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Lab 1

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24 views

Lab 1

Ffgh fjf

Uploaded by

Ms. Subrina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EEE-356

Getting Started with ADS


1. Launch ADS and from the main window select File → New → Workspace. Click Next…

2. Enter workspace name as desired,


please note that workspace name
and path to the workspace location
should not contain any spaces.
Click Next…

3. Select the libraries to be included in the workspace. In present example click Next without any
change…

4. Provide the library name under which user would like to organize the work. In present example
click Next without any change…

5. Select the preferred units to be


used during the design. In present
example we select millimeter
with 0.0001 millimeter layout
resolution. Click Next…

6. See the summary of the workspace


and click on Finish and blank
workspace as shown in the figure
will appear and we are ready to
create our schematic or layout
designs in the newly created
workspace.

Prepared by Dr. Muhammad Asad Rahman, EEE, CUET Page 1 of 5


EEE-356

Design and Simulation of Patch Antenna


Theory:
A microstrip antenna in its simplest configuration consists of a radiating patch on one side of a
dielectric substrate, which has a ground plane on the other side. The patch conductors usually made
of copper or gold can be virtually assumed to be of any shape. However, conventional shapes are
normally used to simplify analysis and performance prediction. The radiating elements and the feed
lines are usually photo etched on the dielectric substrate. The basic configuration of a microstrip
patch antenna is shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 Microstrip patch antenna. (a) Basic configuration. (b) Cross sectional view
(AA'). (b) Cross sectional view (BB').
The radiating patch may be square, rectangular, circular elliptical or any other configuration. Square,
rectangular and circular shapes are the most common because of ease of analysis and fabrication.
Some of the advantages of the microstrip antennas compared to conventional microwave antennas
are

 Low weight, low volume


 Low fabrication cost
 Easy mass production
 Linear and circular polarization are possible with simple feed
 Easily integrated with MIC
 Feed lines and matching networks can be fabricated simultaneously with antenna structures
Patch antennas find various applications stating from military to commercial, because of their ease
of design and fabrication. Patch arrays are extensively used in phased array radar applications and in
applications requiring high directivity and narrow beamwidth.

Prepared by Dr. Muhammad Asad Rahman, EEE, CUET Page 2 of 5


EEE-356

Objective:
To design a Patch antenna at 2.4 GHz and simulate the performance using ADS

Step-1: Calculating Patch Antenna Dimensions


1. Select an appropriate substrate of thickness (h) and dielectric constant (εr) for the design of the
patch antenna. In present case, we shall use following Dielectric for design:
a. Height: 1.6 mm
b. Metal Thickness: 0.7 mil (Copper)
c. εr: 4.6
d. TanD: 0.001
e. Conductivity: 5.8E7 S/m

2. Calculate the physical parameters of the patch antenna as W


shown in the geometry in Fig. 2 using the given formula.

The width and length of the radiating surface is given by,


𝐶
𝑊=𝐿= = 29.2 mm
2𝑓√εr
L
where,

velocity of light c = 3×108 m/s2


Frequency, f = 2.4 GHz

Relative Permittivity εr = 4.6


Fig. 2

Step-2: Creating Patch Antenna Geometry


1. Create a new workspace, name it as Lab1_PatchAntenna_wrk
2. From the main window, select Window → New Layout. Open the new layout cell and name it as
Patch_Antenna. Click Ok ….

3. Use Insert → Rectangle and draw a rectangle randomly. Click


on the rectangle to select it and change the Width (W) and
Height (L) from the Properties window as per calculation.

Prepared by Dr. Muhammad Asad Rahman, EEE, CUET Page 3 of 5


EEE-356

Step-3: Antenna Simulation


1. Select Insert → Pin and connect a
pin at the center of the lower
horizontal edge of the antenna as
feed point.

2. Go to the EM setup window and click on Substrate and click on New to accept the 25 mil Alumina
template. Select material by clicking on the substrate structure [left side] to change the parameters
shown on the right side. If desired material name is not available in Material drop down list, to
add new material, click on Edit Materials tab [right of the Material option] and select it from
Add from Database list.

Define the substrate as below, modify the default substrate height, εr, TanD and conductor height
and define it as Copper. Changing name of the dielectric is optional as it has no bearing on the
simulation.
3. Go to the EM and click on Simulation Setup. Set the simulation frequency range as 2.1 GHz –
2.7 GHz (adaptive sweep) from Frequency plan. Go to Options → Mesh. Assign
Cells/Wavelength value 80 and put a tick mark in Edge mesh option. Click on Simulate and wait
to observe the simulation results in data display.

Step-4: Antenna Radiation Pattern


1. For Far-Field Antenna Pattern, go to EM → Post Processing → Far Field. Select Solution Setup
(from the bottom tabs) and click on the desired frequency from Frequency. Far field computation
will be done and results will be displayed in the post processing window as shown below. We can
use Window → Tile and then go to Plot Properties (from the bottom tabs) and then select Far
Field → Antenna Parameters to see all the required data.

Prepared by Dr. Muhammad Asad Rahman, EEE, CUET Page 4 of 5


EEE-356

2. To show the 2-D radiation pattern of the antenna, go to Plot Properties → Far Field Cut and
click on the Enable option. Select Phi and click on Display Cut in Data Display button. Once
done, we will be able to see far field cut in the regular data display.

Task:
Change the position of the input pin along positive y-axis direction keeping it in center position.
Consider the following advanced position along the y-direction with respect to initial position: 2 mm,
4 mm, 6 mm, 8 mm, 10 mm, 12 mm, 14 mm.
1. Do you observe any changes in S-parameter?

2. If the answer of the 1st question is ‘yes’, why this kind of changes are occurred?
3. Which position is optimum for your antenna and why-explain?

Prepared by Dr. Muhammad Asad Rahman, EEE, CUET Page 5 of 5

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