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Structure - Adjectives and Adverbs - JSS3 English Language Lesson Note

English Language for Grade 9

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Pastor Fred Ayiba Eyenghe
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96 views

Structure - Adjectives and Adverbs - JSS3 English Language Lesson Note

English Language for Grade 9

Uploaded by

Pastor Fred Ayiba Eyenghe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Courses » JSS3 » JSS3 English language » Structure: Adjectives and Adverbs - JSS3

English language Lesson Note


Structure: Adjectives and Adverbs - JSS3
English language Lesson Note

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Structure: Adjectives and Adverbs

Introduction
Adjectives and adverbs are essential parts of speech that modify and provide more
information about nouns and verbs, respectively. Understanding their roles and
correct usage can greatly enhance the clarity and richness of your writing and
speaking.

Adjectives

Definition: Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns and pronouns. They
provide additional information about an object's size, shape, age, colour, origin, or
material.

Examples:
Size: big, small, large
Shape: round, square, triangular
Age: old, young, ancient
Colour: red, blue, green
Origin: American, Nigerian, Chinese
Material: wooden, plastic, metallic

Types of Adjectives:
1. Descriptive Adjectives: Describe qualities of a noun (e.g., beautiful, tall, old).
2. Quantitative Adjectives: Indicate the quantity of something (e.g., some, many, few).
3. Demonstrative Adjectives: Point out specific nouns (e.g., this, that, these, those).
4. Possessive Adjectives: Show ownership (e.g., my, your, his, her, its, our, their).
5. Interrogative Adjectives: Used in questions (e.g., which, what, whose).
6. Comparative Adjectives: Compare two things (e.g., taller, smarter, faster).
7. Superlative Adjectives: Compare more than two things, showing the highest degree
(e.g., tallest, smartest, fastest).

Usage:
Adjectives usually come before the noun they modify: "The blue sky."
They can also come after a linking verb: "The sky is blue."

Examples in Sentences:
1. The tall man walked into the room.
2. She wore a red dress to the party.
3. They have a beautiful garden.
4. I saw three birds in the tree.
5. This is my book.

Adverbs

Definition: Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs. They provide more
information about how, when, where, and to what extent an action is performed.

Examples:
Manner: quickly, slowly, carefully
Time: now, then, yesterday, soon
Place: here, there, everywhere
Degree: very, quite, almost, too

Types of Adverbs:
1. Adverbs of Manner: Describe how something happens (e.g., easily, happily, angrily).
2. Adverbs of Time: Indicate when something happens (e.g., today, tomorrow, recently).
3. Adverbs of Place: Indicate where something happens (e.g., here, there, everywhere).
4. Adverbs of Frequency: Indicate how often something happens (e.g., always, never,
often).
5. Adverbs of Degree: Indicate the intensity or degree of an action (e.g., very, quite,
almost).

Usage:
- Adverbs can modify verbs: "She sings beautifully."
- They can modify adjectives: "The movie was very interesting."
- They can modify other adverbs: "He ran quite fast."

Examples in Sentences:
1. She danced gracefully.
2. We will leave tomorrow.
3. He lives nearby.
4. She is always on time.
5. The test was extremely difficult.

Comparing Adjectives and Adverbs

Adjectives modify nouns and pronouns: "He is a **good** student."


Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs: "She speaks well."

Examples:
- Adjective: "The cake is delicious."
- Adverb: "She quickly finished her homework."

Forming Adverbs from Adjectives

Many adverbs are formed by adding -ly to adjectives. However, there are exceptions and
irregular forms.

Examples:
Adjective: quick | Adverb: quickly
Adjective: happy | Adverb: happily
Adjective: careful | Adverb: carefully

Irregular Forms:
- Good (adjective) -> Well (adverb)
- Fast (adjective) -> Fast (adverb)
- Hard (adjective) -> Hard (adverb)

Recommended: Questions and Answers on Lesson 3


(unit 3) for JSS3 English language
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