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CBSE(NCERT): CLASS X MATHS

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
CHAPTER 06
Pythagoras Theorem
based Questions
By
M. S . Ku m ar S w amy
T GT( Maths )
KV G a c hibowl i
 MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
Choose the correct answer from the given four options:
1. A man goes 80 m due east and then 150 m due north. How far is he from the
starting point?
(a) 110 m (b) 150 m (c) 120 m (d) 170 m
In right-angled triangle ABC, we have:
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
⇒ AC2 = 802 + 1502
⇒ AC2 = 6400 + 22500
⇒ AC2 = 28900
⇒ AC = 170 m
Hence, the correct answer is Option(d).
2. A 13 m long ladder reaches a window of a building 12 m above the ground.
Determine the distance of the foot of the ladder from the building.
(a) 9 m (b) 5 m (c) 6 m (d) none of these
In right-angled triangle ABC, we have:
AB2 = AC2 + BC2
⇒ 132 = 122 + BC2
⇒ BC2 = 132 − 122
⇒ BC2 = 169 − 144
⇒ BC2 = 25
⇒ BC = 5 m
Hence, the correct answer is Option(b).
3. A ladder is placed in such a way that its foot is at a distance of 15 m from a
wall and its top reaches a window 20 m above the ground. Find the length of
the ladder.
(a) 19 m (b) 15 m (c) 20 m (d) 25 m
In right-angled triangle ABC, we get
AC2 = AB2 + BC2
⇒ AC2 = 202 + 152
⇒ AC2 = 400 + 225
⇒ AC2 = 625
⇒ AC = 25 m
Hence, the correct answer is Option(d).
4. An aeroplane leaves an airport and flies due north at a speed of 1000 km/hr.
At the same time, another plane leaves the same airport and flies due west at
a speed of 1200 km/hr. How far apart will the two planes be after 1 hours?
(a) 300 km (b) 300 61 km (c) 150 61 km (d) none of these
Distance covered by plane A in 1 hours = 1000×
=1500 km
Distance covered by plane B in 1 hours = 1200×
=1800 km
In right-angled triangle ABC, we get
AB2 = AC2 + BC2
⇒ AB2 = 15002 + 18002
⇒ AB2 = 2250000 + 3240000
⇒ AB2 = 5490000
⇒ AC = 300 61 km
Hence, the correct answer is Option(b).
5. Find the length of each side of a rhombus whose diagonals are 24 cm and 10
cm long.
(a) 19 cm (b) 16 cm (c) 13 cm (d) 12 cm
We know that the diagonals of a rhombus perpendicularly bisect each other.
∴ ∠AOB = 900, AO = 12 cm and BO = 5 cm
Now, In right triangle AOB
By using Pythagoras theorem we have
AB2 = AO2 + BO2
⇒ AB2 = 122 + 52
⇒ AB2 = 144 + 25
⇒ AB2 = 169
⇒ AB = 13 cm
Hence, the correct answer is Option(c).
6. A ladder 15 m long reaches a window which is 9 m above the ground on one
side of a street. Keeping its foot at the same point, the ladder is turned to the
other side of the street to reach a window 12 m high. Find the width of the
street.
(a) 12 m (b) 9 m (c) 7 m (d) 21 m
From right ∆CAD, we have CD2 = AC2 + AD2 [by Pythagoras' theorem]
⇒ AC2 = CD2 – AD2 = [(15)2 – (9)2] m2
= (225 - 81) m2 = 144 m2.
⇒ AC = 12 m.
From right ∆CBE, we have CE2 = CB2 + BE2
⇒ CB2 = CE2 – BE2 = [(15)2 – 12)2] m2
= (225 – 144) m2 = 81 m2
⇒ CB = 9 m.
Width of the street = AC + CB
= 12 m + 9 m = 21 m.
Hence, the correct answer is Option(d).
7. Two poles of heights 6 m and 11 m stand vertically on a plane ground. If the
distance between their feet is 12 m, fi nd the distance between their tops.
(a) 12 m (b) 9 m (c) 13 m (d) 21 m

In right ∆BED, we have BD2 = BE2 + DE2

= {(12)2 + (5)2} m2
= (144 + 25) m2
= 169 m2
⇒ BD = 13 m.
Hence, the correct answer is Option(c).
8. ∆ABC is a right triangle in which ∠C = 90° and CD ⊥ AB. If BC = a, CA = b,
AB = c and CD = p then + = ?
(a) p2 (b) (c) (d)

We have ar(∆ABC) = x AB x CD
= cp [taking AB as base]
and ar(∆ABC) = x BC x AC
= ab [taking BC as base]
⇒ cp = ab ⇒ cp = ab
⇒ = ⇒ =
⇒ = ⇒ = +

Hence, the correct answer is Option(b).

9. In a given below quadrilateral ABCD,∠B = 90⁰. If AD2 = AB2 + BC2 + CD2,then
∠ACD = ?
(a) 90⁰ (b) 60⁰ (c) 30⁰ (d) none of these

In ∆ABC, ∠B = 90°
∴ AC2 = AB2 + BC2 ............(i) [by Pythagoras' theorem]
Now, AD2 = AB2 + BC2 + CD2 (given)
⇒ AD2 = AC2 + CD2 [using (i)].
Thus, in ∆ACD, we have AD2 = AC2 + CD2.
⇒ ∠ACD = 90°
[by converse of Pythagoras' theorem].
Hence, the correct answer is Option(a).
10. Find the length of a diagonal of a rectangle whose adjacent sides are 30 cm
and 16 cm.
(a) 30 cm (b) 16 cm (c) 34 cm (d) none of these
Let ABCD be the rectangle with diagonals AC and BD
meeting at O.
Here, AB = CD = 30 cm and BC = AD = 16 cm
Applying Pythagoras theorem in right-angled triangle ABC,
we get:
AC2 = AB2 + BC2 = 302 + 162
⇒ AC2 = 900 + 256
⇒ AC2 = 1156
⇒ AC = 34 cm
Diagonals of a rectangle are equal.
Therefore, AC = BD = 34 cm
Hence, the correct answer is Option(c).
11. Find the height of an equilateral triangle of side 12 cm.
(a) 9 3 cm (b) 6 3 cm (c) 3 3 cm (d) 2 3 cm

Let ABC be the equilateral triangle with AD as an altitude

from A meeting BC at D. Then, D will be the midpoint of
BC.
Applying Pythagoras theorem in right-angled triangle ABD,
we get:
AB2 = AD2 + BD2
⇒ AD2 = 122 − 62 (∵ BD = 12BC = 6)
⇒ AD2 = 144 − 36 = 108
⇒ AD = 6 3 cm
Hence, the correct answer is Option(b).
12. ∆ABC is an isosceles triangle with AB = AC = 13 cm. The length of the altitude
from A on BC is 5 cm. Find BC.
(a) 20 cm (b) 26 cm (c) 24 cm (d) none of these
It is given that △ABC is an isosceles triangle.
Also, AB = AC = 13 cm
Suppose the altitude from A on BC meets BC at D.
Therefore, D is the midpoint of BC.
AD = 5 cm
△ADB and △ADC are right-angled triangles.
Applying Pythagoras theorem, we have:
AB2 = AD2 + BD2
⇒ BD2 = AB2 − AD2 ⇒ BD2 = 132 − 52 ⇒ BD2 = 169 − 25 = 144
⇒ BD = 12
⇒ BC = 2(BD) = 2 × 12 = 24 cm
Hence, the correct answer is Option(c).
13. In the given figure, O is a point inside a ∆PQR such that ∠POR = 90°, OP = 6
cm and OR = 8 cm. If PQ = 24 cm and QR = 26 cm, the ∠QPR = ?
(a) 45⁰ (b) 60⁰ (c) 30⁰ (d) none of these
Applying Pythagoras theorem in right-angled triangle POR,
we have PR2 = PO2 + OR2
⇒ PR2 = 62 + 82
⇒ PR2 = 36 + 64 = 100
⇒ PR = 10 cm
In ∆ PQR, PQ2 + PR2 = 242 + 102
= 576 + 100 = 676
and QR2 = 262 = 676
∴ PQ2 + PR2 = QR2
⇒ ∠QPR = 90° [by converse of Pythagoras' theorem].
Hence, the correct answer is Option(d).
14. A guy wire attached to a vertical pole of height 18 m is 24 m long and has a
stake attached to the other end. How far from the base of the pole should the
stake be driven so that the wire will be taut?
(a) 9 7 m (b) 6 7 m (c) 3 7 m (d) 2 7 m
Let AB be a guy wire attached to a pole BC of height 18 m.
Now, to keep the wire taut let it to be fixed at A.
Now, In right triangle ABC
By using Pythagoras theorem, we have
AB2 = BC2 + CA2
⇒ 242 = 182 + CA2
⇒ CA2 = 576 − 324
⇒ CA2 = 252
⇒ CA = 6 7 m
Hence, the correct answer is Option(b).
15. In ∆ABC, if AB = 16 cm, BC = 12 cm and AC = 20 cm, then ∆ABC is
(a) acute-angled (b) right-angled
(c) obtuse-angled (d) none of these

We have AB2 + BC2 = 162 + 122

= 256 + 144
= 400
and AC2 = 202 = 400
∴ AB2 + BC2 = AC2
⇒ ∆ABC is a right-angled triangle.
Hence, the correct answer is Option(b).
16. In an isosceles ∆ABC, if AC = BC and AB2 = 2AC2, then ∠C = ?
(a) 30° (b) 45° (c) 60° (d) 90°

Given AC = BC
AB2 = 2AC2 = AC2 + AC2
= AC2 + BC2 (∵ AC = BC)
Applying converse of Pythagoras theorem, we conclude
that ∆ABC is right angled at C.
or, ∠C = 90°
Hence, the correct answer is Option(d).
17. In a rhombus of side 10 cm, one of the diagonals is 12 cm long. The length of
the second diagonal is
(a) 20 cm (b) 18 cm (c) 16 cm (d) 22 cm
Let ABCD be the rhombus with diagonals AC and BD intersecting each other at O.
Also, diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right angles.
If AC =12 cm, AO = 6 cm
Applying Pythagoras theorem in right-angled triangle AOB.
we get AB2 = AO2 + BO2
⇒ BO2 = AB2 − AO2
⇒ BO2 = 102 − 62
⇒ BO2 = 100 − 36 = 64
⇒ BO = 8
⇒ BD = 2 × BO
= 2 × 8 = 16 cm
Hence, the correct answer is Option(c).
18. In an equilateral triangle ABC, if AD ⊥ BC, then which of the following is true?
(a) 2AB2 = 3AD2 (b) 4AB2 = 3AD2
(c) 3AB2 = 4AD2 (d) 3AB2 = 2AD2
Applying Pythagoras theorem in right-angled triangles
ABD and ADC, we get AB2 = AD2 + BD2
⇒ AB2 = ( AB)2 + AD2
(∵ △ABC is equilateral and AD = AB)
⇒ AB2 = AB2 + AD2
⇒ AB2 − AB2 = AD2
⇒ AB2 = AD2
⇒ 3AB2 = 4AD2
Hence, the correct answer is Option(c).
19. The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 25 cm. The other two sides are such that
one is 5 cm longer. The lengths of these sides are
(a) 10 cm, 15 cm (b) 15 cm, 20 cm
(c) 12 cm, 17 cm (d)13 cm, 18 cm
It is given that the length of hypotenuse is 25 cm.
Let the other two sides be x cm and (x−5) cm.
Applying Pythagoras theorem, we get:
252 = x2 + (x − 5)2
⇒ 625 = x2 + x2 + 25 − 10x ⇒ 2x2 − 10x − 600 = 0 ⇒ x2 − 5x − 300 = 0
⇒ x2 − 20x + 15x − 300 = 0 ⇒ x(x − 20) + 15(x − 20) = 0 ⇒ (x − 20)(x + 15) = 0
⇒ x − 20 = 0 or x + 15 = 0
⇒ x = 20 or x = −15
Side of a triangle cannot be negative. Therefore, x = 20 cm
Now, x − 5 = 20 − 5 = 15 cm
Hence, the correct answer is Option(b).
20. In the given figure, O is the point inside a △MNP such that ∠MOP = 900 ,
OM = 16 cm and OP = 12 cm. If MN = 21 cm and ∠NMP = 900 then NP = ?
(a) 25 cm (b) 29 cm (c) 33 cm (d) 35 cm
In right triangle MOP
By using Pythagoras theorem, we have MP2 = PO2 + OM2
⇒ MP2 = 122 + 162
⇒ MP2 = 144 + 256 = 400
⇒ MP = 20 cm
Now, In right triangle MPN
By using Pythagoras theorem, we have PN2 = NM2 + MP2
⇒ PN2 = 212 + 202
⇒ PN2 = 441 + 400
⇒ PN2 = 841
⇒ PN = 29 cm
Hence, the correct answer is Option(b).
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