Training Manual Table of Contents

A318/A319/A320/A321 EASA Part 66 Cat. B2

50 Structures
50-00 General
Structural Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Structure Differences A318. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Vertical Stabilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Cargo Doors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Laser Beam Welding. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

50-00 Windows
General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

51-57-Study Questions

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Contents - I
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 Training Manual Table of Contents
A318/A319/A320/A321 EASA Part 66 Cat. B2

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Contents - II
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 Training Manual Structures
A318/A319/A320/A321 50-00

50 Structures

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A318/A319/A320/A321 50-00 General

50-00 General
Structural Principle
The strucrure of the aircrafts are designed of the fail safe principle, what means,
by a maximum of structure strength a minimum of weight.
There for the primary structure is mainly out of strongest aluminium alloy beside
some parts are made of steel and titan. In some parts of strong mechanical
strength material with high fatigue resistance are installed.
Some parts / components of primary and secondary structure are made of com-
poside plastic to reduce further more the weight, this plastic are:
• GFRP Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic
• CFRP Carbon Fiber Reinforced Plastic
• AFRP Aramid Fiber Reinforced Plastic
• QRFP Quartz Fiber Reinforced Plastic

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 Training Manual Structures
A318/A319/A320/A321 50-00 General

Figure 1: Design Characteristics - Structural Materials for A320

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A318/A319/A320/A321 50-00 General

Structure Differences A318

Main structure differences between A319 and A318 are due to the reduced length
of the fuselage. There are several general structure changes.
The main differences are the laser beam welded structures and the vertical stabi-
lizer fin tip extension.

General Structure Changes

The main general structure changes are:
• on section 17, due to reduced length of the fuselage, the longitudinal beams,
the seat rails and the Z-profiles are replaced by new ones. The crossbeams at
FRame 52, FR53 and FR54 are removed. New crossbeams are installed be-
tween FR55 to FR64,
• due to its location in the non-cylindrical part of the fuselage, a new cargo sill
box replaces the A319/A320/A321 one's, in section 17,
• on section 15, the A319/A320/A321 skin panels have been modified.
For weight reduction the A318 skin panels are thinner than the A319/A320/A321
one's,
• the aft part of the belly fairing is modified due to an overlap with non-cylindrical
part of the fuselage. To avoid interference with cargo compartment door, the
A318 belly fairing is two panels shorter than the A319/A320/A321 one's.

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Figure 2: Structure General

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Vertical Stabilizer
Compared with A319/A320/A321 A/Cs, the A318 vertical stabilizer fin tip is 750
mm (29,5 in.) longer. The new developed tip is completely made of GFRP. There
is an additional fin leading edge panel. There is a new spar and a new CFRP adap-
tor box, between the fin base and the fin tip.
The metallic rudder tip is longer by 100 mm in vertical direction. The rudder trailing
edge is increased in width by 50 mm.

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Figure 3: Vertical Fin

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Cargo Doors
The A318 forward and aft cargo doors are smaller. The new cargo door width is
reduced from 1.82 m (71.5 in) to 1.28 m (50.5 in). The under-floor cargo offers a
usable volume of 21.21 m3. There is no containerized cargo system option.
Figure 4: Cargo Door Difference

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Laser Beam Welding • the sections 13/14, FR24 to FR35, stringers 18 to 32,
The technology used for the current a/c of the A320 family is riveted skin/ stringer. • the sections 16/17, FR47/54 to FR64, stringers 32 to 41.
On the A318, the stringer/skin connections are welded. The new laser beam weld- The skin panels are made thicker where the stringers are welded to them.
ed skin panels are installed in:
Figure 5: Laser Beam Welding

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A318/A319/A320/A321 50-00 Windows

50-00 Windows
General
Windows are installed in the aircraft cockpit and the cabin. The different types and
locations of the windows are:
• the cockpit windows (windshield, fixed and sliding side),
• the cabin windows,
• the cabin dummy windows,
• the passenger/crew door windows.

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Figure 6: General Overview

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A318/A319/A320/A321 50-00 Windows

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A318/A319/A320/A321 51-57-Study Questions

51-57-Study Questions
51-00 Structures
1. What is the meaning of CFRP?

2. What is the effect of contamination of the aircraft structure with hydraulic fluid?

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A318/A319/A320/A321 51-57-Study Questions

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