Scribd
Upload
6 views

SQL For Beginners Complete Guide: Gagandeep Singh

SQL for beginners

Uploaded by

Ady db
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
6 views

SQL For Beginners Complete Guide: Gagandeep Singh

SQL for beginners

Uploaded by

Ady db
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

SQL for Beginners

Complete Guide
Gagandeep Singh
https:www.linkedin.com/in/singhdeepgagan
What is SQL?

SQL stands for STRCUTURED QUERY LANGUAGE it is a


programming Language used to interact with the Databases.
It was earlier Known as SEQUEL which stands for
( STRCUTURED ENGLISH QUERY LANGUAGE ) it was
developed by IBM Scientist in 1970s. It is used to insert,
Update, Delete Data from a Relational Database.
Gagandeep Singh
SQL COMMANDS
SQL commands are the sets of
instructions used to interact with the
Database.

There are 5 types of SQL Commands :

(i) DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE

(ii) DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE

(iii) DATA CONTROL LANGUAGE

(iv) DATA Query Language

(V) TRANSACTION CONTROL LANGUAGE

Gagandeep Singh
DATA DEFINITION LANGUAGE
1 DDL stands for Data Defintion Language. This Language is
used to Define the Structure of a Database Schema.
The Statements Present in DDL are :
(i) CREATE : This statement is used to create a new
Database, Tables or view.

-- Syntax for Creating the Database --


2 CREATE DATABASE database_name;
-- Example –
3 CREATE DATABASE testdb;

Gagandeep Singh
DDL - Create
-- Syntax for Creating the Table –
CREATE TABLE table_name (
Column_1 Datatype,
Column_2 Datatype,
Column_3 Datatype,
Column_n Datatype
);

-- Example –
CREATE TABLE customers (
cust_id INT,
cust_name VARCHAR(30),
cust_age INT,
);
Gagandeep Singh
(ii) ALTER : This statement is used to add, drop and modify columns in
an existing SQL Database.

-- Syntax for Adding column in the Table --


ALTER TABLE table_name
ADD column_name Datatype;

-- Example –
ALTER TABLE customers ADD Gender VARCHAR(10);

-- Syntax for Dropping column in the Table --


ALTER TABLE table_name
Drop column column_name;

-- Example –
ALTER TABLE customers
DROP column Gender;
Gagandeep Singh
-- Syntax For Modifying Column –
ALTER TABLE table_name
MODIFY column column_name Datatype;

--Example –
ALTER TABLE customers
MODIFY column Gender Char(01);

(iii) DROP : The DROP statement is used to Drop / Delete an existing SQL
Database or Tables. The whole table or Database will be Deleted.

-- Syntax For Deleting The Database –


DROP DATABASE database_name;
-- Example –
DROP DATABASE testdb;

Gagandeep Singh
-- Syntax For Deleting The Table –
DROP TABLE table_name;
-- Example –
DROP TABLE customers;

(iv) TRUNCATE : The Truncate command is used to Delete Rows /


Records from table but the table structure will remain as it is the
table will not be deleted you can insert records again.

-- Syntax For Truncating the Table –


TRUNCATE TABLE table_name;

-- Example –
TRUNCATE TABLE customers;

Gagandeep Singh
DATA MANIPULATION LANGUAGE
1 DML stands for Data Manipulate Language. This
Language is used to make changes in a Database such as
insert Data , update or Delete Data in Database.

The Statements Present in DML are :


(i) INSERT : This statement is used to insert or Add
records in a table.
-- Syntax for Inserting Data in the Database --
2 INSERT INTO table_name
(column_1, column_2, column _n)
3 VALUES
(value_1, value_2, value_n);
Gagandeep Singh
-- Example –
INSERT INTO customers
(cust_id, cust_name, cust_age)
VALUES
(101, ‘Gagan’, 20),
(102, ‘Aman’, 24),
(103, ‘Rabi’, 23)
);

(ii) UPDATE : The UPDATE statement is used to modify existing records


in the table.

-- Syntax for updating the Table –


UPDATE table_name
SET column_1= value_1, column_2 = value_2
WHERE condition;
Gagandeep Singh
-- Example –
UPDATE customers
SET cust_name = ‘Virat’
WHERE cust_id = 103;

(ii) DELETE : The DELETE statement is used to delete rows or records


from a table it can also be used to delete all records.

-- Syntax for Deleting the Data –


DELETE FROM table_name WHERE condition;

-- Example –
DELETE FROM customers WHERE cust_id = 103;

Gagandeep Singh
DATA QUERY LANGUAGE
1 DQL stands for Data Query Language. This Language
is used to Retrieve or read Data from the database
table .

The Statements Present in DQL are :


(i) SELECT : The SELECT statement is used to Retrive
all Data from the Database Table.
2 -- Syntax for Reading Data From the Database for
specific Columns you want to Retrieve --
3
SELECT column_1, column_2, column_n
FROM table_name;
Gagandeep Singh
-- Example –
SELECT cust_id, cust_name
FROM customers;
SET cust_name = ‘Virat’
WHERE cust_id = 103;

-- Syntax for Reading all Data use ( * ) Asterisk Symbol --


SELECT * FROM table_name;

-- Example –
SELECT * FROM customers;

-- Syntax for Getting Unique Values From a Column use DISTINCT --


SELECT DISTINCT column FROM table_name;

-- Example –
SELECT DISTINCT City FROM customers;
Gagandeep Singh
LIKE FOLLOW
& CONNECT
FOR MORE SUCH POST
Gagandeep Singh
www.linkedin.com/in/singhdeepgagan

Gagandeep Singh

You might also like