparator – Voltage to current
and current to voltage conversions-active filters : lowpass, high pass, band pass & band
rejection filters-Solving simultaneous and differential equations.
12
UNIT – IV

OP-AMP APPLICATIONS (OSCILLATORS & CONVERTORS):Wien Bridge, phase shift

oscillators and twin-T oscillators – triangular, saw-tooth and square wave generators-
Schmitt’s trigger – sample and hold circuits – Voltage control oscillator – phase locked
loops. Basic D to A conversion: weighted resistor DAC – Binary R-2R ladder DAC – Basic
A to D conversion: counter type ADC – successive approximation converter – dual slope
ADC.
12
UNIT -V

IC FABRICATION AND IC TIMER: Basic monolithic ICs – epitaxial growth – masking –

etching impurity diffusion-fabricating monolithic resistors, diodes, transistors, inductors
and capacitors – circuit layout – contacts and inter connections – charge coupled device
– applications of CCDs.555 timer.
12

Note for Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Text Books
1. J. Milman and C.C. Halkias, Electronic Devices and Circuits, McGraw-Hill (1981).
2. Albert Malvino, David J Bates, Electronics Principles, Tata McGraw-Hill (2007).

10
3. R.J. Higgins, Electronics with Digital and Analogue Integrated Circuits, Prentice Hall
(1983).

References

1. Floyd L, Electronic Devices, Pearson Education, 8th edition, New York, 2009.
2. Milman.J and Halkias.C.C, Integrated Electronics, McGraw Hill, 1972
3. Roy Choudhary. D, Linear Integrated Circuits, 3 rd edition, New Academic Science
Ltd, 2010.
4. Mottershead, A., Electronic Devices and Circuits - An Introduction, Prentice Hall
of India, 2003.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Fundamentals of working of semiconductor and special devices
 Applications of electronic devices

11
 Semester I

Course Title: QUANTUM MECHANICS-I

Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-115 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective

 To study the basic concepts of quantum mechanics.

 To understand the different equations & principles used in quantum mechanics.

UNIT-I

Operators & wave packets:

Operators: Definition and properties, Linear operators, Hermitian operators,
Representation of operators as matrices. Matrix representation of the rotation
operators, Unitary transformation and its significance. self adjoint, Parity operators,
brief discussion about failure of classical mechanics, wave packets (one and three
dimensional), Motion of wave Packet (phase velocity and group velocity), wave packet
in momentum space, uncertainty relations and spread of wave packet.
12

UNIT-II

Basics of Quantum Mechanics

Schrodinger time independent and dependent equations, Interpretation of wave
function, Orthogonality, normalization, expectation values of Eigen functions (problems
related with these properties), Symmetric and anti-symmetric wavefunction postulates
of quantum mechanics, stationary States, probability current density, equation of
continuity, Ehrenfest’s theorem.
12

UNIT-III
Application of Schrodinger equation: solutions to a one and three dimensional box,
linear harmonic oscillator, square well potential, spherically symmetric potential , Rigid
rotator, hydrogen atom: energy eigen values and complete wave function (Y100).

12
UNIT-IV
Equation Of Motion And Angular Momentum: Bra and Ket notations, matrix
representation of wave function and operators Schrödinger & Heisenberg picture of
motion, Raising and lowering operator, Angular momentum operators, commutation
relation of angular momentum operator with r & p, operators for orbital angular
momentum L in spherical polar coordinates.

12
Unit -V
Advanced operations of Angular Momentum: Matrix representation commutation
relation of J2, Jz J+, J-, Jx, Jy for J = ½, 1. Clebsch Gordon Coefficients, Calculation of C.G.
coefficients when (1) J1 = ½, J2 = ½, (2) J1 = ½, J2 = 1. Pauli;s spin matrices and their
properties. Eigen values and Eigen functions of S 2 and Sz.
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two

12
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Text Books
1. P.M. Mathews and K. Venkatesan, A Textbook of Quantum Mechanics, Tata McGraw-
Hill (1976).
2. J.L. Powell and B. Crasemann, Quantum Mechanics, Narosa Publishing House (1993).
3. J.J. Sakurai, Modern Quantum Mechanics, Addison-Wesley (1999).
4. Quantum Mechanics, Aruldhas, Prentice Hall of India (2006).

References
1. Mathews P.M. and Venkatesan K., A Textbook of Quantum Mechanics, Tata
McGraw Hill, 1977.
2. Schiff I. Leonard, Quantum mechanics, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company,
1968.
3. Merzbacker E., Quantum Mechanics, Wiley Publishers , 4 th Edition, 1991.
4. Satya Prakash, Quantum Mechanics, Sultan Chand Publishers, New Delhi, 2004.
5. John L. Powell and Bernd Crasemann, Quantum Mechanics, Narosa Publishing
House, 1988.

Outcome
At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Basics of quantum mechanics.
 Various physics concepts in the light of quantum mechanics.

13
 Semester I

Course Title: GENERAL PHYSICS LAB

Maximum Marks: 50
Course Code: MPH-116 University
Examination: 25
Credits: 2
Sessional Assessment: 25

List of Experiments

1. Determination of e/m by Thomson’s Method.

2. Determination of Planks constant by photo-cell .
3. Determination of type of semiconductor by Four Probe method.
4. Determination of Hall Coefficient of Semiconductor.
5. Determination of Velocity and Compressibility of ultrasonic waves in liquid
6. Determination of Stefan’s constant by pyrometer.
7. Determination of refractive index of a given liquid using Hollow prism method.
8. Determination of absorbance using spectrophotometer.

Note: Experiments will be performed as per the availability of source in

Department/University.

14
 Semester I

Course Title: Electronics Lab. Maximum

Marks: 50
Course Code: MPH-117 University
Examination: 25
Credits: 2
Sessional Assessment: 25

List Of Experiments

1. Determination of IV characteristics of different diodes.

2. Determination of input/out characteristics of NPN/PNP Transistors (different
modes).
3. Determination of input/out characteristics of JFET/MOSFET.
4. Basic power electronics.

Note: Experiments will be performed as per the availability of source in

Department/University.

15
 Semester – II
S. Distribution of
COURSE Credi Marks
No. COURSE TITLE
CODE ts SA UE Total
Theory
1. MPH-211 Quantum Mechanics-II 4 40 60 100
2. MPH-212 Thermodynamics and Statistical 4 40 60 100
Physics
3. MPH-213 Atomic Physics and Molecular 4 40 60 100
Spectroscopy
4. MPH-214 Electrodynamics 4 40 60 100
5. MPH-215 Seminar 2 50 - 50
Choice based open elective course
Student are required to opt any one of the following courses
1. IT. 04 40 60 100
Soft skills in Information Technology
202
2. Comp. 203 Computer Applications and 04 40 60 100
Operations
3. Bio. 04 40 60 100
Fundamentals of Biotechnology
204
4. Bot. 04 40 60 100
Mysteries of Green Plants
205
5. Bot. 04 40 60 100
Botany in Rural Development
206
6. Zol. 04 40 60 100
Nutrition, Health and Hygiene
207
7. Arab. 208 Fundamentals of Arabic Language 04 40 60 100
8. Eng. 04 40 60 100
Applied English
209
9. Edu. 04 40 60 100
Higher Education
210
10. Eco. 04 40 60 100
Principles of Banking
211
11. HT. Basics of Tourism and Travel 04 40 60 100
212 Agencies
12. HT. 04 40 60 100
Tourism Resources of J and K
213
13. Mgt. Business communication and soft 04 40 60 100
214 skills
14. Edu. 04 40 60 100
Instructional Technology
215
Practical
1. MPH-216 Advanced General Physics Lab 2 25 25 50
Total 24 27 325 600
5
SA: Sessional Assessment
UE: University Examination

16
 Semester II
Course Title: QUANTUM MECHANICS-II
Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-211 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective

 To study the basic perturbation theory in quantum mechanics.

 To understand the different approximation methods used in quantum mechanics.

UNIT-I
Perturbation theory: Equations in various orders of perturbation theory (time
independent ), the non- degenerate case, first and second order, Stark effect, Zeeman
effect, Application to excited states: Helium atom, time dependent perturbation theory
harmonic perturbation (transition probability and Fermi-Golden Rule).

12

UNIT-II
Approximation Methods: Adiabatic approximation, sudden approximation, Variation
technique, its applications. W.K.B approximation, WKB applications (bound state
problem and tunneling).

12
UNIT-III

Scattering Theory-I: Differential and total scattering cross-sections, scattering

amplitude, relation between differential scattering cross/section and scattering
amplitude, Partial wave analysis, expression for scattering amplitude and total
scattering cross section in terms of Phase shifts, scattering by a perfectly rigid sphere
and by square well potential, Deduction of optical theorem from scattering cross
section.

12
UNIT-IV
Scattering Theory-II: Green’s function method for scattering, derivation of scattering
amplitude and born approximation, validity of Born approximation, Application of Born
approximation to square well, Yukawa and screen coulomb potential, symmetric and
anti symmetric wave function

12

UNIT-V

17
Relativistic Quantum Mechanics: K.G. equation , charge and current densities ,
Dirac’s equation ,Dirac matrices- properties spinors, spin of Dirac’s particle, Negative
energy states- spin magnetic moment. Introduction to quantum field theory.

Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Text Books
1. P.M. Mathews and K. Venkatesan, A Textbook of Quantum Mechanics, Tata McGraw-
Hill (1976).
2. J.L. Powell and B. Crasemann, Quantum Mechanics, Narosa Publishing House (1993).
3. J.J. Sakurai, Modern Quantum Mechanics, Addison-Wesley (1999).
4. Quantum Mechanics, Aruldhas, Prentice Hall of India (2006).

References
1. Mathews P.M. and Venkatesan K., A Textbook of Quantum Mechanics, Tata
McGraw Hill, 1977.
2. Schiff I. Leonard, Quantum mechanics, Third Edition, McGraw-Hill Book Company,
1968.
3. Merzbacker E., Quantum Mechanics, Wiley Publishers , 4 th Edition, 1991.
4. Satya Prakash, Quantum Mechanics, Sultan Chand Publishers, New Delhi, 2004.
5. John L. Powell and Bernd Crasemann, Quantum Mechanics, Narosa Publishing
House, 1988.

Outcome
At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Basics of quantum mechanics.
 Various physics concepts in the light of quantum mechanics.

18
 Semester II

Course Title: THERMODYNAMICS AND STATISTICAL PHYSICS Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-212 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To understand the concepts of thermodynamics
 To know the fundamentals of statistical physics
 To understand the quantum laws governing particles

UNIT-I
12

Review Of Thermodynamics: Energy and first law of thermodynamics – entropy and

second law of thermodynamics – Nernst heat theorem and third law of thermodynamics
– consequences of Nernst heat theorem – heat capacity and specific heat – Maxwell’s
thermodynamic relations and potentials - Gibb’s - Helmholtz relations- thermodynamic
equilibria.

UNIT-II
12

Statistical Description Of System Of Particles: Statistical formulation of a state

system, calculation of pressure using time independent scenario-phase space, density
distribution in phase space, Liouville’s theorem-equation of motion and Liouville’s
theorem, ensembles- types and ensemble average- equal apriori probability – statistical
equilibrium – isolated system – system in contact with heat reservoir - calculation of
mean values in a canonical ensemble and connection with thermo dynamics.

UNIT-III
12

Simple Applications: Concept of partition function – their properties- ideal monatomic

Gas- calculation of thermo dynamic quantities – Gibb’s paradox- equipartition theorem –
proof – simple application -Harmonic oscillator- characteristics of crystalline solids –
specific heat by Einstein model- Debye’s modification.

UNIT-IV
12

19
Quantum Statistics Of Ideal Gases: Identical particles- symmetry requirements –
formulation of statistical problems – quantum distribution functions from partition
function: Photon, Fermi-Dirac and Bose – Einstein statistics- chemical potential – Bose-
Einstein condensation.

UNIT-V
12

Phase Transitions :General remarks on phase transitions- First and Second order –
non ideal gas –calculation of partition function for low densities – equation of state and
Virial coefficients- derivation of Vander Wall’s equation – spin – spin interaction – one
dimensional model – Weiss molecular field approximation.
12
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Textbooks:
1. M.W. Zeemansky and R.H. Dittman, Heat and Thermodynamics, 8th edition, Mc-Graw
Hill (2011).
2. K. Haung, Statistical Mechanics, 2nd edition, Wiley India (2010).
3. F.W. Sears and G.L. Salinger, Thermodynamics, Kinetic Theory and Statistical
Thermodynamics, 3rd edition, Narosa Publishing House (1998).

References
1. Frederick Reif, Fundamentals of statistical and thermal physics, McGraw-Hill,
2008.
2. Agarwal B.K. and Eisner M, Statistical Mechanics, 2nd Edition, New Age
International, New Delhi, 1998.
3. Sears F.W and Salinger G.L, Thermodynamics, kinetic theory and statistical
thermodynamics, Narosa publishing House, 1998.
4. Huang. K, Statistical Mechanics, Wiley Eastern Ltd., 2 nd Edition, New Delhi,
1987.
5. Bhattacharjee J.K, Statistical Mechanics: An Introductory Text, Allied
Publication, New Delhi, 1996.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Fundamentals of thermodynamic systems
 Various statistical laws governing the particles

20
 Semester II

Course Title: ATOMIC PHYSICS AND MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-213 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

4004
Objective
 To have a knowledge on the applications of Spectroscopy
 To understand spectroscopy on the basis of quantum mechanics

UNIT-I
12

Atomic And Molecular Structure: Spin–orbit interaction, Alkali atoms – Doublet

separation– intensities , Complex atoms , Coupling schemes , energy levels , Selection
rules and intensities in dipole transition, Paschen –Back effect, hydrogen ion, hydrogen
molecule, covalent bond, Heitler – London theory , atomic and molecular hybrid
orbitals.

UNIT-II
12

Raman Spectroscopy: Semi classical treatment of emission and absorption of

radiation – emission and absorption coefficients – spontaneous and induced emission of
radiation – polarisability – Rayleigh scattering – Raman effect – basic principles of
Raman Scattering – vibrational and rotational Raman spectra – Experimental techniques
of Raman Spectroscopy – molecular structure studies – Laser as a Raman source.

UNIT III
12

Infrared And Microwave Spectroscopy :Characteristic features of pure rotation –

vibration – rotation vibration – of a diatomic molecule (harmonic and as anharmonic
oscillator) – theory – evaluation of molecular constants – IR spectra of polyatomic
molecules – experimental techniques of IR – Dipole moment studies – molecular
structure determination.

UNIT IV
12

NMR And ESR Spectroscopy: NMR spectroscopy Basic principles- classical and
quantum mechanical techniques - Bloch equations- spin- spin and spin- lattice
relaxation times- experimental technique, ESR spectroscopy- basic principles- ESR
spectrometer (simple experimental set up for ESR), Nuclear interaction and hyperfine
structure- Relaxation effects- ‘g’ factor, biological applications, Mossbauer
spectroscopy: principle experimental arrangement, chemical shift, quadrupole splitting,
applications

UNIT -V
12

X-ray Spectroscopy: Production of X-rays, reflection and refraction of X-rays,

Continuous X-ray spectrum, Characteristic emission spectrum, Characteristic absorption
spectrum, Comparison of Optical and X-ray spectra, Molseley’s law and its applications,
monochromatization of X-rays, explanation of emission and absorption spectra, fine
structure of X-ray levels, the fluorescence yield and Auger effect, detection and
determination of relative intensity of X-rays.

12
Note For Paper Setter

21
The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Text Books
1. C.N. Banwell, Fundamentals of Molecular Spectroscopy, 4th edition, McGraw-Hill, New
York (2004).
2. G. Aruldhas, Molecular Structure and Spectroscopy, Prientice Hall of India, NewDelhi
(2002).

References

1. Sune Svanberg, Atomic and Molecular spectroscopy, 3rd Edition, Springer

Publishers, 2012
2. Jain V. K.,Introduction to Atomic And Molecular Spectroscopy, Alpha Science Intl
Publishers, 2007.
3. Colin N. Banwell and Elaine M. McCash, Fundamentals of Molecular
spectroscopy, McGraw-Hill College, 1994.
4. Jeanne L. McHale , Molecular spectroscopy, Prentice Hall, 1994.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Basic ideas about the concepts of spectroscopy
 Comparisons between different spectroscopic studies.

22
 Semester II

Course Title: ELECTRODYNAMICS

Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-214 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective

 To understand the concepts electromagnetic potentials.

 To have an idea on the relativistic nature of electrodynamics.

UNIT-I

Time Varying: Fields :Vector & scalar potentials, Multipole expansion of E&B,
Derivation of Maxwell’s electromagnetic equations-wave equation in one
dimension-displacement current, Poynting’s theorem, Gauge transformation-
Lorentz and Coulomb’s Gauge transformations
12
UNIT-II

Electromagnetic Wave interactions: Plane wave in a non-conducting

medium-boundary conditions-reflection and transmission of electromagnetic
wave at oblique incidence-total internal reflection-Brewster’s angle-frequency
dispersion – characteristics of dielectrics.
12
UNIT-III

Acelerated potentials : Retarded potentials, Lienard-Wiechert Potentials,

Potentials for a charge ion in uniform motion, fields of an accelerated charge,
Radiation from an accelerated charged particles at low velocity, Linear and
Circular acceleration and angular distribution of power Radiated.
12

UNIT-IV
EM waves sources: Bremsstrahlung, Synchrotron radiation and Cerenkov
radiation, reaction force of radiation. Motion of charged particles in
electromagnetic field, uniform E and B fields, Non-uniform fields, Diffusion
across magnetic fields. Time varying E and B fields, Adiabatic Invariants: first,
second third Adiabatic invariants.
12

UNIT-V

Relativistic Electrodynamics:Transformation for space and time in four

vector form – invariance of D’Alembertian operator – invariance of Maxwell’s
field equations in terms of four vector – electromagnetic field tensors –
Maxwells equations in co-variance four tensors form – Lorentz transformation of
electromagnetic fields – in variance of electromagnetic field.
12

Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be
compulsory and will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting
answers not exceeding 20 words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks,
each carrying one mark equally distributed from all units. Section B will be

23
contain 10 long answer type questions, two from each unit and the candidate
will be required to answer one from each unit. Each question carries 10 marks.

Textbooks
1. Ulaby, Fawwaz. T, Fundamentals of Applied Electromagnetics (5th ed.). Pearson
Education, (2007).
2. Schwartz, Melvin, Principles of Electrodynamics. Dover, (1987).
References
1. Satya Prakash, Electromagnetic theory and Electrodynamics, Kedar Nath and co.,
Meerut, 1994.
2. David J.Griffith, Introduction to Electrodynamics, 4 th Edition, Prentice-Hall of India,
New Delhi, 2012.
3. Capri A.Z. and Panat P.V., Introduction to Electrodynamics, Narosa Publishing
House, 2010.
4. Jackson J.D., Classical Electrodynamics, 3rd Edition John Wiley, 1998.
5. Gupta Kumar Singh, Eectrodynamics, Pragati Prakashan, Meerat, 2006.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts nucleus and its properties
 To gain the knowledge on elementary particles.

Semester II
24
Course Title: ADVANCED GENERAL PHYSICS LAB Maximum
Marks: 50
Course Code: MPH-216 University
Examination: 25
Credits: 2 Sessional
Assessment: 25

List Of Experiments
5. Determination of Characteristics of solar cell.
6. Determination of Curie Temperature of Magnetic Materials
7. Determination of susceptibility of a liquid using Guoy method.
8. Study of Transducers.
9. Determination of wavelength and thickness using Biprism
10. Fibre Optics Experiment
11. Michalson Moreley Experiment.
12. Determination of wavelength LASER.
13. Hysteresis loop of Ferromagnetic material.

Note: Experiments will be performed as per the availability of source in

Department/University.

Semester – III

25
 Distribution of
S.N COURSE Credi Marks
COURSE TITLE
o. CODE ts S
UE Total
A
Theory
1. MPH-311 Condensed Matter Physics ( General) 4 40 60 100
2. MPH-312 Nuclear Physics (General) 4 40 60 100
3. MPH-313 Condensed Matter Physics ( Special) 4 40 60 100
4. MPH-314 Nuclear Physics (Special) 4 40 60 100
Choice based Complementary Electives
(Students are required to choose any two of the following courses)
1. Materials Science and
MPH-331 4 40 60 100
Characterization
2. MPH-332 Biomedical Instrumentation 4 40 60 100
3. MPH-333 Signal Processing and Comm. 4 40 60 100
4. MPH-334 Biophotonics 4 40 60 100
5. MPH-335 Thin film Science and Technology 4 40 60 100
6. MPH-336 Nanoscience and Technology 4 40 60 100
7. MPH-337 Satellite Comm. and Remote sensing 4 40 60 100
8. MPH-338 Radiation Physics 4 40 60 100
9. Digital Electronics and
MPH-339 4 40 60 100
Microprocessor

PRACTICAL
1. MPH- 315 Project work – Phase I 2 25 25 50
2. MPH- 316 Advanced Electronics Lab 2 25 25 50
Total 24 25 350 600
0
SA: Sessional Assessment
UE: University Examination

Note: The students are required to choose one special paper for specialization
either in Nuclear or condensed Matter Physics

26
 Semester III

Course Title: Condensed Matter Physics (General) Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-311 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective

 To study the basic concepts of Condensed Matter Physics.

 To understand the different properties of solids.

Unit – I
Lattice Dynamics and thermal properties of solids: Lattice waves, Vibrations of
one- dimensional monatomic lattice (chain), Linear diatomic lattice, Measurement of
dispersion relation, Quantization of lattice vibrations-concepts of phonon,
Characteristics of phonons, Classical and quantum model for thermal properties of
solids, Debye’s quantum model, Thermal expansion, Thermal conductivity.
12

Unit – II
Electron- Phonon Interaction: Introduction, Hartree-Fock Approximation, Correlation
energy, Plasmons, Plasma optics, Transverse optical modes in Plasma, Longitudinal
Plasma oscillations, Polaritons, Long wavelength optical phonon in isotropic crystal
(Lyddans, Sachs and Teller relation), Electron- phonon interaction in polar solids-
polarons, Electron- phonon interaction in metals.
12

Unit-III
Superconductivity: Introduction, an overview of superconductivity, historical
perspective, Zero resistance state, Magnetic field effects, Meissner effect, London’s
theory, Type I and type-II superconductors, BCS theory of Superconductivity,
Thermodynamics of superconducting transitions, Elementary idea of high temperature
superconductivity.
12

Unit – IV
Optical Properties: Optical properties of metals and nonmetals, Luminescence and
Photoconductivity, Model of luminescence in Sulphide Phosphorous, Thalium activated
alkali halides, Electro-luminescence, Electronic transitions in photoconductors, Model of
photoconductivity, Influence of traps, Excitons,
12

Unit-V
Mossbauer Effect: Resonant absorption, Mechanism of Mossbauer effect- recoil
energy, natural line width, thermal line width: Doppler’s broadening, Experimental
description, Classical theory, Debye-Waller factor, Quantum theory, Mossbauer effect
and lattice dynamics, Mossbauer effect and magnetism, Applications of Mossbauer
effect.
12

Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

27
Recommended Text/Reference Books :
1. Introduction to Solid State Physics- Charles Kittel
2. Elementary Solid State Physics- M.A.Omar
3. Applied solid state physics-Rajnikant
4. Quantum Theory of Solid State-Joseph Callaway
5. Introduction to Solid State Theory- Otfried Madelung
6. Solid State Physics- R.K.Singhal.

Outcome
At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Basics of quantum mechanics.
 Various physics concepts in the light of quantum mechanics.

28
 Semester III

Course Title: Nuclear Physics (General)

Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-312 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To know the basic properties of Nucleus
 To understand the various mechanisms stability and models.

UNIT-I

Basic properties of Nucleus: Mass, Charge, and Constituents of the nucleus, Nuclear
size and distribution of nucleons, Energies of nucleons in the nucleus, Angular
momentum, Parity and symmetry, Magnetic dipole moment and electric quadrupole
moment, Energy levels and mirror nuclei.

UNIT-II

Bound States of nucleus: Exchange Force and Tensor Force, Bound State of two
nucleons, Theory of Ground State of two nucleons. Nucleon- nucleon scatterings (n-p &
p-p) at Low energies (<10MeV). Scattering Length. Effective range theory in n-p and p-p
scattering, Spin dependence of nuclear forces. Scattering of Neutrons by ortho and para
hydrogen molecule

12
UNIT-III

Radioactivity: Alpha particle emission, Geiger Nuttal law-,Gamow’s theory of alpha

decay, fine structure of alpha spectra, beta decay, Neutrino hypothesis, Fermi’s theory
of beta decay, Energies of beta spectrum, Fermi and G.T.Slection rules, Non-
Conservation of parity in beta decay Gamma emission- selections rules- transition
probability- internal conversion- nuclear isomerism.
12
UNIT-IV

Nuclear Models: systematic of stable nuclei, Nuclear fission, Compound nucleus(in

details), semi empirical mass formula, binding energy curve, liquid drop model, Shell
model - Experimental evidence for shell effects and magic numbers, Shell model – spin
orbit coupling. Schmidts lines and prediction of angular momentum and parity of
nuclear ground states. Collective model - rotational States and Vibrational levels.

12
UNIT-V

Nuclear Reactions: Energies of Nuclear reaction, level widths ,cross sections,

compound nucleus model, resonance scattering, Breit- Wigner one level formula,
optical model, direct reactions, Stripping and pick- up reactions, Fission and fusion
reactions, elementary ideas of fission reaction, theory of fission- elementary ideas of
fusion, controlled thermonuclear reactions, ideas of nuclear reactors, plasma
confinement, fusion power.
12

Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two

29
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

TextBooks
1. W.R. Leo, Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments, Springer,
1987
2. E. Segre (ed.), Experimental Nuclear Physics, Vols. I, II, III. Wiley, 1953
3. W.E. Burcham, Elements of Nuclear Physics. Longman, 1979
References

1. Dayal D.C., Nuclear Physics, Himalaya Publishing House, 1997.

2. Khanna M.P., Introduction to Particle Physics, Prentice Hall of India, 2004.
3. Williams W. S. C., Nuclear and Particle Physics, Oxford University Press,
1991.
4. Brian Martin, Nuclear and Particle Physics: An Introduction, Wiley
Publishers, 2011.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts detectors and accelerators
 To gain the knowledge on elementary particles.

30
 Semester III

Course Title: Condensed Matter Physics (Special) Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-313 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective

 To study the basic concepts of crystallography.

 To understand the different techniques of determination of crystal structure.

Unit I :

Basic Crystallography: A review of crystalline solids, lattices, unit cell and its
classification, crystal systems, Bravais lattices, Miller indices, symmetry elements,
point groups, space groups, Construction of reciprocal lattice.

Unit II:

X-rays and X-ray Sepctra:Production of X-rays, reflection and refraction of X-rays,

Continuous X-ray spectrum, Characteristic emission spectrum, Characteristic absorption
spectrum, Moseley’s law and its applications, explanation of emission and absorption
spectra.

Unit III :

X-ray diffraction in Crystals and X-ray diffraction Techniques :X-ray diffraction in

Crystals, Bragg’s law for X-ray diffraction, Bragg’s law in reciprocal lattice-Ewald
Construction, X-ray diffraction Techniques - Laue’s diffraction technique, indexing of
Laue photographs, powder X-ray diffraction technique, indexing of powder photographs
and lattice parameter determination,
Unit IV :

Disorder in Solids:Point defects (Frenkel & Schottky), line defects - (slip, plastic
deformation, edge dislocation, screw dislocation, Burger’s vector, concentration of line
defects, estimation of dislocation density), Frank-Reid mechanism of dislocation
multiplication (dislocation reaction), surface (planar) defects, grain boundaries and
stacking faults.

Unit V:

Magnetic Properties of solids: Classification and general properties of magnetic

materials, Weiss and Heissenberg’s theory of ferromagnetism, temperature dependence
of spontaneous magnetization, Theory of domain structure, observation of domains,
ferromagnetic domains. Bloch-Wall energy, spin waves and magnons, quantization of
spin waves, the Bloch T 3/2 law.

Note For Paper Setter

31
The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Recommended Text/Reference Books :

7. Introduction to Solid State Physics- Charles Kittel
8. Elementary Solid State Physics- M.A.Omar
9. Applied solid state physics-Rajnikant
10. Quantum Theory of Solid State-Joseph Callaway
11. Introduction to Solid State Theory- Otfried Madelung
12. Solid State Physics- R.K.Singhal.

Outcome
At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Basics of quantum mechanics.
 Various physics concepts in the light of quantum mechanics.

32
 Semester III

Course Title: Nuclear Physics (Special)

Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-314 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To know the role of Group theory in Nuclear Physics
 To understand application of special groups in nuclear particle interaction.

UNIT I
Review group theory: Review of basic concepts of finite group theory, permutation
group, Caley’s theorem, applications of Caley’s theorem for determining group
structures of finite groups of order 3,4,5 and 6, Lagrange theorem, its application for
finding group structures of order, 4,5 and 6. Quotient group, self conjugate subgroups,
Matrix representation, equivalent representation, unitary representation.
(12)
UNIT II
Group representation: Reducible and irreducible representation, characters of
irreducible representations, Schur’s Lemmas, Statement and proof of orthogonality
theorem for irreducible representative of a group. Interpretation of orthogonality
theorem. Orthogonality of characters and character tables. Continuous groups, Lie
groups, General properties and examples of Lie groups.

(12)

UNIT III
Symmetry in Physics: Symmetry in physical laws, Noether’s theorem, Symmetry and
quantum Mechanics, Examples from quantum mechanics i.e., one dimensional system,
Symmetry in quantum numbers. Matrix elements and selection rules. Concept of broken
Symmetry. The axial rotation group SO (2). Generators of SO (2), 3-dimensional rotation
group SO (3), its generators and irreduciblerepresentation.

(12)

UNIT IV
Groups of different order: O (4) and SO(4) Groups, SO (4)s as a direct product of two
SO (3) groups. Special Unitary Group SU (2), its irreducible representations.
Homomorphism of SU (2) on SO (3). Generators of U (n) and SU (n). Generators of SU
(2), Physical applications of SU (2).

(12)

UNIT V
Special groups & applications: The special unitary group SU (3). Physical application
of SU (3), Gelmann’s representation of SU (3) and quarks. Detailed study of Lorentz
group. Application of group theory of isotropic harmonic Oscillatorand Hydrogen atom.

(12)

Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally

33
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

TextBooks
4. W.R. Leo, Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments, Springer,
1987
5. E. Segre (ed.), Experimental Nuclear Physics, Vols. I, II, III. Wiley, 1953
6. W.E. Burcham, Elements of Nuclear Physics. Longman, 1979
References

5. Dayal D.C., Nuclear Physics, Himalaya Publishing House, 1997.

6. Khanna M.P., Introduction to Particle Physics, Prentice Hall of India, 2004.
7. Williams W. S. C., Nuclear and Particle Physics, Oxford University Press,
1991.
8. Brian Martin, Nuclear and Particle Physics: An Introduction, Wiley
Publishers, 2011.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts detectors and accelerators
 To gain the knowledge on elementary particles.

34
 Semester III
SYLLABUS FOR ELECTIVE COURSES

Course Title: MATERIALS SCIENCE AND CHARACTERIZATION Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-331 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To study the various aspects of material characterization.
 To understand the methods about material studies.
 To know the use of different methods and techniques for material modeling.

UNIT-I

Metallographic Techniques: Resolution, depth of focus and components of

microscope, polarized light, phase contrast, interference microscopy, hot stage and
quantitative metallographic techniques, specimen preparation techniques.
12
UNIT-II

X-Ray Diffraction Techniques: Crystallography basics, characteristic spectrum,

Bragg’s law, Diffraction methods–Laue, rotating crystal and powder methods.
Stereographic projection. Intensity of diffracted beams –structure factor calculations
and other factors. Cameras-Laue, Debye-Scherer cameras, Seeman-Bohlin focusing
cameras.
12
UNIT-III

Application Of X-Ray Diffraction: Diffract meter – general feature and optics,

proportional, scintillating and Geiger counters. X-ray diffraction application in the
determination of crystal structure, lattice parameter, phase diagram and residual stress
– quantitative phase estimation, ASTM catalogue of Materials identification
12
UNIT-IV

Electron Microscopy: Construction and operation of Transmission electron microscope

– Diffraction effects and image formation, specimen preparation techniques.
Construction, modes of operation and application of Scanning electron microscope,
EDX. Electron probe microanalysis, basics of scanning Tunneling Microscope (STM) and
Atomic Force Microscope.
12
UNIT-V

Advanced Chemical And Thermal Analysis: Basic principles, practice and

applications of X-ray spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectrometry, Auger
spectroscopy, Differential thermal analysis DTA, Differential scanning calorimetry DSC
and thermogravimetric analysis TGA.
12

35
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

TextBook
1. Yang Leng, Materials Characterization: Introduction to Microscopic and
Spectroscopic Methods, 2nd Edition, Wiley Publishers, 2013

References

2. Cullity B. D., Elements of X-ray diffraction, Addison-Wesley Company Inc., New

York, 3rd Edition, 2001.
3. Yang Leng, Materials Characterization: Introduction to Microscopic and
Spectroscopic Methods, Wiley Publishers, 2008.
4. Cherepin and Malik, Experimental Techniques in Physical Metallurgy, Asia
Publishing Co., Bombay, 1968.
5. Brandon D. G., Modern Techniques in Metallography, Von Nostrand Inc. NJ, USA,
1986.
6. Wachtman, Characterization of Materials, Butterworth-Heinemann Publishers,
1992.

Outcome
At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Various methods involved in material characterization
 Importance of use of different instruments for material study.

36
 Semester III
Course Title: BIOMEDICAL INSTRUMENTATION
Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-332 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To understand the biomedical instrumentation techniques.
 To know the importance methods, instruments available for biomedical field.
 To analyse the biomedical instrumentation systems, and the application
specific biomedical sensor and instrumentation design

UNIT-I

Human Physiological Systems :Cells and their structure – Nature of Cancer cells –
Transport of ions through the cell membrane – Resting and action potentials – Bio-
electric potentials – Nerve tissues and organs – Different systems of human body.
Biopotential Electrodes and Transducers Design of Medical instruments – components of
the biomedical instrument system – Electrodes – Transducers.

UNIT-II
12

Biosignal Acquisition :Physiological signal amplifiers – Isolation amplifiers – Medical

preamplifier design – Bridge amplifiers – Line driving amplifier – Current amplifier –
Chopper amplifier – Biosignal analysis – Signal recovery and data acquistion – Drift
Compensation in operational amplifier – Pattern recognition – Physiological Assist
Devices. Pacemakers – Pacemakers batteries – Artificial heart valves – Defibrillators –
nerve and muscle stimulators Heart – Lung machine – Kidney machine.

UNIT-III
12

Biopotential Recorders :Characteristics of the recording system –

Electrocardiography (ECG) – Electroencephalography (EEG) – Electromyography (EMG) –
Electroethinogrphy (ERG) and Electroculography (EOG) – Recorders with high accuracy –
recorders for OFF line analysis.

UNIT-IV
12

Operation Theatre Equipment: Surgical diathermy- shortwave diathermy –

Microwave diathermy – Ultrasonic disathermy – Therapeutic effect of heat – Range and
area of irritation of different techniques – Ventilators – Anesthesia machine – Blood
flowmeter – Cardiac Output measurements – Pulmonary function analysers – Gas
analysers – Blood gas analysers – Oxymeters – Elements of intensive care monitoring.

UNIT-V

12

Specialised Medical Equipments: Blood Cell counter – Electron microscope –

Radiation detectors – Photometers and colorimeters – digital thermometer –
audiometers – X-rays tube – X-ray machine – image intensifiers – Angiography –
Application of X-ray examination. Safety instrumentation: Radiation safety
instrumentation – Physiological effects due to 50Hz current passage – Microshock and
macroshock – electrical accident Hospitals – Devices to protect against electrical
hazards – Hospitals architecture.
12
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20

37
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

References

1. Arumugam M., Biomedical Instrumentaion, Anurada Agencies Publishers, 1992.

2. Khandpur R.S., Handbook of Biomedical Instrumentation, Second Edition, Tata
McGraw-Hill Education, 2003.
3. Shakti Chatterjee and Aubert Miller, Biomedical Instrumentation Systems,
Cengage Learning Publisher, 2010.
4. Gromwell L., Fred J. Weibell, Erich A. Pfeiffer, Biomedical Instrumentation and
Measurements, Second Edition, Prentice Hall, 1980.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Different biomedical instruments involved in medicine field.
 Various methods available in the use of new modern techniques in biomedicine.

38
 Semester III

Course Title: SIGNAL PROCESSING AND COMMUNICATION Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-333 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objectives
 To use signal processing to contribute towards the development of innovative
algorithms, performance analysis.
 To understand the theory and applications of digital signal processing and
modern communications technology.

UNIT-I

Signals: Signals, classification of signals, basic operation on signals, elementary

signals, systems, properties of systems, linear time invariant systems and their
properties.

UNIT-II
12

Fourier Representation: Fourier representation for four classes of signals, discrete –

time periodic signals, discrete time Fourier series, continuous time periodic signals and
the Fourier series, discrete time no periodic signals, and the discrete time Fourier
transform, continuous time no periodic signals and the Fourier transform.

UNIT-III
12

Properties Of Fourier Representation: Linearity and symmetry property,

convolution property, differentiation and integration, time and frequency shift property,
Parseval relationship, Time Bandwidth product, Duality.

UNIT-IV
12

Sampling: Sampling continuous time signals, sampling a sinusoid, aliasing, sub

sampling, sampling theorem, ideal reconstruction and practical reconstruction: zero
order hold.

UNIT-V

12

Communication: Types of modulation, full amplitude modulation, generation,

frequency domain representation of amplitude modulation, spectral overlap and
demodulation.
12

Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

39
References

1. Haykin S. and Van Veen B., Signals and Systems, II edition, Wiley Student
Edition, 2002.
2. Lathi B.P., Signal processing and linear systems, Oxford University Press Inc.,
USA, 2003.
3. Paolo Prandoni and Martin Vetterli, Signal Processing for Communications, CRC
Press, 2008.
4. Denbigh P.N., System analysis and signal processing, Addison Wesley, 1998.

Outcome
At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand
The concepts of signal processing and communications

40
 Semester III
Course Title: BIOPHOTONICS Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-334 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To know the importance of spectroscopic studies in Biophotonics
 To understand the role of Biophotonic materials in applications.

UNIT-I

Interaction Of Light With Biological Systems: Interaction of light with cells, tissues,
non-linear optical processes with intense laser beams, photo-induced effects in
biological systems.
12
UNIT-II

Imaging Techniques: Imaging techniques: Light microscopy, wide-field, laser

scanning - confocal, multiphoton, fluorescence lifetime imaging, FRET imaging -
Frequency-Domain lifetime imaging. Cellular Imaging - Imaging of soft and hard tissues
and other biological structures.
12
UNIT-III

Single Molecule Spectroscopy:Single molecule spectroscopy: UV-VIS spectroscopy of

biological systems, single molecule spectra and characteristics – IR and Raman
spectroscopy and Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy for single molecule
applications.
12
UNIT-VI

Optical Force Spectroscopy: Optical Force Spectroscopy: Generation optical forces

– Optical trapping and manipulation of single molecules and cells in optical confinement
- Laser trapping and dissection for biological systems - single molecule biophysics, DNA
protein interactions.
12
UNIT-V

Biosensors: Biosensors, Principles- DNA based biosensors – Protein based biosensors –

materials for biosensor applications- fabrication of biosensors.

12
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

TextBooks
1. Gerd Keiser,Biophotonics: Concepts to Applications, Springer, 2016
2. Paras N. Prasad, Introduction to Biophotonics, Wiley-Interscience,
2003.

References

1. Prasad. P.N., Introduction to Biophotonics, John Wiley & Sons, 2003

41
 2. Michael P. Sheetz, Laser Tweezers in Cell Biology (Methods in Cell Biology),
Vol.55, Academic Press Publishers, 1997.
3. Ranier .W, Nanoelectronics and Information Technology, Wiley Publishers,
2012.
4. Drexler. K.E.,Nanosystems: Molecular Machinery, Manufacturing, and
Computation, Wiley Publishers, 1992.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts about the Biophotonics
 The importance of use of spectroscopy in design of biophotonic devices.

42
 Semester III

Course Title: THIN FILM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-335 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To familiarize with preparation and properties of Thin films
 To understand the preparation and characterization of Thin films.
 To apply the knowledge of Thin film technology into applications.

UNIT-I

Preparation Of Thin Films: Kinetic aspects of gases in a vacuum chamber –

classifications of vacuum ranges – production of vacuum - pressure measurement in
vacuum systems – thin film (epitaxy) – definition – types of epitaxy. Different Growth
Techniques: Liquid phase epitaxy – vapour phase epitaxy – molecular beam epitaxy –
metal organic vapour phase epitaxy – sputtering (RF & DC) – pulsed laser deposition.
Thickness Measurement: Microbalance technique – photometry-ellipsometry –
interferometry.
12
UNIT-II

Kinetics Of Thin Films: Nucleation Kinetics: types of nucleation – kinetic theory of

nucleation – energy formation of a nucleus – critical nucleation parameters; spherical
and non spherical (cap, disc and cubic shaped) Growth Kinetics: Kinetics of binary
(GaAs, InP, etc.), ternary (Al1-xGaxAs, Ga1-xInxP, InAs1-xPx, etc.) and quaternary (Ga1-xInxAs1-
yPy, etc.) semiconductors – derivation of growth rate and composition expressions.
12
UNIT-III

Characterization :X-ray diffraction – photoluminescence – UV-Vis-IR

spectrophotometer – Atomic Force Microscope – Scanning Electron Microscope – Hall
effect – Vibrational Sample Magnetometer – Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry – X-ray
Photoemission Spectroscopy.
12
UNIT-IV

Properties Of Thin Films: Dielectric properties – experimental technique for the

determination of dielectric properties – optical properties – experimental technique for
the determination of optical constants – mechanical properties – experimental
technique for the determination of mechanical properties of thin films – magnetic and
superconducting properties.
12
UNIT-V

Applications: Optoelectronic devices: LED, LASER and Solar cell – Micro

Electromechanical Systems (MEMS) – Fabrication of thin film capacitor – application of
ferromagnetic thin films; data storage, Giant Magnetoresistance (GMR) – sensors –
fabrication and characterization of thin film transistor and FET – quantum dot.

12
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
43
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

References
1. Goswami. A, Thin Film Fundamentals, New Age International (P) Limited, New
Delhi, 1996.
2. Aicha Eishabini-Riad, Fred D. Barlow and ISHN, Thin film Technology Handbook,
McGraw-Hill Professional Publishers, 1997.
3. Krishna Seshan, Handbook of Thin Film Deposition, William Andrew Publishers,
2012.
4. Donald Smith, Thin-Film Deposition: Principles and Practice, McGraw-Hill
Professional Publishers, 1995.

Outcome
At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand
 The basic concepts about the thin film technology
 The importance of use of thin films in application and research

44
 Semester III
Course Title: NANOSCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-336 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective

To give thorough knowledge of the general principles of physics, chemistry, electronics

and biology that play a role on the nanometer scale.
 To get into Insight of the materials, fabrication and other experimental
techniques that can be used on the nanoscale, as well as their limitations
 To get in-depth knowledge of at least one specialisation area within the field of
nanoscience and nanotechnology
 To gain Sufficient scientific background to undertake research

UNIT-I

Nanomaterials And Structures: Nanomaterials and types: nanowires, nanotubes,

fullerenes, quantum dots, nanocomposites – properties – Methods of preparation: top-
down, bottom-up.

UNIT-II
12

Characterization Tools: Electron Microscopy Techniques – SEM, TEM, X ray methods –

optical methods Fluorescence Microscopy – Atomic Force Microscopy, STM and SPM.

UNIT-III
12

Nanomagnetism: Mesoscopic magnetism – Magnetic measurements: miniature Hall

detectors, integrated DC SQUID Microsusceptometry – magnetic recording technology,
biological magnets.

UNIT –IV
12

Nanoelectronics And Integrated Systems :Basics of nanoelectronics – Single

Electron Transistor – quantum computation – tools of micro-nanofabrication –
nanolithography – quantum electronic devices – MEMS and NEMS – dynamics of NEMS –
limits of integrated electronics.

UNIT –V
12

Biomedical Applications Of Nanotechnology: Biological structures and functions –

drug delivery systems – organic-inorganic nanohybrids – inorganic carriers –
nanofluidics.
12

45
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

References

1. Jan Korvink and Andreas Greiner, Semiconductors for Micro and Nanotechnology
– an Introduction for Engineers, Weinheim Cambridge: Wiley-VCH, 2001.
2. Murty B.S., Shankar P. & et al., Textbook of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology,
Universities Press (India) Private Ltd., 2012.
3. Richard Booker and Earl Boysen, Nanotechlongy, Wiley Publishing, 2005.
4. Timp G (ed), Nanotechnology, AIP press, Springer, 1999.
5. Wilson M., Kannangara K., Smith G., Simmons M. and Raguse B.,
Nanotechnology: Basic Sciences and Energy Technologies, Overseas Press, 2005.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts about the Nano materials
 The importance of use of nano materials in design and synthesis of novel
materials.

46
 Semester III
Course Title: SATELLITE COMMUNICATION AND REMOTE SENSING Maximum
Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-337 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To Study satellite orbits and launching.
 To Study earth segment and space segment components
 To Study satellite access by various users.
 To Study the principles of remote sensing and the data acquisition and analysis
of satellite data.

UNIT-I

Satellite Orbits :Kepler’s Laws, Newton’s law, orbital parameters, orbital

perturbations, station keeping, geo stationary and non Geo-stationary orbits – Look
Angle Determination- Limits of visibility –eclipse-Sub satellite point –Sun transit outage-
Launching Procedures - launch vehicles and propulsion.

UNIT-II
12

Space Segment And Satellite Link Design :Spacecraft Technology- Structure,

Primary power, Attitude and Orbit control, Thermal control and Propulsion,
communication Payload and supporting subsystems, Telemetry, Tracking and
command. Satellite uplink and downlink Analysis and Design, link budget,E/N
calculation- performance impairments-system noise, inter modulation and interference,
Propagation Characteristics and Frequency considerations- System reliability and design
lifetime.

UNIT-III
12

Satellite Applications: INTELSAT Series, INSAT, VSAT, Mobile satellite services: GSM,
GPS, INMARSAT, LEO, MEO, Satellite Navigational System. Direct Broadcast satellites
(DBS)- Direct to home Broadcast (DTH), Digital audio broadcast (DAB)- Worldspace
services, Business TV(BTV), GRAMSAT, Specialized services – E –mail, Video
conferencing, Internet

UNIT-IV
12

Physics Of Remote Sensing: Introduction of Remote Sensing - Electro Magnetic

Spectrum, Physics of Remote Sensing- Effects of Atmosphere- Scattering – Different
types –Absorption-Atmospheric window- Energy interaction with surface features –
Spectral reflectance of vegetation, soil ,and water –atmospheric influence on spectral
response patterns- multi concept in Remote sensing.

UNIT-V

12
Thermal And Hyper Spectral Remote Sensing :Sensors characteristics - principle of
spectroscopy - imaging spectroscopy - field conditions, compound spectral curve,
Spectral library, radiative models, processing procedures, derivative spectrometry,
thermal remote sensing – thermal sensors, principles, thermal data processing,
applications.
12
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally

47
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

References

1. Dennis Roddy, Satellite Communication, McGraw Hill International, 4th Edition,

2006.
2. Wilbur L. Pritchard, Hendri G. Suyderhoud, Robert A. Nelson, Satellite
Communication Systems Engineering, Prentice Hall/Pearson, 2007.
3. N.Agarwal, Design of Geosynchronous Space Craft, Prentice Hall, 1986
4. Paul Curran P.J., Principles of Remote Sensing, ELBS, 1995.
5. Charles Elachi and Jakob J. van Zyl , Introduction To The Physics and Techniques
of Remote Sensing , Wiley Series in Remote Sensing and Image Processing,
2006.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The working model satellite technology
 The physics of remote sensing.

48
 Semester III
Course Title: RADIATION PHYSICS
Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-338 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To understand the theory of electromagnetic radiation
 To know the difference between natural and artificial radioactivity
 To study the interaction of radiation with matter and its effects.

UNIT-I

Electromagnetic Radiation :Wave model – Quantum Model– visible light and

fluorescence particulate radiation – inverse square law.

UNIT-II
12

Natural And Artificial Radioactivity :Radioactivity – General properties of alpha,

beta and gamma rays – Laws Of radioactive disintegration – Radioactive decay constant
– Half-life period – average life – Isotopes, Isobars, Isomers – Isotones and Isodiapheres –
Natural radioactive series – Radioactive equilibrium –Radioactive decay - α particle
decay – β particle decay – Theory of beta decay – Gamma emission – Electron capture –
Internal conversion – Nuclear isomerism – Artificial radioactivity - Nuclear reactions –α, p
reaction - α, n reaction- Proton bombardment – deuteron bombardment- neutron
bombardment – photo disintegration – Activation of nuclides - Elementary ideas of
fission, fusion and nuclear reactors.

UNIT-III
12

Radiation Quantities: Quantities to describe a radiation beam- particle flux and

fluence- Photon flux and fluence- cross section- linear and mass absorption coefficient-
stopping power and LET Activity – Curie – Becquerel. Exposure and its measurements –
Roentgen, Radiation absorbed Dose- Gray - kerma- kerma rate constantElectronic
equilibrium - relationship between kerma, exposure and absorbed dose–Relative
biological effectiveness (RBE)- radiation weighting factors.

UNIT-IV
12

Interaction Of Radiation With Matter: Interaction of electromagnetic radiation with

matter: Ionization – Photon beam exponential attenuation – Rayleigh scattering –
Photoelectric effect – Compton effect - energy absorption – Pair production –
Attenuation, energy transfer and mass energy absorption coefficients – Relative
importance of various types of interactions.

UNIT-V

12

Interaction Of Charged Particles With Matter :Classical theory of inelastic

collisions with atomic electrons – Energy loss per ion pair by primary and secondary
ionization – Dependence of collision energy losses on the physical and chemical state of
the absorber – Cerenkov radiation – Electron absorption process – scattering excitation
and ionization – Radiative collision – Bremmstrahlung – Range energy relation –
Continuous slowing down approximation (CSDA) – straight ahead approximation and
detour factors – transmission and depth dependence methods for determination of
particle penetration - empirical relations between range and energy – Back scattering.
12
Note For Paper Setter

49
 The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

References

1. Segre E., Experimental Nuclear Physics, Vol 3, John Wiley, 1959.

2. Theraja B.L., Modern Physics, S.Chand Company, 1995.
3. Faiz M Khan , The Physics of Radiation Therapy, Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Publishers, 2010.
4. Oliver R., Radiation Physics in Radiology, Blackwell Scientific Publication, 1974.
5. Frank Herbert Attix, Introduction to Radiological Physics and Radiation
Dosimetry, Wiley-VCH Publishers, 1991.

Outcome

At the end of course, students will be made to understand :

 Concepts of electromagnetic radiation
 Theory of artificial and natural radioactivity
 Interaction of radiation with matter.

50
 Semester III
Course Title: DIGITAL ELECTRONICS AND MICROPROCESSORS Maximum
Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-339 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To understand the concepts of microprocessors and microcontrollers.
 To comprehend the ideas about the digital electronics

UNIT- I
12

Logic Gates: Logic gates - block diagram - truth table- Ex OR gate - equivalent
functions -combinational logic - half adder / subtract or - full adder / subtracted – De
Morgan's laws-Boolean algebra - Karnaugh maps - max and min terms -encoders and
decoders - multiplexers and demultiplexers.

UNIT- II
12
Counters: Sequential logic – flip – flops – sequential circuit analysis – state diagram –
state equation – registers – counters – up – down counters – timining sequenes – the
memory UNIT – Random Access Memory (RAM) – Magnetic core memory.

UNIT-III
12
Introduction To Microprocessor: Common microprocessor characteristic - pin
diagram and functions for generic microprocessor - microprocessor architecture - the
intel 8085 microprocessor - the 8085 pin diagram and functions - 8085 architecture -
different addressiag modes - 8085 instruction set - arithmetic, logical and branch
instructions - the 8085 stack, I/O and control instructions.

UNIT- IV
12
8085 Microprocessor: Programming the 8085 microprocessor - 8 bit addition,
subtraction, multiplication and division - looping programs - sum of data - maximum,
minimum values of the given array - ascending / descendmg - data transfer- 16 bit
addition – relay generation – multiple precision arithmetic – decimal arithmetic -
subroutine programs - ASCII to decimal multiple precision addition subroutine.

UNIT –V
12

Microprocessor Interfacing: Timing diagram - instruction cycle, machine cycle, R/W

cycle - interfacing the microprocessor - interfacing with ROM - interfacing with RAM - I/O
interfacing basics.
12
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Textbooks

51
 1. Ronald J. Tocci, Neal S. Widmer and Gregory L. Moss, Digital Systems : Principles
and Applications, Pearson Education. 9th Edition
2. Barry B. Brey and C.R. Sarma, The Intel Microprocessors : Architecture,
Programming and Interfacing, Pearson Education.
3. R.S. Gaonkar, Microprocessor Architecture: Programming and Applications, 3rd
edition, Penram International Publishing India (1997).
4. B. Ram, Fundamentals of Microprocessors and Microcomputers, 5th edition,
Dhanpat Rai publication, India (2001).
5. N. Mathivanan, Microprocessors: PC Hardware and Interfacing, Prentice Hall of
India (2005).

References
1. Jain R. P, Digital Electronics and Microprocessors, Fourth Edition, Tata – McGraw
Hill, 2010.
2. Anokh Singh, A.k.Chhabra, Fundamental of Digital Electronics and
Microprocessors, 2nd Edition, S. Chand Limited, 2005.
3. Anokh Singh, Chhabra A.k, Fundamental of Digital Electronics and its application,
S. Chand Limited, 2005.
4. Sumit Kumar Singh, Fundamental of Digital Electronics and Microprocessors,
Coronet Books Incorporated, 2008.
5. JainR.P, Modern Digital Electronics, 4th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill, 2010.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The working of digital electronic devices.
 The concepts of working model of microprocessors and microcontrollers.

52
53
 Semester III

Course Title: ADVANCED ELECTRONICS LAB

Maximum Marks: 50
Course Code: MPH-316 University
Examination: 25
Credits: 2
Sessional Assessment: 25

List of Experiments

1. Design of Voltage series and shunt feedback amplifier and determination of

Frequency response, Input and output impedance.
2. Design of current series and shunt feedback amplifier and determination of
Frequency response, Input and output impedance.
3. Design of Hartley and Colpitts Oscillator.
4. Design of Class C single tuned amplifier.
5. Design of Schmitt trigger.
6. Digital to Analog converter using op amp.
7. Active 2nd order Butterworth low pass, high pass and band pass filter.
8. PLL Characteristics and measurement of capture and locking range.
9. Instrumentation amplifier and measurement of CMRR.

Note: The experiments will be performed as per the availability of

source at Department/ University.

54
 Semester – IV

Distribution of
COURSE Credi
S. No COURSE TITLE Marks
CODE ts
SA UE Total
Theory
1. MPH-411 Condensed Matter Physics 4 40 60 100
( General)
2. MPH-412 Nuclear Physics (General) 4 40 60 100
3. MPH-413 Condensed Matter Physics 4 40 60 100
( Special)
4. MPH-414 Nuclear Physics (Special) 4 40 60 100
Choice based Complementary Electives
(The students are required to choose any two of the following courses)
1. MPH-441 Nanophotonics 4 40 60 100
2. MPH-442 Chaos and Solitons 4 40 60 100
3. MPH-443 Nonlinear Optics and Materials 4 40 60 100
4. MPH-444 Nonlinear Fibre Optics 4 40 60 100
Advanced Optics And Laser
5. MPH-445 4 40 60 100
Technology
6. MPH-446 Astrophysics 4 40 60 100
Practical
1 MPH-415 Project work – Phase II 8 100 100 200
Total 24 26 34 600
0 0
SA: Sessional Assessment
UE: University Examination

Note: The students are required to choose one special paper for specialization
either in Nuclear or condensed Matter Physics

55
 Semester IV

Course Title: Condensed Matter Physics (General) Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-411 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To understand the basic of crystal growth.
 To have an idea to defects in solids.

Unit-I
Crystal Growth Techniques: Theoretical concept of crystal growth (supercooling and
nucleation), Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation, Crystal Growth Techniques-
Solution growth: Water solution, Gel, Flux method, Hydrothermal growth; Melt
technique: Czochralski pulling, Bridgeman Stockbarger, Concept of Zone melting.

12

Unit-II
Defects in Solids: Point defects (Frenkel & Schottky); line defects – (slip, plastic
deformation, edge dislocation, screw dislocation, Burger’s vector, estimation of
dislocation density); Frank-Reid mechanism of dislocation multiplication (dislocation
reaction), surface (planar) defects, grain boundaries and stacking faults.
12

Unit-III
Atomic Diffusion and Colour Centres: Atomic diffusion, Ficks 1st and 2nd law of
diffusion, Diffusion through plane, cylindrical & spherical under steady state condition,
Diffusion under non steady state condition, Random- Walk treatment of diffusion,
Diffusion in alkali halide, Ionic conductivity in alkali halide, Colour centers, Types and
generation of colour centers
12

Unit-IV
Dilectric and Ferrroelectric Properties:The Dielectric constant and susceptibility,
Induced polarization, Clausius-Mossotti relation, Measurement of dielectric constant,
Dipolar polarization in solids, Ionic polarazibility, Electronic polarazibility, Dielectric
breakdown, Ferroelectricity, Ferroelectric domains.
12

Unit-V
Electrons in Solids: Introduction, An overview of classical models, Conductivity in
metals, The Matthiesen’s Rule, The Drude’s Model for electrical properties of solids,
Degenerate electron gas, Fermi-Dirac statistics of electron gas (Quantized free electron
theory), Thermal conduction in solids, The Wiedemann-Franz Ratio, General properties
of metals.
12

Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two

56
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Text and Reference Books

1. Applied solid state physics-Rajnikant

2. Crystallography Applied to Solid State Physics by Verma and Srivastava
3. Quantum Theory of Solids- Charles Kittel
4. Art and science of growing crystals-J.J.Gilman
5. Crystal growth- Brian R Pamplin

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts of numerical methods and programming

57
 Semester IV

Course Title: Nuclear Physics (General)

Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-412 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective

 To understand the basic detectors & accelerators.

 To gain the knowledge on elementary particles.

Unit -I
Detectors: General characteristics of detectors: Sensitivity, energy resolution and fano
factor, detector efficiency and dead time. Gas filled, liquid filled, and Solid State
detector (Proportional counter Geiger-Muller counter, scintillation counter, emultion,
semicounductor detectors).

12
Unit-II
Accelerators: Particle Accelerators Need for accelerator of charged particles,
Classication of types of accelerators, Proton Synchrotron, Betatron; Alternating gradient
accelerator, Colliding beam accelerator.

12
Unit-III
Elementary particles: Classification and properties of elementary particles, Leptons,
Baryons, mesons particles and antiparticles excited states and resonances. Various
types of interactions gravitational, electromagnetic, weak and strong interactions and
their mediating quanta, Conservation rules in fundamental interactions. Charge
symmetry and charge independence, Parity and charge conjugation, Conservation of
parity and its violation in different types of interactions. Strange particles, associated
production, strangeness and decay modes of charged Kaons, Isospin and its
conservation. Quark and Gell Mann Nishijima’s formula.

12
Unit –IV

Quark and Hadrons: The Baryon Moments Decuplet, Quark spin and color, Baryon
Octect, Quark-Antiquark combinations :- The pseudoscalar mesons, the vector mesons,
leptonic decay of vector mesons, Baryon Magnetic moments, Heavy-meson
spectroscopy and the quark model. J/U and upsilon states; Quark confinement and
search for free quarks.

12

Unit –V

Elementary Particles: CPT invariance in different interactions, parity non

conservation, k-meson, complex and time reversal invariance, elementary ideas of
gauge theory of strong and weak interactions. Standard Model (elementary idea),
Feynman diagrams (basics).

12
Note for Paper Setter

58
 The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

TextBooks
7. W.R. Leo, Techniques for Nuclear and Particle Physics Experiments, Springer,
1987
8. E. Segre (ed.), Experimental Nuclear Physics, Vols. I, II, III. Wiley, 1953
9. W.E. Burcham, Elements of Nuclear Physics. Longman, 1979

References

9. Dayal D.C., Nuclear Physics, Himalaya Publishing House, 1997.

10.Khanna M.P., Introduction to Particle Physics, Prentice Hall of India, 2004.
11.Williams W. S. C., Nuclear and Particle Physics, Oxford University Press,
1991.
12.Brian Martin, Nuclear and Particle Physics: An Introduction, Wiley
Publishers, 2011.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts nucleus and its properties
 To gain the knowledge on elementary particles.

59
 Semester IV

Course Title: Condensed Matter Physics (Special) Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-413 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To understand the uses of X-ray technology in solids
 To have an idea of different dimensions of crystal formations.

UNIT I:
Single Crystal Data Collection Techniques: An overview of X-ray diffractions,
Principle, construction and working of rotating crystal X-ray diffraction methods
(single/double oscillation, rotation), Measurement of identity period, basic principle and
geometry of Weissenberg technique, visual estimation technique for intensity data
collection, indexing of zero and higher Weissenberg photographs, determination of unit
cell parameters and equi-inclination setting for obtaining higher layer Weissenberg
photographs.
12

UNIT II:
Experimental Methods of Observing Dislocations: X-ray photographic technique,
basic principle, Berg Barrett technique, Lang Technique, X-ray diffraction topography
camera, double crystal diffractrometry, Etching Methods of etching, An overview of
Scanning Electron Microscope and Transmission Electron Microscope for materials
characterization.
12

UNIT III:
Surface/Interface and Thin Film Physics: Elementary concept of surface
crystallography,, surface electronic structure, work function, thermionic emission,
heterostructures, semiconductor lasers, light emitting diode.Liquid phase epitaxy
(Experimental set up), preparation of thin films by vacuum vapour deposition, film
thickness measurement and study of surface topography by multiple beam
interferometry, electrical conductivity of thin films, Boltzmann transport equation for
thin film.
12

UNIT IV:

Introduction to the Science of Nano: Introduction to nanotechnology , Historical

development, nanomaterials and applications, New forms of carbon- fullerenes,
nanowires and nanotubes , types of nanotubes, applications of nanowires and
nanotubes.

Unit- V: Tutorials/Class Seminars

12

60
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Text and Reference Books

6. Applied solid state physics-Rajnikant

7. Crystallography Applied to Solid State Physics by Verma and Srivastava
8. Quantum Theory of Solids- Charles Kittel
9. Art and science of growing crystals-J.J.Gilman
10. Crystal growth- Brian R Pamplin

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts of numerical methods and programming

61
 Semester IV

Course Title: Nuclear Physics (Special) Maximum Marks:

100
Course Code: MPH-414 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To understand the different interactions in nuclear physics.
 To have an idea of quarks and QCD.

UNIT I :
Weak Interactions-I Classification of Weak Interactions, Nuclear ß-decay-Fermi
theory, inverse ß-decay, Parity nonconservation in Neutrino, Helicity of the Neutriono,
Helicity States, Diarc theory to ß-decay, The V-A interaction, parity violation in decay,
Pion and Muon decay (10)
12

UNIT II :
Weak Interactions-II Weak Decays of strange particles _ Cabibbo Theory, weak
neutral currents, Absence of S=1, neutral currents. The GIM model and charm. Weak
mixing angles with six quarks. Observations of W+ and Z 0 Bosons. Lepton families,
Neutrino masses and neutrino Oscillations. (10)
12

UNIT III :
Quark & Models Quark Parton Model Evidence for Partons, deep inelastic electron-
nucleon scattering, scale invariance and Partons (Bjosrken scaling), Neutrino nucleon
inelastic scattering, lepton-quark scattering, Patron spin, Parton charges, antiquark
contents of the nucleon, gluon constituents Electron-Positron ahhinilation to hadrons,
Lepton pair production in hadron collisions – The Drell-Yan process.
12

UNIT IV :
Quantum Chromodynamics: Quantum Chromodynamics and Quark-Quark
interactions, QCD potential at short distances, QCD potential at large distances (String
model) Multijet events in e+e annihilation, effects of quark interactions in Deep-Inelastic
lepton-nucleon scattering, Running coupling constant : Quantitative predictions of QCD,
q2 evolution of structure functions, Comparison of Quark and Gluon distribution (10)
12

UNIT V :
Unification of Interactions: Renormalization in Quantum Electrodynamics,
divergence in weak interactions, introduction of Neutral currents, Gauge invariance in
QED, generalized Gauge Invariance. The Weinberg Salam SU(2) x U(1) Model, Yang-Mils
fields and SU(2) symmetry, spontaneous symmetry breaking. Neutral current coupling
of Fermions. Higgs mechanism. The standard model. Grand unification : Proton decay,
the cosmic baryon asymmetry. (10)
12

62
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

Text and reference Books:

1. Introduction to High Energy Physics by Donanld H.Perkins.
2. Nuclear & Paticle Physics by E. Burcham
3. Elementary Particles by I.S. Hughes
4. Quarks, Leptons and Gauge fields by Kerson Huang
5. Introduction to Particle Physics by M.P. Khanna
6. Particle Physics by B. R. Masrtin and G. Shah
7. The big and small by G. Venkataraman
8. Elementary Particles and their interactions, concepts and phenomena by Quang HoKim,
Pham Xuan Yam
9. Introduction to Elementary Particle Physics by David Griffith

63
 Semester IV
Course Title: NANO PHOTONICS
Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-441 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To understand the concepts of Nano Photonics.
 To know the importance of photonics materials.
 To use the ideas of nano photonics and apply in research

UNIT-I

Quantum Confined Materials :Quantum dots – optical transitions – absorption-inter-

band transitions-quantum confinement intraband transitions-fluorescence/
luminescence–photoluminescence/fluorescence optically excited emission –
electroluminescence emission.
12
UNIT-II

Plasmonics :Internal reflection and evanescent waves- plasmons and surface plasmon
resonance (SPR)- Attenuated total reflection- Grating SPR coupling- Optical waveguide
SPR coupling- SPR dependencies and materials- plasmonics and nanoparticles.
12
UNIT-III

New Approaches In Nanophotonics: Near-Field Optics- Aperture near-field optics-

Apertureless near-field optics- Near-field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM or SNOM)-
SNOM based detection of plasmonic energy transport- SNOM based visualization of
waveguide structures- SNOM in nanolithography- SNOM based optical data storage and
recovery.
12
UNIT-IV

Electronic & Photonic Molecular Materials: Preparation –Electroluminescent

Organic materials - Laser Diodes - Quantum well lasers:- Quantum cascade lasers-
Cascade surface-emitting photonic crystal laser- Quantum dot lasers- Quantum wire
lasers:- White LEDs - LEDs based on nanowires - LEDs based on nanotubes- LEDs based
on nanorods High Efficiency Materials for OLEDs- High Efficiency Materials for OLEDs -
Quantum well infrared photo detectors.
12
UNIT-V

Photonic Crystals: Important features of photonic crystals- Presence of photonic

bandgap- Anomalous Group Velocity Dispersion- Microcavity-Effects in Photonic
Crystals- Fabrication of photonic crystals- Dielectric mirrors and interference filters-
Photonic Crystal Laser- PC based LEDs- Photonic crystal fibers (PCFs)- Photonic crystal
sensing.
12
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

References

1. Masuhara. H, Kawata. S and Tokunaga. F, Nano Biophotonics, Elsevier Science, 2007.

64
 2. Saleh. B.E.A and Teich. A.C, Fundamentals of Photonics, John-Wiley & Sons, New
York, 2007.
3. Ohtsu.M, Kobayashi.K, Kawazoe.T and Yatsui.T, Principles of Nanophotonics (Optics
and Optoelectronics), University of Tokyo, Japan, 2003.
4. Joannopoulos.J.D, Meade. R.D and Winn. J.N, Photonic Crystals, Princeton
University Press, Princeton, 1995.
5 Ranier. W, Nano Electronics and Information Technology, Wiley, 2003.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The concepts of nano photonics and its uses
 The importance of applications of Nano photonics in design of devices

65
 Semester IV
Course Title: CHAOS AND SOLITONS
Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-442 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objectives
 To understand the theory of Chaos and bifurcation
 To know the concepts of Chaos characterization
 To study the coherent structures and applications

UNIT-I

General: Linear waves - Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) - Partial Differential

Equations (PDEs) - Methods to solve ODEs and PDEs - Numerical methods-Linear and
Nonlinear oscillators - Nonlinear waves - Qualitative features.
12
UNIT-II

Bifurcations And Onset Of Chaos: One dimensional flows -Two dimensional flows -
Phase plane - Limit cycles Simple bifurcations - Discrete dynamical system - Strange
attractors - Routes to chaos. 12

UNIT-III

Chaos Theory And Characterization :One dimensional maps - Duffing oscillators -

Lorenz equations - BVP and DVP oscillators – Pendulum - Chaos in nonlinear circuits -
Chaos in conservative system - Characterization of chaos - Fractals.

UNIT-IV
12
Coherent Structures: Linear and Nonlinear dispersive waves – Solitons - KdV
equation - Basic theory of KdV equation - Ubiquitous soliton equations - AKNS method,
Backlund Transformation, Hirota bilinearization method, Painleve analysis – Perturbation
Methods - Solitons in optical fibres.

UNIT-V
12

Applications: Synchronization of chaos - Chaos based communication – Cryptography –

Image processing - Stochastic resonance - Chaos based computation - Time series
analysis - Soliton based communication systems - Soliton based computation.

12
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

66
References

1. Lakshmanan M. and Rajasekar S., Nonlinear Dynamics: Integrability, Chaos and

Patterns, Springer, Berlin, 2003.
2. Strogatz S., Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos, Addison Wesley, 1995.
3. Lakshmanan M. and Murali K., Chaos in Nonlinear Oscillators:Controlling and
Synchronization, World Scientific, Singapore, 1996.
4. Hasegawa A. and Kodama Y., Solitons in Optical Communication, Oxford Press,
1998.
5. Drazin G. and Johnson R.S., Solitons: An Introduction, Cambridge University
Press, 1989.

Outcome

At the end of course, students will be ble to understand the.

 Theory of Chaos, Bifurcation and characterization.
 Concepts involving coherent structures.

67
 Semester IV
Course Title: NON LINEAR OPTICS AND MATERIALS
Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-443 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To know the concepts of nonlinear optics and materials.
 To understand the properties of nonlinear materials.

UNIT-I

Lasers: Gas lasers – He-Ne, Az + ion lasers – Solid state lasers – Ruby – Nd: YAG, Ti
Sapphire – Organic dye laser – Rhodamine – Semiconductor lasers – Diode laser, p-n-
junction laser, GaAs laser
12
UNIT-II

Introduction To Nonlinear Optics: Wave propagation in an anisotropic crystal –

Polarization response of materials to light – Harmonic generation – Second harmonic
generation – Sum and difference frequency generation – Phase matching – Third
harmonic generation – bistability – self focusing
12
UNIT-III

Multiphoton Processes :Two photon process – Theory and experiment – Three photon
process Parametric generation of light – Oscillator – Amplifier – Stimulated Raman
scattering – Intensity dependent refractive index optical Kerr effect – photorefractive,
electrooptic effects
12
UNIT-IV

Nonlinear Optical Materials :Basic requirements – Inorganics – Borates – Organics –

Urea, Nitroaniline – Semiorganics –Thiourea complex – X-ray diffraction FTIR, FINMR-
Second harmonic generation – Laserinduced surface damage threshold.
12
UNIT-V

Fiber Optics :Step – Graded index fibers – wave propagation – Fiber modes – Single
and multimode fibers – Numerical aperture – Dispersion – Fiber bandwidth – Fiber loss –
Attenuation coefficient – Material absorption.
12
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

References

1. Laud.B.B., Lasers and Nonlinear Optics, 2nd Edition. New Age International (P)
Ltd., NewDelhi, 1992.
2. Robert W. Boyd, Nonlinear Optics, 3rd Edition., Academic Press, New York, 2008.

68
 3. Govind P. Agarwal, Fiber-Optics Communication Systems, 4th Edition. John Wiley
& Sons Publishers, Singapore, 2012.
4. William T. Silvast, Laser Fundamentals, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge,
2013.
5. Mills. D.L, Nonlinear Optics – Basic Concepts, Springer Publishers, Berlin, 1998.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts about the Non linear optics.
 The importance of use of non linear optics materials in applications.

69
 Semester IV
Course Title: NON LINEAR FIBRE OPTICS
Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-444 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To know the nonlinear effects in fibre optics.
 To understand the applications of non linearity in fibre optics

UNIT-I

Fiber Nonlinearities: Introduction - Nonlinear Refraction - Maxwell's Equations - Fiber

Modes - Eigen value Equations - Single Mode Condition - Nonlinear pulse Propagation -
Higher Order Nonlinear Effects.
12
UNIT-II

Group Velocity Dispersion & Phase Modulation :Gaussian Pulse - Chirped Gaussian
Pulse - Higher Order Dispersions - Changes in Pulse Shape – Self Phase Modulation
(SPM) induced Spectral Broadening - Non-linear Phase Shift - Effect of Group Velocity
Dispersion - Self Steepening - Application of SPM- Cross Phase Modulation (XPM) -
Coupling between Waves of Different Frequencies - Non-linear Birefringence - Optical
Kerr Effect - Pulse Shaping.
12
UNIT-III

Optical Solitons And Dispersion Management :Soliton Characteristics - Soliton

Stability - Dark Solitons – Other kinds of Solitons - Effect of Birefringence in Solitons -
Solitons based Fiber Optic Communication System (Qualitative treatment) – Demerits -
Dispersion Managed Solitons (DMS).
12
UNIT-IV

Soliton Lasers: Non-linear Fiber Loop Mirrors - Soliton Lasers - Fiber Raman Lasers -
Fiber Raman Amplifiers - Fiber Raman Solitons - Erbium doped fiber amplifiers.
12
UNIT-V

Applications Of Solitons :DMS for single channel transmission – WDM transmission -

Fiber Gratings- Fiber Couplers – Fiber Interferometers – Pulse Compression – Soliton
Switching – Soliton light wave systems.

12
Note For Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

References

1. Govind P. Agrawal, Nonlinear Fiber Optics, Academic Press, New York, 1995.
2. Hasegawa.A and Matsumoto.M, Optical Solitons in Fibers, Springer, Berlin, 2003.
3. Govind P. Agrawal, Applications of Nonlinear Fiber Optics, Academic Press, New
York, 2001.

70
 4. Lakshmanan. M and Rajasekar. S, Nonlinear Dynamics: Integrability, Chaos and
Patterns, Springer, Berlin, 2003.
5. Kivshar. Y. S and Govind Agrawal, Optical Solitons: From Fibers to Photonic
Crystals, Academic Press, New York, 2003.

Outcome

At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand

 The basic concepts about the Non linear fibre optics
 The importance of use of non linear effects in fibre optics

71
 Semester IV

Course Title: ADVANCED OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY Maximum

Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-445 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective
 To know the role of advanced optics in laser technology
 To understand the various mechanisms involving operation of laser.

UNIT-I
12
Theory of Diffraction: Kirchhoff’s theorem - Fresnel–Kirchoff integral formula and its
application to diffraction problems - Wave propagation in free space - Fraunhofer and
Fresnel diffraction, Fraunhofer diffraction by a single slit, double slit, diffraction grating,
circular aperture - Fresnel diffraction, Fresnel zones, Fresnel integrals.
12
UNIT-II
Ourier Optics: Concept of spatial Frequencies, Impulse response and transfer
functions- Fourier Transform properties of lens - spatial filtering - theory of imaging
(Focussed and non-focussed) - Pupil functions - Abbe’s principle.

UNIT-III

Laser Systems :Laser systems – General description-Laser structure-excitation

mechanism-Different laser systems- He-Ne laser, Argon-ion laser, Nitrogen laser,
Carbon-dioxide laser - Excimer laser - X-ray laser - Free electron laser, Nd:YAG;
Nd:Glass, Alexandrite laser - Ti-Sapphire laser – Diode pumped solid state laser, Pulsed-
CW dye laser.
12
UNIT-IV

Laser:Q-Switching, Mode Locking And Coherence Of: Theory of Q-switching and

experimental methods - cavity dumping -Theory of Mode locking and experimental
methods - Spatial and Temporal coherence - Methods of detection and measurement of
ultrashort pulses.
12
UNIT-V

Non Linear Optics :Wave propagation in an anisotropic crystal – Polarization response

of materials to light – Harmonic generation – Second harmonic generation – Sum and
difference frequency generation – Phase matching – Third harmonic generation –
bistability – self focusing

12
Note for Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

72
Text Books:

1. Träger, Frank, Handbook of Lasers and Optics, Springer, 2012.

References

1. Born and Wolf, Principles of Optics, Cambridge University press, 1999.

2. Saleh and Tiech, Fundamentals of photonics, Wiley-Interscience Publishers,,
2007.
3. Guenther. R. D., Modern Optics, John Wiley Publishers, 1990.
4. William T. Silfvast, Laser Fundamentals, Cambridge University press, 1996.
5. Robert Boyd. W, Non Linear Optics, 3rd edition, Academic Press, 2008.

Outcome
At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Characteristics of the laser systems.
 Various types of laser systems.

73
 Semester IV

Course Title: Astrophysics

Maximum Marks: 100
Course Code: MPH-446 University
Examination: 60
Credits: 4
Sessional Assessment: 40

Objective

 To study the basic concepts of Galaxies & stars.

 To understand the different approximation methods used in Astrophysics

UNIT I

Galaxies :The Milky way Galaxy, size and shape, Rotation curves of the Galaxy,
Implication of dark matter, Radio-observation and spiral structure, star counts,
interstellar extinction, Implications of Dark matter, Hubble’s classification of galaxies
External galaxies: Methods of extra galactic distance, determination spectra and red-
shift, radio galaxies, quasars
12
UNIT II
Measurement & Observational tools: Systems of coordinates in astronomy, Stellar
parallaxes, Stellar magnitudes, stellar classification, H-R diagram, Saha-Boltzman
equation, colour temperature, temperatures of stars; Observational tools: Optical
Telescope, Photoelectric Photometry, CCD observations, Optical Spectroscopy
12
UNIT III
Thermodynamics of stars: Equation of stellar structure, equation of conservation of
mass, hydrostatic equilibrium, thermal equilibrium and energy transport, polytropic
model, Lane-emden’s equation, central temperature, pressure and application to Sun,
Application of virial theorem to isothermal spheres, Jean’s criteria for stability
12
UNIT IV
Evolution & death of stars: Evolution of stars, interstellar dust and gas, formation of
stars, Evolution of stars on the basis of HR-diagram, Binary stars, masses of binary
stars, Fate of massive stars, Supernovae, White dwarfs, Chandershker limit, neutron
stars, Pulsars, black holes
12
UNIT IV
Cosmology, cosmological principle, Newtonian cosmology, deceleration parameters
critical density, Robertson walker equation and its properties, solution of Robertson-
Walker equations. Einstein field equation in cosmology, Energy tensor of Universe,
solution of Friedman’s equation, Einstein de-sitter model, open model, particle horizon,
Event horizon
12

Note for Paper Setter

The question paper will be divided into two sections. Section A will be compulsory and
will contain 10 very short answer type questions eliciting answers not exceeding 20
words/ multiple choice questions/ fill in the blanks, each carrying one mark equally
distributed from all units. Section B will be contain 10 long answer type questions, two
from each unit and the candidate will be required to answer one from each unit. Each
question carries 10 marks.

74
Reference books:
1. Astronomy by R. H. Baker
2. Structure of Universe by J. V. Narlikar
3. Cosmology by J. V. Narliker
4. Modern Astrophysics by B. W. Carroll and D. A. Ostlie Addison-Weslet Publishing
5. Introductory Astronomy & Astrophysics by M. Zelik & S. A. Gregory, 4th Edition
Saunders College Publishing
6. Theoretical astrophysics, Vol. II: Stars and Stellar Systems, T. Padmanabhan,
Cambridge University Press.

Text books:
1. Structure Formation in the Universe by T. Padmanabhan, vambridge University
2. Stellar Dynamics by S. Chandersakher
3. Stellar Evolution by Kippenhahn
4. Quassars and Active Galactic Nuclei by A. K. Kembehavia & G. V. Narliker, Cambridge
University Press

Outcome
At the end of the course, the students will be able to understand the
 Characteristics of the stars and galaxies .
 Various types of stellar dynamics .

75