Hardware

Input Equipment
AGUS PAMUJI

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Input Hardware
• Keyboards What are the different kinds of keyboards and terminals?
• Pointing Devices Besides the mouse, what do pointing devices include?
• Source Data-Entry Devices What is meant by source data-entry devices,
and what do they include?

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Input Hardware
• Input hardware consists of
devices that translate data into a
form the computer can process.
• Output hardware consists of
devices that translate
information processed by the
computer into a form that
humans can understand

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Input Hardware - Keyboard
A keyboard is a device that converts letters, numbers, and other characters into
electrical signals that can be read by the computer’s processor

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Input Hardware - Keyboard

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• The Different Types of Keyboards
• The Traditional Qwerty Keyboard Layout & Variations
• Dvorak keyboard → is faster and more comfortable to use, but this opinion seems to be
subjective
• Dextr keyboard → available as an app for Android phone
• Snapkeys Si → , forcing users to type on just four squares that hold 12 letters,
• KALQ keyboard → designed for thumb typing on Android phones
• Tactile Versus Touch-screen Keyboards
• Tactile keyboards → tactile keyboards/physical keyboards, which are perceptible to the sense
of touch
• Touch-screen keyboard → also called on-screen or virtual keyboards, are those in which the
image of a keyboard is displayed on a touch screen
• Wired Versus Wireless Keyboards
wired keyboards connect a cable to the computer usually via a USB port
• Infrared wireless keyboards → use infrared-light (IR) technology to transmit signals to a
receiver device plugged into the computer, usually via a USB port.
• Radio-frequency wireless keyboards → which also transmit signals to a receiver plugged into
the computer, have a range of up to 100 feet and have no line-of-sight problems.

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Terminals
Terminals may just input data to and output data from a central computer, but most can
process some data as well.
Dumb Terminals
also called a video display terminal (VDT), has a display screen and a keyboard and
can input and output but cannot process data.
Intelligent Terminals
An intelligent terminal has its own memory and processor, as well as a display screen
and a keyboard
• Automated teller machine: An automated teller machine (ATM) is a self-service banking
machine that is connected through a network to a central computer.
• Point-of-sale terminal: A point-of-sale (POS) terminal is used at many store checkout counters
to record purchases, process debit and credit cards, and update inventory.
• Mobile data terminal: A mobile data terminal (MDT) is a computerized device used in
emergency vehicles, public transit vehicles, trucking fleets, and the like to communicate with a
central dispatch office.

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Terminals

Terminals. ( top left ) Dumb terminals at an airline check-in counter.

Intelligent terminals: ( top right ) ATM. ( bottom left ) A point-of-sale
(POS) terminal at a retail store that records purchases and processes the
buyer’s credit card. ( bottom right ) MDT in an ambulance. 8
Pointing Devices
• Pointing devices include the
mouse and its variants, the
touch screen, and various forms
of pen input.
• Pointing devices control the
position of the cursor or pointer
on the screen and allow the user
to select options displayed on
the screen.

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The Mouse
• One of the most popular devices for giving on-screen commands, the mouse may be
mechanical or optical, wired or wireless. a device that is moved about on a surface
and directs a pointer on the computer’s display screen.
• MECHANICAL MOUSE → , often called a mechanical mouse or a wheeled mouse.
This type of mouse has a ball on the bottom that rotates and controls the pointer on
the screen as the mouse is rolled across the pad
• OPTICAL MOUSE → Optical mice have a smoother response and don’t require a
mouse pad (unless you are working on a transparent glass surface)
• WIRELESS MOUSE → also called cordless mouse, is a battery-operated mouse
that uses radio waves or infrared-light waves to transmit data.
• AIR MOUSE → Designed for users making slide-show presentations, the air mouse
is a wireless motion- sensing mouse that does not need to be in contact with any
surface.

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The Mouse

Mouse mechanics. ( top) Basic parts of a

mouse. ( bottom left ) Inside an optical
mouse. ( right ) The light sensor (LED, or
lightemitting diode) shines through the
bottom of the optical mouse.

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Touch

Young woman browsing YouTube videos Children playing with a touchscreen Interactive touch wall: Bluescape.
on an Apple iPad tablet computer using computer Bluescape, made by Haworth/Obscura
free coffee shop Wi-Fi Digital, displays a unified image across 15
linked 55-inch flat-screen monitor

• Touch Screen → is a display screen that has been sensitized to receive input from the
touch of a finger.
• Multitouch Screen → is a display screen that allows two or more fingers or other
gestures such as pinching motions to be recognized as input at any one time.
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Pen Input
Pen-based
Digitizer
computer uses an electronic pen or a
allow users to enter mouselike copying device
handwriting and marks called a puck
onto a computer

Light pen
is a light-sensitive penlike Inkling
device that uses a wired While you sketch on paper
connection to a computer with a ballpoint pen, Inkling
terminal. captures your sketches
digitally, stroke by stroke

Digital pen
is a writing instrument that
allows users to write on paper
and send the writing as an
image file to the computer

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Source Data-entry Devices
• Source data-entry devices include scanners, bar-code readers, radio-frequency
identification (RFID) tags, mark-recognition and character-recognition devices,
audio-input devices, speechrecognition systems, webcams and video-input
cards, digital cameras, sensors, and biometric input devices.
• Source data-entry devices create machine-readable data on magnetic media or
paper or feed it directly into the computer’s processor

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Source Data-entry Devices
Scanning & Reading Devices

SCANNERS
or optical scanners, use light-sensing
(optical) equipment to translate
images of text, drawings, photos, and
objects into digital form

Some image scanners (top left) Sheet-fed

scanner; (top middle) Air Copy scanner, a
portable Wi-Fi scanner that can scan any photo,
business card, or document directly into a tablet,
smartphone, or computer; (top right) desktop
scanner; (bottom left) technician operating a
laser drum scanner in a commercial printing
plant; (bottom right) 3-D scanner scanning an
apple.
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Source Data-entry Devices
Bar-code Reader

Bar code and bar-code reader This bar-code reader is being used
to update inventory by scanning the information on the stickers
put on the boxes coming into the warehouse

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Source Data-entry Devices
Types Of Bar Codes

• 1-D bar codes: These are today’s ordinary vertical bar

codes, which can hold up to 16 ASCII characters.
These are the bar codes commonly used by
supermarkets.
• 2-D bar codes: Composed of different-size rectangles,
with data recorded along both the height and the length
of each rectangle, these bar codes can hold 1,000–2,000
ASCII characters.
• 3-D bar codes: Used on items such as automobile tires,
these are called “bumpy” bar
• QR Code : QR code, or tag, which is a type of matrix
barcode designed to be read (scanned) by smartphones;
in other words, it is a mobile barcode.
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