Faculty of Computer Science Page 1 of 21

Final Exam
Term: Fall 2018 (Sep4-Dec4)

Student ID Information

Last name: First name:

Student ID #: CS.Dal.Ca userid:

Grade Table
Course ID: CSCI 2132 Question Score

Course Title: Software Development 1 /12

Instructor: Vlado Keselj 2 /12

Date of Exam: 6 Dec 2018

3 /10

4 /7
Time Period: Start: 15:30
End: 18:30 5 /4

Duration of Exam: 3 hours 6 /10

Exam Location: Dalplex

7 /8

8 /9
Number of Exam Pages: 21 pages
(including this cover sheet) 9 /8

Exam Type: Closed Book 10 /11

Additional
11 /8

Materials Allowed: One letter-format paper 12 /10

(8.5”×11”) with anything written
or printed on it (both sides). 13 /9
No textbooks, computers,
calculators, or other aids are 14 /13
allowed.
15 /10

16 /10

17 /12

Σ /163
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 2 of 21

1. (12 points) True-false questions. 2 points each. No justification necessary, but it

may be helpful if the question seems ambiguous.
a) (2 points) Multics is an advanced version of Unix, developed from Unix version 4.

b) (2 points) The cut command is used to display first n lines from a text file.

c) (2 points) In a Unix-style system, each process is assigned a memory space, divided

into the following four parts: code, stack, heap, and queue.

d) (2 points) The calloc C function is used to make a system call to the kernel of the
operating system.

e) (2 points) The gdb command break is used to mark a line in the program where
program execution will stop and give us a chance to examine the state of the variables.

f) (2 points) The following C code “char *f="%d\n"; printf(f, 10);” is valid and
prints the number 10, followed by a newline character.
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 3 of 21

2. (12 points) Multiple-choice. Circle the single best answer.

a) (3 points) If s1 and s2 are two string variables, and i is an integer variable; which of
the following lines is NOT a valid use of string functions?

A. strcmp(i, s1);
B. strcpy(s2, s1);
C. strcat(s1, s2+i);
D. i = strlen(s1);
b) (3 points) Unix has a quite general concept of a file, including several different file
types. Which of the following is NOT a file type in Unix?

A. symbolic link
B. job
C. socket
D. directory
c) (3 points) If p and q are pointers to int, pointing to elements of an array, which of
the following statements is not valid:

A. p = q + 2;
B. *p = p - q;
C. *p = p + q;
D. *p = *p + *q;
d) (3 points) Which of the following lines is a correct way to use the function scanf?

A. int i=0; scanf("%d", i);

B. int i=0; int *p=&i; scanf("%d", *p);
C. char s[10]="1234567"; scanf("%3s", s);
D. char c; scanf("%c", c);
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 4 of 21

3. (10 points) Program Output (pointers).

What is the output of the following program? Include notes or diagrams that justify
your answer.

int a[10] = {1, 20, 3}, i;

int *p = &a[3];
int *q = p+2;

for (i=3; i<10; i++) a[i] = a[i-2]+1;

*(++q) = *(++p); q++; *(q++) = *(p++);

printf(" %d %d %d\n", *a + *q - *p, q-p, *p-*q);

for (i = 4; i < 8; i++) printf(" %d", a[i]);

CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 5 of 21

4. (7 points) Program Output (strings). What is the output of the following program?
Include notes or diagrams that justify your answer.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

int main() {
char s[90];
char *p = s;
strcpy(s, "12345-");
strcat(p, "ABCDE");
p += 6;
printf("%d %d %d\n", strlen(s), strlen(p), p-s);
*(--p) = ’\0’; p+=1;
printf("(%s) (%s)\n", s, p);
strcat(s,"XYZ");
printf("(%s) (%s) (%s)\n", s, p+3);
return 0;
}

Note: The line printf("(%s) (%s) (%s)\n", s, p+3); was supposed to be

printf("(%s) (%s) (%s)\n", s, p, p+3);. The students were instructed to cross
out one (%s), or any other reasonable assumption based on demonstrated knowledge of
printf, strings, and pointers would be acceptable.
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 6 of 21

5. (4 points) Program Output (strcmp). What is the output of the following pro-
gram? Include notes or diagrams that justify your answer.

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

void pr(char *s, char *p) {

int i = strcmp(s,p);
if ( i == 0 )
puts("strcmp == 0");
else if ( i < 0 )
puts("strcmp < 0");
else
puts("strcmp > 0");
}

int main() {
char s[9] = "abc-78";
char *p = "abf-192";

pr(s, p); pr( s + 3, p + 5);

return 0;
}

Note: pr( s + 3, p + 4); was supposed to be pr( s + 4, p + 5);. The students

were instructed to make this change, but using ‘3’ is also fine, the problem is just a bit
harder since we need to remember that ‘-’ comes before digits in the ASCII order. Even
if student does not remember the order but notices that it is relevant makes the answer
correct.
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 7 of 21

6. (10 points) Single command line. For each of the following questions, write a
single Unix command line to perform the task required. You can use pipes and the list
of allowed commands are: cut, ls, grep, egrep, sort, uniq, wc
a) (3 points) Print a list of files in the directory ../dir1 that have names starting with
an uppercase letter and ending with ‘.txt’.

b) (3 points) The file words.txt contains one word in each line. Print the number of
words in this file that are six or seven characters long, start with ‘p’ or ‘b’ and end with
‘ing’.

b) (4 points) The file games.txt contains a list of hockey games in the following format
“team1 :team2 =score1 :score2 ” in each line (example: Jets:Sabres=3:2). If the first
team in each game is the home team, and the second team is the visiting team, write a
command to print out all visiting teams, sorted without repetition.
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 8 of 21

7. (8 points) Give concise answers (permissions, code).

a) (4 points) What permissions are assigned to the file ‘f.sh’ with the command:
chmod 673 f.sh ? Can the user (owner) execute the file?

b) (4 points) In the following function, N is a compile-time constant:

int f(int a[][N]) {

printf("%d\n", &a[0][0] - &a[2][6]);
}

If the function prints the number −20, what is the value of N? Explain.
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 9 of 21

8. (9 points) Give concise answers (testing, git/svn).

a) (4 points) What is the difference between white and black box testing?

b) (5 points) When we submit changes in ‘git’ to a remote repository, we use one addi-
tional command compared to when doing the same operation in ‘svn’. This is related to
an essential difference between ‘git’ and ‘svn’. Briefly explain this difference.
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 10 of 21

9. (8 points) Large program organization.

(8 points) A C program consists of three files main.c, aux.c, and btree.c, and a
common header file b.h, which is used in all C files. The program executable is called
btree. Write Makefile rules for the targets: btree, main.o, aux.o, and btree.o, for
modular compilation and linking of the program.
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 11 of 21

10. (11 points) Give brief answer.

a) (6 points) Briefly describe the problem of fragmentation of heap. Make sure to describe
two types of fragmentation mentioned in class.

b) (5 points) Briefly describe what the realloc function does and its time efficiency.
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 12 of 21

11. (8 points) Brief Answers and Code snippets

a) (4 points) Briefly describe the implicit type conversion in an assignment. Give an
example.

b) (4 points) The following function reads some characters from the standard input and
stores them in a string on a heap without wasting space. Fill in the missing code and
explain how much of input it will store.

char *f() {
int ch, size = 100, count=0;
char *b = malloc( size );
while (EOF != (ch = getchar())) {

if (count > size - 2)

b = ______________ (b, size *= 2); /* Fill in blanks * /

b[count++] = ch;
}

b[count] = ’\0’;

b = _________________ ( b, ______________________ );
/* Fill in blanks */
return b;
}
//How much input is read?
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 13 of 21

12. (10 points) Shell scripting

Given the bash script below, briefly explain the lines (1) to (7). Explain the purpose of
this script based on your observation. [2pt]

if (( $# != 2 )); then #(1) 2pt

echo Error
exit 1
fi

for (( i = $1; $i <= $2; i = $i + 1 )) do #(2) 2pt

if [ -f test$i.in ]; then #(3) 1pt
./a.out < test$i.in > test$i.new #(4) 1pt
diff test$i.out test$i.new #(5) 1pt
fi #(6) 0.5pt
done #(7) 0.5pt
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 14 of 21

13. (9 points) File operations in C

(9 points) Briefly explain the standard function fopen. What are the parameters and
what the function returns?
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 15 of 21

14. (13 points) Write a C program.

Assume that you are working on a program to process games of hockey teams and collect
their points. The data is organized in a linked list where a node structure is:

struct node {
char *team; /* team is the team name */
int points; /* points are accumulated team points */
struct node *next; /* next is pointer to next node */
};

(a) (4 points) Write a C function teamPrint that takes a pointer to the above node
structure and prints a line with the team name, the number of points, and a new line.
For multiple lines to be aligned, print team name to at least 12 characters width, and
points to at least 2 digits width, with a space between them. An output example is
“ Maple_Leafs 4”. The start of the function is:
void teamPrint(struct node *n) {

(b) (9 points) Write the C function teamNew which allocates a node structure, sets the
team name team to given name tname, sets points to 0, and the next pointer to NULL.
The team name should also be allocated on heap and copied from the given name since
the given name may have temporary life span. No error checking is required. The
function returns the pointer to the new node. The start of the function is:
struct node *teamNew(char *tname) {
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 16 of 21

15. (10 points) Write a C program (continued)

(continuation of the previous question) Write a C function frontPull which takes a head
pointer of a linked list head and a team name tname as the arguments. If the linked list
contains a node with the team name tname, the function moves the corresponding node to
the start of the list (head of the list). If the list does not contain a node with such name, a
new node is created using the function teamNew from the previous page, and the new node
is added to the start of the list. The head pointer of the new list is returned. The function
prototype is: struct node* frontPull(struct node* head, char* tname);
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 17 of 21

16. (10 points) Write a C program (continued)

(continuation of the previous question) Write a C function frontPush which takes a
head pointer of a linked list head as an argument. Assume that the linked list is
sorted starting from the second element of the list by points in decreasing
order (from high to low). The function moves the first element to an appropriate
position in the list so that the whole list is sorted by points in the decreasing or-
der. The head pointer of the resulting list is returned. The function prototype is:
struct node* frontPush(struct node* head);
CSCI 2132, 6 Dec 2018, Final Exam Page 18 of 21

17. (12 points) Write a C program (continued)

(continuation of the prev. question) Write a C program (just the function main) that
uses the previous functions to read game scores and print team names with their total
points sorted in a decreasing order of points. You can assume that team names have no
spaces and are not longer than 99 characters, there are no tie games, and a team gets
2 points for a win and 0 points for a loss. The input format is shown below. Decide
when input ends by using the return value of the scanf function. The output should use
the function teamPrint to print output as shown below. If some teams have the same
number of points, their relative order is not important (it is random).
Sample Input Sample Output
Bruins : Maple_Leafs = 2:4 Maple_Leafs 4
Bruins : Panthers = 0:5 Penguins 2
Jets : Penguins = 3:6 Panthers 2
Maple_Leafs : Sabres = 4:3 Sabres 0
Jets 0
Bruins 0
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An extra page for the last question.

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(extra blank page 1 provided)

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(extra blank page 2 provided)