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Soil Science and Engineering Questions

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75 views4 pages

Soil Science and Engineering Questions

Uploaded by

descentndlovu5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.

Explain the influence of each of the CEC on each of the following

-soil type (2)

-soil pH (2)

b. Define the following

-Effective field capacity

-Effective operating time

c. Briefly describe the following

-irrigation method

-irrigation system

-irrigation scheme (6)

d.Explain any three affecting field efficiency of a machine (6)

2. a. Compare and contrast the four stroke and two stroke engines (10)

b. Farm implements are classified according to modes of hitch. Briefly explain the mode of hitch giving
examples of implements in each case (10)

3. a) Give any four factors considered when calibrating a knapsack sprayer (4)

b) The quantity of spray solution required is given by the following formula

Q=V1-V2×A/a

Where ; Q is the amount of spray solution in litres per hectare

V1 -volume of water before spray

V2- volume of water after spray

A -area equivalent to 1ha

a - measured area of spray in metres

Given that the quantity of water poured in a spray was 16l, the area sprayed was 100m n remaining
volume of water 10l.

i)Calculate the amount of water solution to cover two hectares (3)

ii) What are implications of improper calibration on herbicides use (3)


4. Explain how organic matter content of a soil influence the following

i) Bulky density (2)

ii) soil temperature (2)

iii) soil moisture (2)

b. Explain the importance of secondary tillage in seedbed preparation (4)

5. iDefine the term % base saturation (1)

ii) Explain how base saturation influence soil pH (2)

iii) what is the significance of % base saturation in soil fertility management (2)

b. What is exchangeable sodium (1)

c. What is the significance of exchangeable sodium % in soil fertility management (2)

d. Explain the problems that can be experienced in soils with high exchangeable sodium % (4)

6. The table below CEC values X, Y, Z collected from top soil, middle soil and bottom soil of a soil catena
respectively.

Soil CEC (moles kg/-1 X Y Z

89 179 640

a Explain the possible reasons for the differences in CEC values for X, Y, Z

b. Suggest soil conservation measures that can be implemented where the soil Y and Z have been
collected (4)

7. A farm intends to start a goat project, and had to construct a paddock measuring 100m X 100m. How
many 50kg bundles of barbed wire does the farmer need if each bundle covers 25m (3)

b. Calculate total number of bundles of barbed wire if the farmer is to apply four strands on the same
piece of land (5)

c. What other fencing material would the farmer require for fencing the paddock (4)

8. The diagram below shows a primary tillage implement

Single furrow mouldboard plough

Name the parts

b. Explain the difference between primary and secondary tillage implements, giving examples in each (6)
9. Articulate any five measures a farmer may take to maintain soil structure (10)

10. What key factors do you need when selecting an irrigation system under general circumstances (10)

11. Explain the difficulties faced by small scale farmers in mechanizing the operations and suggest
possible solutions to these problems (20)

12. Porosity has an influence in water holding capacity of different types of soil. Explain how it affects
the holding capacity of

Clay (2)

Sand (2)

b. How does tillage influence bulk density of soil (4)

c. Explain how the level of organic matter is influenced by

rainfall (2)

Temperature (2)

13. Define soil under the following context

a. Pedalogical

b. Edaphological (4)

14. Define the following terms as used in engineering

-irrigation

- theoratical field capacity (6)

15. State four importances of soil to human beings (4)

b. Define the following terms as used in soil science

-chrome

-soil series (4)

c.Explain factors that affects soil colour (4)

d. Compare and contrast drip and sprinkler irrigation (10)

c. What are the common sources of irrigation water (4)

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