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Generator Specification Tips

spec tips

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11 views

Generator Specification Tips

spec tips

Uploaded by

ac4000
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Consultant’s Corner:

Generator
Specification Tips

Gen set specs: Careful consideration now saves changes later


Specification of the proper unit and supporting hardware is the first, and one of the most important, of many steps in selecting and
installing an operational gen set. As environmental regulations become more stringent, sufficient time spent developing specs will
ensure an installation will fit the client's needs as well as minimize change orders as the construction and installation process pro-
gresses. Every gen set application is unique, each requiring some customization. That customization process opens the door for
change orders if specifications are not thorough.

List minimum functional requirements


Specifications should list minimum functional requirements rather than specific units. However, these minimum functional require-
ments can be based on certain genset specifications, which help Alban better identify standard items that could work in the
installation. This can lower project cost and help ensure parts availability long after the unit is installed.

Coordination of tasks
Coordination between engineers is an important part of the spec development process. The gray areas of responsibilities between
engineering firms, installers and end users or the interface between different suppliers are areas where items can be duplicated or
forgotten.

For example, a project engineer may not specify a complete fuel transfer system, thinking that the job falls under another engi-
neer's duties. Or both engineers may include one, and the client ends up with two fuel transfer systems.

Redundancy
Equipment redundancy is key to standby installations, but how much is too much? The cost of lost time, material or processes if
standby power does not pick up the load should override project budget concerns.

Skimping on redundant systems even when data processing is involved can result in huge costs and inconvenience to a client.

Equipment sophistication
Specifying equipment that offers self-diagnostic capabilities can be valuable to operators in the event of a system malfunction.
These diagnostic tools can help spot the problem quickly, and more importantly, safely.

Specify tested units


Specification of prototype-tested gen sets should be standard practice. Generally, these are factory built and feature well
researched components, and offer a definite advantage over units that are put together as an after-market service. Clients are
more likely to be able to acquire parts and service years after the installation is completed.

Thorough start-up testing should also be specified. A load bank test should be required, big enough to handle all loads of the par-
ticular installation. Include realistic block load tests at 0 to 50 percent and/or 50 to 75 percent of the rating on the gen set's name
plate. These block loads are most commonly experienced when standby units are called into operation. Similarly, realistic block
load testing is the only way to assure the unit will meet the facility's needs once the unit is installed.

Fuel usage
A spec should request maximum fuel usage rates, based on a specific fuel type at a specific operating load. Operating cost, par-
ticularly with prime power installations, can be dramatically affected in fuel usage is higher than claimed in spec sheet.

Emissions
Engine emission data is becoming more important as the Environmental Protections Agency as well as state and local regulators
enforce standards to minimize air pollution.

In larger cities, regulatory agencies have used engine emissions data to restrict gen set running time. Manufacturers are develop-
ing emissions data for diesel engine, and it should be requested in the spec.

Generally, it is believed that four-cycle diesel engines burn fuel more completely and have lower emissions levels than two-cycle
engines. Four-cycle engine design also allows some adjustments that can further lower emissions.

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