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ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2015 4-1 – 4-3

MANDATORY APPENDIX 4
ROUNDED INDICATIONS CHARTS ACCEPTANCE STANDARD FOR
RADIOGRAPHICALLY DETERMINED ROUNDED INDICATIONS IN
WELDS

4-1 APPLICABILITY OF THESE STANDARDS 4-2 TERMINOLOGY

These standards are applicable to ferritic, austenitic, (a) Rounded Indications. Indications with a maximum
and nonferrous materials. length of three times the width or less on the radiograph
are defined as rounded indications. These indications may
be circular, elliptical, conical, or irregular in shape and
may have tails. When evaluating the size of an indication,
the tail shall be included. The indication may be from any
Table 4-1 imperfection in the weld, such as porosity, slag, or
tungsten.
Customary Units (b) Aligned Indications. A sequence of four or more
Maximum Size of rounded indications shall be considered to be aligned
Acceptable Rounded Maximum Size of when they touch a line parallel to the length of the weld
Indication, in. Nonrelevant drawn through the center of the two outer rounded
Thickness, t , in. Random Isolated Indication, in. indications.
Less than 1/8 1
/4 t 1
/3 t 1
/10 t (c) Thickness t. t is the thickness of the weld, excluding
1
/8 0.031 0.042 0.015 any allowable reinforcement. For a butt weld joining two
3
/16 0.047 0.063 0.015 members having different thicknesses at the weld, t is the
1
/4 0.063 0.083 0.015
5 thinner of these two thicknesses. If a full penetration weld
/16 0.078 0.104 0.031
3
/8 0.091 0.125 0.031
includes a fillet weld, the thickness of the throat of the fil-
7
/16 0.109 0.146 0.031 let shall be included in t.
1
/2 0.125 0.168 0.031
9
/16 0.142 0.188 0.031
5
/8 0.156 0.210 0.031 4-3 ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
11
/16 0.156 0.230 0.031
3
/4 to 2, incl. 0.156 0.250 0.031 (a) Image Density. Density within the image of the indi-
Over 2 0.156 0.375 0.063 cation may vary and is not a criterion for acceptance or
SI Units rejection.
Maximum Size of (b) Relevant Indications. (See Table 4-1 for examples.)
Acceptable Rounded Maximum Size of
Only those rounded indications which exceed the follow-
Indication, mm Nonrelevant ing dimensions shall be considered relevant.
Thickness, t , mm Random Isolated Indication, mm (1) 1/10t for t less than 1/8 in. (3 mm)
Less than 3 1
/4 t 1
/3 t 1
/10 t (2) 1/64 in. for t from 1/8 in. to 1/4 in. (3 mm to 6 mm),
3 0.79 1.07 0.38 incl.
5 1.19 1.60 0.38 (3) 1/32 in. for t greater than 1/4 in. to 2 in. (6 mm
6 1.60 2.11 0.38 to 50 mm), incl.
8 1.98 2.64 0.79
(4) 1/16 in. for t greater than 2 in. (50 mm)
10 2.31 3.18 0.79
11 2.77 3.71 0.79 (c) Maximum Size of Rounded Indication. (See Table
13 3.18 4.27 0.79 4-1 for examples.) The maximum permissible size of
14 3.61 4.78 0.79 any indication shall be 1/4t , or 5/32 in. (4 mm), whichever
16 3.96 5.33 0.79 is smaller; except that an isolated indication separated
17 3.96 5.84 0.79 from an adjacent indication by 1 in. (25 mm) or more
19.0 to 50, incl. 3.96 6.35 0.79
may be 1/3t , or 1/4 in. (6 mm), whichever is less. For t
Over 50 3.96 9.53 1.60
greater than 2 in. (50 mm) the maximum permissible size
GENERAL NOTE: This Table contains examples only. of an isolated indication shall be increased to 3/8 in.
(10 mm).

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4-3 ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2015

Lx
Aligned Rounded Indications
Figure 4-1

GENERAL NOTE: Sum of L 1 to Lx shall be less than t in a length of 12t .

L2
L1

394
 Figure 4-2
Groups of Aligned Rounded Indications

L1 3L2 L2 3L3 L3 3L3 L4

395
Maximum Group Length Minimum Group Spacing
ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2015

L = 1/4 in. (6 mm) for t less than 3/4 in. (19 mm) 3L where L is the length of the
L = 1/3t for t 3/4 in. (19 mm) to 21/4 in. (57 mm) longest adjacent group being
L = 3/4 in. (19 mm) for t greater than 21/4 in. (57 mm) evaluated

GENERAL NOTE: Sum of the group lengths shall be less than t in a length of 12t .
4-3
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4-3 ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2015

(d) Aligned Rounded Indications. Aligned rounded indi- and shall not be enlarged or reduced. The distributions
cations are acceptable when the summation of the dia- shown are not necessarily the patterns that may appear
meters of the indications is less than t in a length of on the radiograph, but are typical of the concentration
12t . See Figure 4-1. The length of groups of aligned and size of indications permitted.
rounded indications and the spacing between the groups (g) Weld Thickness t Less Than 1/8 in. (3 mm). For t less
shall meet the requirements of Figure 4-2. than 1/8 in. (3 mm) the maximum number of rounded in-
(e) Spacing. The distance between adjacent rounded
dications shall not exceed 12 in a 6 in. (150 mm) length
indications is not a factor in determining acceptance or
of weld. A proportionally fewer number of indications
rejection, except as required for isolated indications or
shall be permitted in welds less than 6 in. (150 mm) in
groups of aligned indications.
length.
(f) Rounded Indication Charts. The rounded indications
characterized as imperfections shall not exceed that (h) Clustered Indications. The illustrations for clustered
shown in the charts. The charts in Figures 4-3 through indications show up to four times as many indications in a
4-8 illustrate various types of assorted, randomly dis- local area, as that shown in the illustrations for random
persed and clustered rounded indications for different indications. The length of an acceptable cluster shall not
weld thicknesses greater than 1/8 in. (3 mm). These charts exceed the lesser of 1 in. (25 mm) or 2t. Where more than
represent the maximum acceptable concentration limits one cluster is present, the sum of the lengths of the clus-
for rounded indications. The charts for each thickness ters shall not exceed 1 in. (25 mm) in a 6 in. (150 mm)
range represent full‐scale 6 in. (150 mm) radiographs, length weld.

Figure 4-3
Charts for t Equal to 1/8 in. to 1/4 in. (3 mm to 6 mm), Inclusive

(a) Random Rounded Indications [See Note (1)]

1 in. (25 mm) 1 in. (25 mm)

(b) Isolated Indication [See Note (2)] (c) Cluster

NOTES:
(1) Typical concentration and size permitted in any 6 in. (150 mm) length of weld.
(2) Maximum size per Table 4-1.

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ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2015 4-3

Figure 4-4
Charts for t Over 1/4 in. to 3/8 in. (6 mm to 10 mm), Inclusive

(a) Random Rounded Indications [See Note (1)]

1 in. (25 mm) 1 in. (25 mm)

(b) Isolated Indication [See Note (2)] (c) Cluster

NOTES:
(1) Typical concentration and size permitted in any 6 in. (150 mm) length of weld.
(2) Maximum size per Table 4-1.

Figure 4-5
Charts for t Over 3/8 in. to 3/4 in. (10 mm to 19 mm), Inclusive

(a) Random Rounded Indications [See Note (1)]

1 in. (25 mm) 1 in. (25 mm)

(b) Isolated Indication [See Note (2)] (c) Cluster

NOTES:
(1) Typical concentration and size permitted in any 6 in. (150 mm) length of weld.
(2) Maximum size per Table 4-1.

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4-3 ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2015

Figure 4-6
Charts for t Over 3/4 in. to 2 in. (19 mm to 50 mm), Inclusive

(a) Random Rounded Indications [See Note (1)]

1 in. (25 mm) 1 in. (25 mm)

(b) Isolated Indication [See Note (2)] (c) Cluster

NOTES:
(1) Typical concentration and size permitted in any 6 in. (150 mm) length of weld.
(2) Maximum size per Table 4-1.

398
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ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2015 4-3

Figure 4-7
Charts for t Over 2 in. to 4 in. (50 mm to 100 mm), Inclusive

(a) Random Rounded Indications [See Note (1)]

1 in. (25 mm) 1 in. (25 mm)

(b) Isolated Indication [See Note (2)] (c) Cluster

NOTES:
(1) Typical concentration and size permitted in any 6 in. (150 mm) length of weld.
(2) Maximum size per Table 4-1.

399
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4-3 ASME BPVC.VIII.1-2015

Figure 4-8
Charts for t Over 4 in. (100 mm)

(a) Random Rounded Indications [See Note (1)]

1 in. (25 mm) 1 in. (25 mm)

(b) Isolated Indication [See Note (2)] (c) Cluster

NOTES:
(1) Typical concentration and size permitted in any 6 in. (150 mm) length of weld.
(2) Maximum size per Table 4-1.

400