COMPUTER APPLICATIONS COMP-152 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY SHORT QUESTIONS

CHAPTER NO. 1 (ELECTRONIC DATA PROCESSING)

1) Define computer.
a) Computer is an electronic device which converts data into information after processing.
b) Examples: PCs, laptop, tablet, mobile, thermometer, ultrasound machine etc.
2) Describe data.
a) It is the collection of unprocessed facts and figures.
b) It is large in size.
c) It is meaningless.
d) Examples: Aslam, Ali, 0300-1234567, 12-12-2000, House No. 10 Taxila etc.
3) Describe information.
a) It is the collection of processed facts and figures.
b) It is small in size.
c) It is meaningful.
d) Examples: student college card, student bus pass, CNIC, Form B, Domicile etc.
4) Write down the difference between data and information.

Data Information
1) Data is unprocessed facts and 1) Information is processed facts and
figures. figures.
2) It is large in size. 2) It is small in size.
3) It is meaningless. 3) It is meaningful.
4) It depends upon different sources. 4) It depends upon data.

5) Describe data processing.

a) Conversion of data into information is called data processing.
b) Example: generation of merit list, student cards, student registration from the student data etc.
6) Describe manual data processing.
a) In this type, data is processed manually.
b) Example: the processing done by group of persons using pen and paper.
7) Describe electronic data processing.
a) In this type, data is processed electronically.
b) Example: the processing done by computer
8) Describe information technology.
a) The technology which is used to spread information.
b) Examples: telephone, radio, TV, computer, internet etc.
9) Name the components of computer system.
a) Software
b) Hardware
10) Describe software.
a) The instruction given to the computer
Or
The components which we cannot touch.
b) Examples: MS WORD, MS EXCEL, MS POWERPOINT, AUTOCAD, COREL DRAW etc.
11) Describe hardware.
a) The physical parts of the computer
Or
The components which we can touch.
b) Examples: mouse, keyboard, LCD, CPU, hard disk, CD etc.

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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS COMP-152 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY SHORT QUESTIONS

13) Write down the difference between hardware and software.

Hardware Software
1. The physical parts of computer. 1. The instructions given to computer
2. It can be touched. 2. It cannot be touched.
3. It depends on software. 3. It depends on hardware.
4. Examples: Mouse, Keyboard, LCD, 4. Examples: MS WORD, MS EXCEL,
hard disk, CD etc. AUTO CAD, COREL DRAW etc.

14) Name data types.

a) There are six types of data.
i) Alphabetic data
ii) Numeric data
iii) Alphanumeric data.
iv) Image data
v) Audio data
vi) Video data
15) Describe alphabetic data.
a) The data which has alphabets.
b) Examples: Aslam, Ali, Pakistan, Taxila etc.
16) Describe numeric data.
a) The data which has numbers.
b) Examples: 786, 15, 1122, 03001234567, 374061234567891 etc.
17) Describe alphanumeric data.
a) The data which has alphabets, numbers and special characters.
b) Examples: Rescue 1122, 0300-1234567, House No. 9, Taxila etc.
18) Describe image data.
a) The data which has images.
b) Examples: personal pics, animal pics, nature pics, building pics etc.
19) Describe audio data.
a) The data which has audios.
b) Examples: voice chats, audio lectures, audio songs etc.
20) Describe video data.
a) The data which has videos.
b) Examples: video chats, video lectures, video songs, movies etc.
21) Name types of computer.
a) There are three types of computer.
i) Analog computer
ii) Digital computer
iii) Hybrid computer
22) Describe analog computer.
a) The computer which processes analog data.
b) Examples: speedometer, thermometer etc.
23) Describe digital computer.
a) The computer which processes digital data.
b) Examples: PCs, Laptops, Tablets, Mobile Phones etc.
24) Describe hybrid computer.
a) The computer which processes both analog and digital data at the same time.
b) Examples: Ultrasound machine, ECG machine, Gasoline station etc.

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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS COMP-152 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY SHORT QUESTIONS

25) List the computer Generations.

a) First Generation (1940-1955) : Vacuum tube based
b) Second Generation (1956-1963) : Transistor based
c) Third Generation (1964-1971) : Integrated circuit based
d) Fourth Generation (1972-2010) : Microprocessor based
e) Fifth Generation (2010-present) : ULSI Microprocessor based
26) Explain the features of first generation computers.
a) Vacuum tube technology
b) Unreliable
c) Support machine language only
d) Very costly
e) Generate lots of heat
f) Slow input and output devices
g) Huge size
h) Need of AC
i) Non portable
j) Consumes lots of electricity
k) Examples: ENIAC, EDSAC, UNIVAC-I, UNIVAC-II and UNIVAC-11O1
27) Explain the features of second generation computers.
a) Transistor based technology
b) Reliable as compared to first generation computers
c) Smaller size as compared to first generation computers
d) Generates less heat as compared to first generation computers
e) Consumes less electricity as compared to first generation computers
f) Faster as compared to first generation computers
g) Still very costly
h) AC required
i) Support machine and assembly languages
j) Examples: UNIVAC III, Philco Transact S-2000, NCR-300 series, IBM-7030 Stretch, IBM-7070, 7080, 7090
Series
28) Explain the features of third generation computers.
a) IC based technology
b) More reliable as compared to first and second generation computers
c) Smaller size as compared to first and second generation computers
d) Generate less heat as compared to first and second generation computers
e) Faster as compared to first and second generation computers
f) Lesser maintenance required as compared to first and second generation computers
g) Costly
h) AC required
i) Consumed lesser electricity
j) Support high level language
k) Examples: Burroughs 6700, Honey well 200 and IBM System 360
29) Explain the features of fourth generation computers.
a) VLSI technology based (microprocessor based)
b) Very cheap
c) Portable and reliable
d) Use as PCs
e) Very small size
f) No AC required
g) Concept of internet was introduced
h) Great developments in the field of networks
i) Computers became easily available
j) Examples: STAR 1000, PDP 11, CRAY -1

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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS COMP-152 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY SHORT QUESTIONS

30) Explain the features of fifth generation computers.

a) ULSI technology based
b) Development of true Artificial intelligence
c) Development of natural language processing
d) Advancement in parallel processing
e) Advancement in superconductor technology
f) More user friendly interfaces with multimedia features
g) Very powerful and compact computers
h) Very cheap
i) Examples: Desktop, Laptop, Notebook, Robotics
31) Draw the block diagram of computer.

32) Describe input unit.

a) The unit which has input devices.
b) Examples: mouse, keyboard, light pen, touch pad etc.
33) Describe output unit.
a) The unit which has output devices.
b) Examples: monitor, printer, speaker, plotter etc.
34) Describe CPU.
a) CPU stands for Central Processing Unit.
b) It is the brain of the computer.
c) It is also called Processor.
d) It takes the data from RAM, processes it and sends back to RAM.
e) It consists of two units: ALU and CU
f) It also has various small memory units called Registers.
35) Describe Control Unit.
a) It controls the data flow between different devices of computer.
b) It works like traffic control officer who controls the traffic from different sides on road.
c) It is the most important part of CPU.
36) Describe Arithmetic and logic unit.
a) It performs the arithmetic and logic calculations.
b) Arithmetic functions are add, subtract, multiplication and division.
c) Logic calculation means decision making like fail, pass, first position etc.
d) It takes the data from RAM and after processing sends back to RAM.

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37) Describe types of CPU.

a) There are two types of processors.
i) RISC Processors
ii) CISC Processors
38) Define RISC processors.
a) RISC stands for reduced instructions set computing
b) It has simple instructions.
c) Its main focus is on hardware.
d) It requires more RAM.
e) It is speedy than CISC but less efficient.
39) Define CISC processors.
a) CISC stands for complex instructions set computing
b) It has complex instructions.
c) Its main focus is on software.
d) It requires less RAM.
e) It is slow than RISC but more efficient.
40) Describe memory unit.
a) The unit which stores the data.
b) Examples: RAM, ROM, Hard disk etc.
41) Describe bit.
a) It is the smallest unit of computer memory.
b) The full form of bit is binary digit.
c) 0 and 1 are binary digits or bits.
42) Describe byte.
a) It is the measuring unit of computer memory.
b) 1 byte (B) = 8 bits (b)
c) Examples are: 11110000, 10101010 etc.
d) The larger units are kilobyte (KB), Megabyte (MB), Gigabyte (GB), Terabyte (TB) etc.
43) Describe nibble.
a) It is a small memory unit of computer memory.
b) 1 nibble = 4 bits
44) Name types of software.
a) There are two types of software.
i) System software
ii) Application software
45) Describe system software.
a) The software which runs hardware and applications.
b) Examples: MS WINDOWS, UNIX, LINUX, Mac OS, ANDROID etc.
46) Describe application software.
a) The software which performs a specific task.
b) Examples: MS WORD, MS EXCEL, MS POWERPOINT etc.
47) Differentiate between system software and application software.
System software Application software
1.It is a general purpose software. 1. It is special purpose software.
2.It is designed for systems. 2. It is designed for users.
3.It can work independently. 3. It cannot work independently.
4.Types: operating system, device 4. Types: word processor, spread
driver, utility software etc. sheets, presentation software etc.
48) Name the types of memory.
a) Primary memory/main memory
b) Secondary memory/secondary storage

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COMPUTER APPLICATIONS COMP-152 MECHANICAL TECHNOLOGY SHORT QUESTIONS

49) Describe primary memory/main memory.

a) It is directly accessed by the CPU.
b) It is both volatile and non-volatile.
c) It is fast but expensive.
d) Examples: RAM and ROM etc.
50) Describe secondary memory/secondary storage.
a) It is not directly accessed by the CPU.
b) It is a non-volatile memory.
c) It is slow but inexpensive.
d) Examples: Hard disk, USB, CD etc.
51) Describe the flash memory.
a) It is a non-volatile memory.
b) It can be reprogrammed electronically.
c) It has a high data transfer speed.
d) Examples: cell phones, digital cameras, solid state drives, tablets, SD card etc.
52) Describe volatile memory.
a) It is a temporary memory.
b) The data is erased when the computer is switched off.
c) It is fast but expensive.
d) Examples: RAM and Cache
53) Describe non-volatile memory.
a) It is a permanent memory.
b) The data remains safe when the computer is switched off.
c) It is slow but inexpensive.
d) Examples: ROM and HDD etc.
54) Describe cache memory.
a) It is a small size RAM.
b) It is inside the processor.
c) It is static RAM.
d) It is fast but expensive.
55) Describe registers.
a) It is a small memory unit.
b) It is inside the CPU.
c) It is fast.
d) It stores the addresses of instructions.
56) Describe RAM.
a) RAM stands for random access memory.
b) It is a temporary memory.
c) It is fast but expensive.
d) It has two types: SRAM and DRAM
57) Why RAM is called a random access memory?
a) RAM is called a random access memory because any data in RAM can be accessed randomly.
58) Why RAM is called a volatile memory?
a) RAM is called a volatile memory because the data is erased when the computer is switched off.
59) Name types of RAM.
a) There are two types of RAM.
i) SRAM (Static random access memory)
ii) DRAM (Dynamic random access memory)
60) Describe SRAM
a) It is faster than DRAM.
b) It is more expensive than DRAM.
c) It does not need to be refreshed.
d) It is inside the processor.

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61) Describe DRAM.

a) It is slower than SRAM.
b) It is cheaper than SRAM.
c) It needs to be refreshed.
d) It is on the motherboard.
62) Describe ROM.
a) ROM stands for read only memory.
b) It is a primary memory.
c) It is a non-volatile memory.
d) It has three types: PROM, EPROM, EEPROM
63) Name types of ROM.
a) There are three types of ROM.
i) PROM (Programmable read only memory)
ii) EPROM (Erasable programmable read only memory)
iii) EEPROM (Electrically erasable programmable read only memory)
64) Describe PROM.
a) It is a programmable read only memory.
b) It cannot be reprogrammed.
c) The data cannot be erased.
d) It is cheaper than EPROM and EEPROM.
65) Describe EPROM.
a) It is an erasable programmable read only memory.
b) It can be reprogrammed.
c) The data can be erased using ultraviolet rays.
d) It is cheaper than EEPROM.
66) Describe EEPROM.
a) It is an electrically erasable programmable read only memory.
b) It can be reprogrammed.
c) The data can be erased electrically.
d) It is mostly uses in mobiles.
67) Describe input devices.
a) The devices which are used to input the data are called input devices.
b) Examples: mouse, keyboard, touch screen etc.
68) Name the input devices.
a) Mouse
b) Keyboard
c) Touch pad/track pad
d) Touch screen
e) Light pen
f) Game controller
g) Graphic tablet
h) Track ball
i) Image Scanner
j) Microphone
k) Bar code reader
l) Pointing stick
69) Describe keyboard.
a) It is an input device.
b) It is used to enter the alphanumeric data.
c) It has alphabetic keys, numeric keys, symbol keys, arrow keys, function keys and special purpose keys.
d) It has more than 100 keys.
e) It is inexpensive.

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70) Describe mouse.

a) It is an input device.
b) It is also called a pointing device.
c) It is used to give commands.
d) It has a left click button, right click button and a scroll wheel button.
e) The pointer moves with the movement of mouse.
f) Generally Left click is used to give commands, right click to see properties and scroll wheel to scroll the
document.
g) It is an optical device.
h) It is inexpensive.
71) Describe light pen.
a) It is an input device.
b) It gives input using light sensor.
c) It requires great positional accuracy.
d) It is mostly used in designing.
72) Describe touch pad/track pad.
a) It is an input device.
b) It is used in laptops.
c) It operates with finger movement.
d) It has two buttons.
73) Describe pointing stick.
a) It is available in center of the laptop keyboards.
b) It works with the finger pressure.
c) It is a pointing device.
74) Describe touch screen.
a) It is both input and output device.
b) It is widely used now-a-days.
c) The common examples are smart phones, tablets, ATMs, electronic voting machines etc.
d) It is a low cost device.
75) Describe game controller.
a) It is an input device.
b) It is used for playing games.
c) The examples are keyboard, mouse, gamepad, joystick, steering wheel for driving games, light guns for
shooting games etc.
d) Its cost depends on the nature of the game.
76) Describe bar code reader.
a) It is an input device.
b) It usually reads a pattern of black lines with white spaces and converts into readable information.
c) It is mostly used in retail business.
d) It is used for record keeping.
77) Describe image scanner.
a) It is an input device.
b) It converts hard copy into soft copy.
c) It is mostly used in offices.
d) It is available in different paper sizes.
78) Describe output devices.
a) The devices which are used to receive the output are called output devices.
b) Examples: monitor, printer, speaker etc.

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79) Enlist output devices.

a) Monitor
b) Data projector
c) Printer
d) Speaker
e) Plotter
80) Describe monitor.
a) It is an output device.
b) It displays the output on a screen.
c) It is available in different displays like CRT, LCD, and LED etc.
d) It is available in different sizes.
81) Name the types of monitor.
a) CRT monitor
b) Flat panel monitor
82) Describe the CRT monitor.
a) It uses cathode ray tube technology.
b) It has electron gun on one side and fluorescent screen on the other side.
c) It is heavy in weight but low in cost.
d) It consume more energy than flat panel monitor.
83) Describe flat panel monitor.
a) It uses a thin panel design.
b) It uses liquid crystals or light emitting diodes for display.
c) It is lighter in weight but high in cost.
d) It consumes less energy than CRT monitor.
84) Describe LCD monitor.
a) It is an output device.
b) It uses layer of color pixels, transparent electrodes and polarizing filters.
c) Firstly light is being polarized.
d) Secondly it passes through liquid crystal layer.
e) It is lighter, low cost and energy saving device.
85) Describe LED monitor.
a) It is an output device.
b) It uses light emitting diodes for display.
c) It is the most advance technology.
d) It saves energy but costly.
e) It is available in HD, FHD, UHD and curved displays.
86) Describe data projector.
a) It is an output device.
b) It projects the output on a big screen.
c) It has a variety of inputs like VGA, HDMI, WIFI, BLUETOOH etc.
d) It is widely used in class rooms and auditoriums.
e) It is a costly device.
87) Describe speaker.
a) It is an output device.
b) It receives digital audio input from computer.
c) It converts digital audio input into sound waves.
d) It is a low cost device and available in different qualities.
88) Describe printer.
a) It is an output device.
b) It converts soft copy into hard copy.
c) Its quality is measured in DPI (Dots per Inch).
d) Its speed is measured in WPM (Words per minute) or PPM (Pages per minute).

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89) Name the types of printer.

a) Impact printer
b) Non-impact printer
90) Describer impact printer.
a) It prints the data by striking on the paper.
b) It is noisy but inexpensive.
c) It has slow speed.
d) Its quality is low.
e) Examples: dot matrix printers, daisy wheel printers etc.
91) Name the types of impact printer.
a) Daisy wheel printer
b) Dot matrix printer
c) Line printer
92) Describe daisy wheel printer.
a) It is an impact printer.
b) It is an innovation of typewriter.
c) It is noisy.
d) It has slow printing speed.
e) It cannot print graphics.
93) Describe Dot Matrix Printer.
a) It uses carbon ribbon and print head for printing.
b) It is low in cost but noisy.
c) It has slow speed and low quality.
d) It is mostly used in industries.
94) Describe line printer.
a) It is an impact printer.
b) It prints one line at a time.
c) It can print 300 to 3000 lines per minute.
d) It is used for bulk printing.
e) It is noisy.
95) Describer non-impact printer.
a) It prints the data by spraying of ink or throwing of toner.
b) It is speedy but expensive.
c) Its quality is high.
d) It makes no noise.
e) It is commonly used in offices and homes.
f) Examples: ink jet printer and laser printer
96) Name the types of non-impact printer.
a) Ink jet printer
b) Laser printer
97) Describe ink jet printer.
a) It sprays ink for printing.
b) It is slow in speed but high in quality.
c) It is mostly used in graphical printing.
d) Its price depends on its speed and quality.
98) Describe laser printer.
a) It uses toner for printing.
b) It is speedy but expensive.
c) It is commonly used in offices and homes.
d) Its printing is permanent.
e) It is also known as pager printer.

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99) Describe plotter.

a) It is used for printing vector graphics (the graphics based on mathematical equations).
b) It is used for architectural blueprints, engineering designs and CAD drawings.
c) It has two types: drum plotters and flatbed plotters.
d) Drum plotter spin the paper on cylinder back and forth.
e) Flatbed plotter moves ink pens left and right on paper.
100) Describe secondary storage devices.
a) The devices which permanently store the data are called secondary storage devices.
b) Examples: hard disk, floppy disk, CD, USB etc.
101) Enlist the secondary storage devices.
a) Magnetic tape
b) Floppy disk
c) Hard disk
d) CD (Compact Disk)
e) DVD (Digital Video Disk)
f) USB (Universal Serial Bus)
g) Memory card
102) Name the types of storage devices.
a) Magnetic storage devices
b) Optical storage devices
c) Solid State Storage devices
103) Describe magnetic storage devices.
a) The devices which stores the data magnetically.
b) Examples: floppy disk, hard disk etc.
104) Describe optical storage devices.
a) The devices which stores the data optically.
b) Examples: CD, DVD etc.
105) Describe solid state storage devices.
a) The devices which stores the data through electronic circuits.
b) Examples: SSD, USB, Memory card etc.
106) Describe magnetic tape.
a) It is the oldest storage device.
b) It is made of plastic, coated with magnetic material.
c) It is sequential access device.
d) It has slow speed and low capacity.
107) Describe floppy disk.
a) It was introduced by IBM in 1971.
b) It consists of thin and flexible magnetic disk.
c) It is removable storage media.
d) The 3.5 inch floppy disk can store 1.44 MB data.
e) A floppy drive is used to read and write the data on floppy disk.
108) Describe hard disk.
a) It consists of one or more metal plates called platters.
b) Metal plates are coated with magnetic material.
c) Each platter has tracks and sectors on it.
d) It also has a read\write head.
e) It is available in different sizes. e.g. 150 GB up to Tera Bytes.
109) Describe CD (Compact Disk).
a) It is an optical storage device.
b) It uses laser beam to store the data.
c) It has different types like CD-ROM, CD-R (Recordable), CD-RW (Re-writeable).
d) It has a capacity of 700 MB.
e) CD drive is used to read and write the data on disk.

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110) Describe DVD (Digital Video Disk).

a) It is an optical storage device.
b) It has different types like DVD-R, DVD-RW.
c) It has a capacity of up to 17 GB.
d) DVD drive is used to read and write the data on disk.
111) Describe USB Flash Drive.
a) It is a small, ultra-portable storage device.
b) It connects to computer via USB port.
c) It is often referred as pen drive.
d) It is available in different sizes.
112) Explain use/applications of computers in home.
a) It is used to maintain personal records.
b) It is used for making home budgets.
c) It is used for browsing and surfing internet.
d) It is used for entertainment.
113) Explain use/applications of computers in education.
a) It is used for teaching purpose.
b) It is used for research purpose.
c) It is used for online teaching and taking exams.
d) Students can solve different problems quickly and efficiently.
114) Explain use/applications of computers in business.
a) It is used for e commerce.
b) It is used for marketing.
c) It is used for online business meetings.
d) It is used for record keeping.
115) Explain use/applications of computers in banks.
a) It is used for record keeping.
b) It is used for customer service
c) It is used for e banking.
d) It is used to communicate with other branches.
116) Explain use/applications of computers in medical field.
a) It is used for maintaining patient history.
b) It is used for patient monitoring.
c) It is used for diagnosis of diseases.
d) It is used in laboratory testing.
117) Explain use/applications of computers in defense.
a) It is used in developing missiles.
b) It is used in radar and aircraft systems.
c) It is used in submarine systems.
d) It is a communication tool between soldiers and commander.
118) Explain use/applications of computers in engineering.
a) In mechanical engineering, CAD/CAM is used for tool and machine designing.
b) In civil engineering, AutoCAD is used for designing building structures.
c) In electrical engineering, Different softwares are used for circuit analysis.
d) In Mechatronics engineering, Programming languages are used for Artificial intelligence.
119) Enlist classification of computers.
a) Computers are classified in four categories.
i) Super computers
ii) Mainframe computers
iii) Mini computers
iv) Micro computers

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120) Explain super computers.

a) It can perform trillions of instructions per seconds.
b) It has a large number of processors.
c) It has an immense number of RAM units.
d) It performs parallel processing.
e) Thousands of users can perform tasks at the same time.
f) It is huge in size.
g) It is very expensive.
h) It is used in testing nuclear explosion, space operations and weather forecasting etc.
121) Explain mainframe computers.
a) It can perform millions of instructions per second.
b) Hundreds of users can perform tasks at the same time.
c) It is big in size.
d) It is expensive.
e) It is used by business organizations and government departments.
f) It is used for research purpose and in banking etc.
122) Explain mini computers.
a) It is bigger than microcomputer.
b) It is expensive than microcomputer.
c) It is also called as server.
d) It is used in administration of networks.
e) It is multi user computer.
f) It is difficult to handle.
123) Explain microcomputers.
a) It is smaller than minicomputer.
b) It is inexpensive.
c) It is also called as PC.
d) It is used for general purposes.
e) It is a single user computer.
f) It is easy to handle.
124) Define binary number system.
a) The number system which consists of two digits.
b) 0 and 1 are the digits in binary number system.
c) Computer performs all tasks using binary language.
125) Define programming language.
a) A language used to write instructions for computers is called programming language.
b) Examples: BASIC, C++, FORTRAN, PASCAL etc.
126) Name types of programming languages.
a) There are two types of programming languages.
i) High level language
ii) Low level language
127) Define high level language.
a) It is easier to understand.
b) It has common language and mathematical notations.
c) It needs compiler or interpreter.
d) It is easy to identify errors in this language.
128) Define low level language.
a) It is harder to understand.
b) Its notation comprises on symbols and binary digits.
c) It is difficult to identify errors in this language.
d) It has two types: assembly language & machine language

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129) Define assembly language.

a) It is harder to understand.
b) Its notation comprises on symbols called pneumonic.
c) It is difficult to identify errors in this language.
d) It needs assembler.
130) Define assembler.
a) A program that converts assembly language into machine language.
b) Examples: GAS, GNU etc.
131) Define compiler.
a) A program that converts high level language into machine language.
b) It compiles whole program before execution.
c) Examples: C, C++, JAVA etc.
132) Define interpreter.
a) A program that converts high level language into machine language.
b) It compiles one line at a time and executes it.
c) Examples: Python, Perl, Java script etc.

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