MERU UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
P.O. Box 972-60200 – Meru-Kenya.
Tel: +254 (0)799529958, +254 (0)799529959, +254 (0)712524293
Website: www.must.ac.ke Email:
[email protected] University Examinations 2021/2022
THIRD YEAR, FIRST SEMESTER EXAMINATION FOR THE DEGREE OF BACHELOR
OF SCIENCE IN MEDICAL LABORATORY
HML 3313: MEDICAL BACTERIOLOGY
DATE: OCTOBER 2022 TIME: 3 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS: Answer all questions in Section A, section B and any two in questions in
Section C
SECTION A MCQ (20MARKS)
1. S.pneumoniae and the viridians streptococci can be differentiated by which test?
a) Optochin disk test
b) Bacitracin disk test, 0.04 unit
c) CAMP test
d) Bile esculin test
2. Ciprofloxacin acts by inhibiting
a) Cell wall synthesis
b) RNA synthesis
c) Folate synthesis
d) DNA gyrase
3. Father of microbiology is
a) Louis Pasteur
b) Joseph Lister
c) A.V. Leeuwenhock
d) Robert Koch
4. Each of the following can cause food poisoning except:
a) Staphylococcus
b) Clostridium tetani
c) Clostridium welchii
d) Clostridium botulinum
5. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was first discovered by
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a) Robert Koch
b) Edward Jenner
c) Louis Pasteur
d) None of these
6. The anthrax disease is most frequently infected from
a) Cattle
b) Sheep
c) Rats
d) Both a and b
7. Dark ground microscopy is used for detection of –
a) Spirochetes
b) Fungi
c) Chlamydia
d) Virus
8. The disadvantage of boiling as a method of disinfection is
a) Only soft water can be used
b) Not effective for rubber gloves
c) Does not destroy spores
d) Does not kill vibrio cholera
9. Beta-lactum ring is present in
a) Erythromycin
b) Penicillin
c) Tetracyclins
d) Chloramphenicol
10. Nagler reaction detects
a) Corynebacterium diphtheriae
b) Clostridium tetani
c) Clostridium perfringens
d) Clostridium botulinum
11. The most common mode of cell division in bacteria is
a) Binary fission
b) Transverse binary fission
c) Longitudinal binary fission
d) None of these
12. Identify the obligate anaerobes
a) Salmonella
b) Vibrio cholera
c) Clostridium tetani
d) Sarcinae
13. Diphtheria is caused by
a) Corynebacterium
b) Staphylococcus
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c) Streptococcus
d) None of these
14. Bacillus is an example of
a) Gram positive bacteria
b) Gram negative bacteria
c) Virus
d) Viroid
15. The following infections caused by Esch.coli, except
a) Urinary tract infections
b) Septic infections of wounds
c) Diarrhea
d) Meningitis
16. Drugs used against tuberculosis (TB) are
a) Rifampicin, Isoniazid
b) Pyrazinamide, Streptomycin
c) Both a and b
d) None of these
17. Streptococcus pyogens produces all of the following lesion, except
a) Impetigo contagiosa
b) Erysipelas
c) Boil
d) Paronochia
18. The following characters are true about Neisseria gonorrhoeae except
a) Gram-negative, aerobic bacteria
b) Non-motile diplococci
c) Oxidase positive organisms
d) Air borne infection
19. Bacitracin sensitivity test is done for
a) Pneumococci
b) Group ‘A’ Streptococci
c) Gonococci
d) Staphylococci
20. Clear-zones formation around antibiotic disc is due to
a) Growth of the bacterium surrounding of the disc
b) Lysis of the bacterial cells surrounding the disc
c) The destruction of paper disc (antibiotic)
d) None of these
SECTION B (40MARKS) ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS
1. Match the following antibiotics with their modes of action A to D (4marks)
1. Pencillin A.Injury to plasma membrane
2. Fluoroquinolones: B.Inhibit protein synthesis
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3. Tetracycline C. Inhibit nucleic acid synthesis
4. Polymyxin B: D. Inhibit the cell wall synthesis
2. TRUE OR FALSE QUESTIONS (6MARKS)
a) Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) should be cultured immediately, but if delayed the
specimen should be refrigerated at 40C to 60C
b) Tellurite Blood agar is a selective solid media
c) Robert Koch discovered the Anthrax bacillus
d) Capsules are extracellular glycocalyx material that surrounds the cell
e) Conjunctiva of the eyes should normally be sterile (i.e., have no normal flora):
f) Streak culture, growth may be confluent at the site of the original inoculation but
becomes progressively thicker and well separated colonies are obtained over the final
series of streaks
3. Define the following terms in microbiology (10marks)
a) Generation time
b) Septicemia
c) Translucent colony
d) Staining reactions
e) Toxoid
4. Write the principles and procedures of FIVE biochemical reactions (10marks)
5. Differentiate between Exotoxin and Endotoxin (5marks)
6. Describe mechanism of action of chemical disinfectants (5marks)
SECTION C (40MARKS) ANSWER ANY TWO QUESTIONS
1. Explain the factors influencing the presence of normal flora and what are the roles of
normal flora. Give FIVE examples of vaginal normal flora (20marks)
2. Discuss various types of specimens used in bacteriology. Explain how infections are
diagnosed? Describe the Antimicrobial sensitivity tests (20marks)
3. Enlist the bacterial zoonotic diseases. Describe the pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis,
treatment and prophylaxis of anthrax (20marks)
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