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CC Students Meng 2 Simul

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16 views

CC Students Meng 2 Simul

Cc

Uploaded by

vanou5353
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Simulation de l’examen de Mecanique des Fluides

Duree 3h

Question 1 – Definitions (5pts)


a) Define Closed systems vs Open Systems
b) Define Primary dimensions vs Secondary dimensions
c) Accuracy vs Precision
d) What is a fluid? How does it differ from a solid? How does a gas
differ from a liquid?
e) What is forced flow? How does it differ from natural flow? Is flow
caused by winds forced or natural flow?
f) What is the difference between intensive and extensive properties?
g) Define capillarity-effect
h)What is viscosity? What is the cause of it in liquids and in gases? Do
liquids or gases have higher dynamic viscosities?
i) Define Pressure, absolute pressure and gage pressure
j) Archimedes’ principle

Question 2 – Cognitive Questions (3pts)


1- You may have noticed that dams are much thicker at the bottom. Explain
why dams are built that way.
2 - Consider two 5-cm-diameter spherical balls—one made of aluminum, the
other of iron—submerged in water. Will the buoyant forces acting on these
two balls be the same or different? Explain.

Question 3 – Demonstrations (2pts)


1- Derive the general equation of conservation of mass and show result for
the case of steady flow and the case of steady and incompressible flow.
2- Derive the general form of the linear momentum equation. Then consider
the case of steady flow
Question 4- Problem Solving (15pts)

1 - Freshwater and seawater


flowing in parallel horizontal
pipelines are connected to each
other by a double U-tube
manometer, as shown in Fig.
Determine the pressure difference
between the two pipelines. Take
the density of seawater at that
location to be r = 1035 kg/m3.
Can the air column be ignored in
the analysis?

2- Consider a U-tube filled with


mercury as shown in Figure. The
diameter of the right arm of the U-tube
is D = 1.5 cm, and the diameter of the
left arm is twice that. Heavy oil with a
specific gravity of 2.72 is poured into
the left arm, forcing some mercury from
the left arm into the right one.
Determine the maximum amount of oil
that can be added into the left arm.
Answer: 0.0884 L

3- The water level in a tank is 20 m above the ground.


A hose is connected to the bottom of the tank, and the
nozzle at the end of the hose is pointed straight up. The
tank is at sea level, and the water surface is open to the
atmosphere. In the line leading from the tank to the
nozzle is a pump, which increases the pressure of
water. If the water jet rises to a height of 27 m from the
ground, determine the minimum pressure rise supplied by the pump to the
water line.

4- Water flows steadily through a splitter as


shown in Fig. with Q1 = 0.08 m3/s, Q2 =
0.05 m3/s, D1 = D2 = 12 cm, D3 = 10 cm.
If the pressure readings at the inlet and
outlets of the splitter are P1 = 100 kPa, P2 =
90 kPa and P3 = 80 kPa, determine external
force needed to hold the device fixed. Disregard the weight effects.

5- A spacecraft with a mass of 12,000 kg is dropping


vertically towards a planet at a constant speed of 800
m/s (See Fig.). To slow down the spacecraft, a solid-fuel
rocket at the bottom is fired, and combustion gases leave
the rocket at a constant rate of 80 kg/s and at a velocity
of 3000 m/s relative to the spacecraft in the direction of
motion of the spacecraft for a period of 5 s. Disregarding
the small change in the mass of the spacecraft, determine
(a) the deceleration of the spacecraft during this period,
(b) the change of velocity of the spacecraft, and (c) the thrust exerted on the
spacecraft

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