ACS v6000

Command Reference Guide

ACS v6000
Command Reference Guide

Avocent, the Avocent logo, The Power of Being There, Cyclades and DSView are registered trademarks of Avocent Corporation or its affiliates in the U.S. and other countries. All other marks are the property of their respective owners. 2010 Avocent Corporation. 590-1032-501A

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TA B LE OFC ON TE N TS

Introduction, Navigation and Commands Access Options and How to Log Into the CLI Configuration Tasks Performed With the CLI CLI Navigation Autocompletion Parameters Command Line Syntax CLI Command Set Commands Used for the CLI help add delete cd pwd connect sniff share disconnect exit/quit ftp scp set commit revert ls show list_configuration passwd opiepasswd wiz

1 1 2 2 4 4 4 7 7 7 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 13 13 14

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Special Multi-session Commands list_shared_session kill_shared_session sendmsg show_databuf and show_appliance_databuf cleandbuf and clean_appliance_databuf CLI Equivalent Actions to Web Manager Checkbox Selection Port Access and Configuration Examples View Information About the Virtual Console Server and Connected Devices Connect to a Device Console Connected to a Serial Port Accessing Serial Ports using ts_menu Port Configuration Examples CLI Overview for Administrators System System/Security System/Date and Time System/Help and Language System/Information System/Usage System/VMSettings Network Network/Settings Network/IPv4 and IPv6 Network/Devices Network/Hosts Network/Firewall Network/IPSec(VPN) Network/SNMP Wiz command Ports

14 14 14 15 15 15 16 19 19 21 22 22 25 25 25 27 27 28 28 28 31 31 32 32 33 35 35 35 36 37

Table of Contents

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Authentication Users Syslog Events_and_Logs Active Sessions Information Appendix A: Migration CLI Appendix B: Su and Sudo Commands Appendix C: Technical Support

39 40 41 42 42 45 50 52

Introduction, Navigation and Commands

The Avocent ACS v6000 virtual advanced console server serves as a single point for access and administration of virtual machines. Virtual console servers support secure remote data center management and out-of-band management of IT assets from any location worldwide. On virtual console servers, administration can be performed and connected devices can be accessed with the Command Line Interface (CLI) utility, with the Web Manager or with DSView 3 management software (version 3.5.1 and greater). Multiple users and administrators can be logged into the virtual console server and connected to virtual ports at the same time. This manual describes how to access and navigate the CLI utility and how to use it after the virtual console server has been installed and assigned an IP address. For information on how to install or operate your virtual console server using the Web Manager, see the ACS v6000 Installation/Administration/User Guide.

Access Options and How to Log Into the CLI

After the virtual console server is connected to the network and has an IP address, the CLIcan be accessed by one of the following methods: An SSH or Telnet client on a remote computer (if the SSH or Telnet protocol is enabled in the selected Security Profile) With the Web Manager - Overview - Appliance Session button With DSView 3 management software

NOTE: For details on the remote access methods and IP address configuration options, see the ACS v6000 Installation/Administration/User Guide.

Administrators have full access to the CLI and to connected virtual devices. An administrator can authorize regular users to access ports, manage data buffer storage and use one or more virtual console server administration tools. Users can always change their own passwords.

ACS v6000 Command Reference Guide

To start the CLI: 1. 2. Using vSphere, access the CLI through the console or open a Telnet or SSH session against the virtual console server. Enter the username and password at the prompt. The cli-> prompt appears.
Welcome to ACSv6000 <host name>. Type help for more information --:- / cli->
NOTE: The default password for admin is avocent and for root is linux . The password for these users may have been changed during installation of the virtual console server. If not, change the default root and admin passwords to avoid potential security breaches.

Configuration Tasks Performed With the CLI

NOTE: This manual provides some configuration procedures as examples of how to use the CLI; an administrator who wants to use the CLI for configuration should reference the installation/administration/user guide for more information.

The navigation structure of the CLI mirrors that of the Web Manager. Options and parameters are also the same, except that spaces in Web Manager options and parameters are replaced with underscores (_), as in: system_tools. Examples that show how to select an option in the Web Manager use a dash surrounded by two spaces ( - ). In the CLI, two similar options in a path are separated by a forward slash (/). For example, in the Web Manager, user configuration is done when an administrator selects Users - Local Accounts - User Names to get to the User Names screen. To navigate to the equivalent configuration level in the CLI, an administrator would use the cd command followed by the path: cd /users/local_accounts/user_names. Administrators should log into the CLI in one window and log into the Web Manager in another window to see how the menu options in the Web Manager map to the navigation options in the CLI. Configuration with the CLI also requires mastery of the following information on CLI navigation and of the CLI commands shown in Chapter 2.

CLI Navigation
The CLI navigation options are in a nested tree configuration.
NOTE: When a command line is shown in an example, and the step starts with Enter, or when a syntax example is given, the user should type the command as shown and then press Enter . The Enter key is not shown in command line examples unless needed for clarity.

When a user logs into the CLI, the prompt indicates the user is at the / level.

Chapter 1: Introduction, Navigation and Commands

--:- / cli->

No parameters can be set at this level of the navigation tree. At any CLI prompt at any level, if you type cd and press Tab Tab, the navigation options (path elements) for that level are listed. Different options appear for administrators and for authorized users. When an administrator types the cd command and then presses Tab Tab at the / prompt, the following navigation options (path elements) appear.
--:- / cli-> cd<Tab><Tab>
access/ active_sessions/ authentication/ change_password/ events_and_logs/ monitoring/ network/ ports/ system/ system_tools/ users/

When a regular user types the cd command and then presses Tab Tab at the / prompt, the following navigation options appear.
--:- / cli-> cd<Tab><Tab> access/

Enter cd <one_or_more_path_elements> to move down one or more levels of the navigation tree:
--:- / cli-> cd system_tools

A prompt like the following appears at each level:

--:- system_tools cli->
NOTE: CLI commands are case sensitive.

At any level, you can press Tab Tab at the prompt to see the commands that can be entered at the current level.
---:- system_tools cli-><Tab><Tab>
batch_mode cd commit echo exit ftp help hostname list_configuration ls opiepasswd passwd pwd quit reboot restore_configuration revert save_configuration scp shell show shutdown upgrade_firmware whoami wiz

---:- system_tools cli->

ACS v6000 Command Reference Guide

If you know the path, you can enter multiple path elements in a single command separated with forward slashes (/).
--:- / cli-> cd ports/serial_ports/ --:- serial ports cli->

Enter cd.. to move up one level of the navigation tree. Enter cd../..[/..] to move up multiple levels.
--:- serial ports cli-> cd ../.. --:- / cli->

Autocompletion
Autocompletion allows you to type the first few letters of a command or navigation option and then press Tab. The rest of the name is filled in automatically if the letters typed are unique to one command or to a navigation option at that level. If the letters match more than one of the commands or navigation options for that level, the matching options are listed. For example, if you type cd acc and press Tab at the CLI prompt from the / level, the access option will be completed.
--:- / cli-> cd acc<Tab> --:- / cli-> cd access

If you then press Enter, you are changed to the access level, and the access level prompt appears.
--:- access cli->

The following example illustrates a case when more than one command matches the letters typed.
--:- / cli-> sh<Tab> shell show

Parameters
Some CLI commands take parameters. If you press Tab Tab after a command that requires a parameter, you are prompted to enter the parameter.

Command Line Syntax

NOTE: Square brackets ([ ]) denote an optional element. Each element is separated by a space. There are no spaces between sub-elements.

Command only (help, pwd):

Chapter 1: Introduction, Navigation and Commands

--:- <current_level> cli-> <command>

Commands with paths only (cd, ls, add):

--:- <current_level> cli-> <command> [Path]

Commands with targets (del):

--:- <current_level> cli-> <command> [Path] <Targets>

Commands that require parameters (set):

--:- <current_level> cli-> <command> [Path] <Params>

Commands with values only (sendmsg, ftp...):

--:- <current_level> cli-> <command> [Path] <Values> where: Path := path_elem[/path_elem]* path_elem := . | .. | Section_Label | ^/ Targets := Row_Label(,Row_Label) Params := Param_Names=PValues Param_Names := Param_Label(:Param_Label)* PValues := Value_text(,Value_text)* Values := Value_text Value_text Section_Label Param_Label Value_text := labels or data from the UIC.

Syntax used:
^ : beginning of the element * : 0 - many | : or () : group

ACS v6000 Command Reference Guide

CLI Command Set

Commands Used for the CLI

This chapter describes the general commands used when accessing the virtual console server via the command line interface.
NOTE: Most of the commands work from any location when the path to the command parameter is included. NOTE: The word node refers to an entity such as a route, host or user, which can be added, configured or deleted.

help
Generate a help message about how to navigate the CLI. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> help - Thank you for using the cli This interface allows you to easily modify configurations to customize and define the functionality of your unit. Press <tab> <tab> to see the list of available commands. Please refer to the Reference Guide for a description of commands, special keys and additional information on how to use this interface. Some basic and useful keys are: up/down arrow - navigates up/down in the command history tab (once/twice) - shows the next possible option(s) Other hints: Use backslash '\' to escape spaces, '\' and other control

ACS v6000 Command Reference Guide

characters when assigning values to parameters.

add
Add a node. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> add <Path>

Example:
--:- / cli-> add network/hosts --:#- [hosts] cli->

delete
Delete a node. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> delete <Path> <parameter>

cd
Change directory (level). Syntax:
--:- / cli-> cd <Path>

Example:
--:- / cli-> cd access

Displays the following:

--:- access cli->

Example:
--:- access cli-> cd ..

-or--:- access cli-> cd ../

Moves up one directory level and displays the following:

--:- / cli->

Example:
--:- access cli-> cd /

Moves to the top level and displays the following:

--:- / cli->

Chapter 2: CLI Command Set

Example:
--:- access cli-> cd /information

Displays the following:

--:- information cli->

pwd
Display the path to the current level (print working directory). Syntax:
--:- / cli-> pwd

connect
Connect to a serial port. Syntax:
--:- access cli-> connect <port_name>

Example:
--:- access cli-> connect 77-77-70-p-2

-or(Optional) From the default directory:

--:- / cli-> connect access/77-77-70-p-2

Displays the following:

Password:

-orType the hotkey to suspend the connection:

Ctrl + z
NOTE: The connect, sniff and share commands allow you to connect to serial ports. These commands require authentication when single sign-on is disabled, so the password must be entered to authenticate the user in the authentication type configured for the serial port. If single sign-on is enabled or the user has already been authenticated, the session is opened.

sniff
Connect to a serial port as an additional, view-only user. Syntax:
--:- access cli-> sniff <port_name>

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Example:
--:- access cli-> sniff 77-77-70-p-2

Displays the following:

Password:

-orType the hotkey to suspend the connection:

Ctrl + z

share
Connect to a serial port as an additional, read/write user. Syntax:
--:- access cli-> share <port_name>

Example:
--:- access cli-> share 77-77-70-p-2

Displays the following:

Password:

-orType the hotkey to suspend the connection:

Ctrl + z

disconnect
Use the text session hot key to suspend the target session and return to the CLI. Syntax:
Ctrl+z

exit/quit
Exit the CLI and return to the login prompt. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> exit

-or--:- / cli-> quit

Chapter 2: CLI Command Set

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ftp
Connect to a remote FTP server. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> ftp [<server_IP_address>|<hostname>]
NOTE: You must log into the CLI as root to have full control over the local directory path. All normal FTP commands apply.

scp
Perform a secure shell copy. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> scp [[user@]host1:]file1 [...] [[user@]host2:]file2

set
Set a parameter. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> set <Path> <Parameter>=<Value>

After a parameter has been changed using the set command, a pair of asterisks appear at the beginning of the CLI prompt.
**:- / cli->

Save the change:

**:- / cli-> commit

-orUndo the change:

**:- / cli-> revert
NOTE: After a commit or revert command, the asterisks at the beginning of the CLI prompt are replaced by hyphens. Asterisks will not appear after the execution of the set command if using wizard mode, which can be recognized by a prompt that has a pound sign after the colon and the current directory in square brackets (example, --:#- [hosts] cli->).

commit
Save settings. Syntax:
**:- settings cli-> commit

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ACS v6000 Command Reference Guide

revert
Undo a previous parameter setting. Syntax:
**:- / cli-> revert

ls
Show the available directories or subnodes at the current location. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> ls

Example:
--:- / cli-> ls authentication appliance_authentication/ authentication_servers/ --:- / cli->

show
Show the content of the current location (shows tables and parameters with current values). Syntax:
--:- / cli-> show

Example:
--:- language cli-> show appliance_languate = english --:- / cli->

list_configuration
List the configuration in a format that allows pasting the output directly on the virtual appliance session (console, SSH or Telnet) in order to (re)configure the virtual unit. All configurable parameters are listed under the current node. When the parameter is not configured, the parameter name has the number sign character (#) as its prefix. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> list_configuration

Example:
.list configuration of network device eth0: --:- cli-> cd network/devices/eth0

Chapter 2: CLI Command Set

--:- eth0 cli-> list_configuration echo off cd /network/devices/eth0 batch_mode set status=enabled set ipv4_method=dhcp #set ipv4_method=static #ipv4_address=192.168.160.10 #ipv4_ mask=255.255.255.0 #set ipv4_method=ipv4_address_unconfigured #set ipv6_method=stateless #set ipv6_method=dhcpv6 #set ipv6_method=static #ipv6_address= #ipv6_prefix_length= set ipv6_method=ipv6_address_unconfigured set mode=auto submit echo on commit --:- eth0 cli->

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NOTE: Check the configuration of the program used to open a session against the virtual appliance (SSH/Telnet, TeraTerm / HypertTerminal for console, and so on) to avoid the inclusion of a line feed character in lines that exceed terminal width, because this will affect the past operation.

passwd
Configure the password for the current user. The terminal does not echo the password. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> passwd

opiepasswd
Configure a one-time password (OTP) for the local user. After you type the command, you will be asked for the pass phrase to use for the OTP. Syntax:
--:- / cli-> opiepasswd

Example:
opiepasswd -f -c teste Adding teste: Only use this method from the console; NEVER from remote. If you are using telnet or xterm, type ^C now or exit with no password. Then run opiepasswd without the -c parameter.

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Using MD5 to compute responses. Enter new secret pass phrase: Again new secret pass phrase: ID teste OTP key is 499 AC0241 FOOD HUGH SKI ALMA LURK BRAD

wiz
Configures the IP parameters for the Eth0 interface. Shows the current configuration and asks for new values for the following parameters: Status of the interface (enabled or disabled) IPv4 method (dhcp or static) IPv6 method (dhcp or static) IP address, mask and gateway (if static is chosen for either of the previous parameters) DNS Primary Server, Secondary Server, Domain Name and Hostname

After setting all parameters, confirm that all parameters are correct to save them.

Special Multi-session Commands

The following commands require navigation to an enabled and configured virtual port to which one or more users are simultaneously connected. To get to the port, enter the following command.
--:- / cli-> cd access/<serial_port_ID>

list_shared_session
List the users connected to the shared serial port. Syntax:
--:- <serial_port_ID> cli-> list_shared_session

kill_shared_session
Terminate the connection of a user on the port. The user is returned to the cli-> prompt. Syntax:
--:- <serial_port_ID> cli-> kill_shared_session <username>

Example:
--:- <serial_port_ID> cli-> kill_shared_session admin@139

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sendmsg
Send a message to a user connected to the port. Syntax:
--:- <serial_port_ID> cli-> sendmsg <username> <message>

Example:
--:- <serial_port_ID> cli-> sendmsg admin@139 You are being terminated.

show_databuf and show_appliance_databuf

View the data buffer files for the virtual port. Data buffering must be enabled in the CAS Profile for the port and the user must be authorized for data buffer management. Syntax:
--:- <serial_port_ID> cli-> show_databuf

View the data logging for the virtual appliance. Virtual Appliance Session Data logging must be enabled in Events and Logs/Appliance Logging. Syntax:
--:- / cli -> show_appliance_databuf

The following commands are available for show data buffering:

Return - Scroll forward one line. Ctrl + F - Scroll forward one window. Ctrl + B - Scroll backward one window. /pattern - Search foward in the file for the first line containing the pattern. ?pattern - Search backward in the file for the first line containing the pattern. n - Repeat the search. q - Quit.

cleandbuf and clean_appliance_databuf

Clear the data buffer. Data buffering must be enabled in the CAS Profile or the port and the user must be authorized for data buffer management. Syntax:
--:- <serial_port_ID> cli-> cleandbuf

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Clear the data logging for the virtual appliance. Virtual Appliance Session Data logging must be enabled in Events and Logs/Appliance Logging. Syntax:
--:- / cli -> clean_appliance_dbuf

CLI Equivalent Actions to Web Manager Checkbox Selection

NOTE: The following example procedure, which configures IPv6, illustrates the actions to use in the CLI to enable or disable an option when a checkbox would be selected or deselected in the Web Manager. The sub-parameters will be available after the option is enabled.

To configure IPv6 (example of how to perform the equivalent of Web Manager checkbox selection/deselection): 1. 2. Log into the CLI and enter cd network/settings.
--:- / cli-> cd network/settings

Enter show to view the status of IPv6 configuration.

--:- settings cli-> show hostname = ACS6048 primary_dns = 110.126.129.4 secondary_dns = domain = corp.tst.com enable_ipv6 = no enable_bonding = no

3.

Type set enable_ipv6= and press Tab to view the options for the parameter.
--:- ipv6 cli-> set enable_ipv6=<Tab> no yes

4.

Enter set enable_ipv6=no to disable IPv6.

--:- ipv6 cli-> set enable_ipv6=no

-orEnter set enable_ipv6=yes to enable IPv6.

--:- ipv6 cli-> set enable_ipv6=yes

5.

(Optional) Enter either of the following commands to enable subparameters.

**:- ipv6 cli-> set get_dns_from_dhcpv6=yes

**:- ipv6 cli-> set get_domain_from_dhcpv6=yes

6.

Enter show to verify the change.

Chapter 2: CLI Command Set

**:- settings cli-> show hostname = ACS6048 primary_dns = 110.126.129.4 secondary_dns = domain = corp.tst.com enable_ipv6 = yes get_dns_from_dhcpv6 = no get_domain_from_dhcpv6 = no enable_bonding = no

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7.

Enter commit.

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Port Access and Configuration Examples

By default, all virtual serial ports are disabled. An administrator must enable and configure the ports before anyone can use them. By default, all users can access all enabled and configured ports. The administrator must decide whether to restrict user access to ports by the assignment of authorizations to user groups. A user who is in an authorized group is referred to as an authorized user. Some port configuration tasks are provided as examples of how to use the CLI. See the ACS v6000 Installation/Administration/User Guide for an overview of the tasks the administrator must do to configure restricted access to ports. For more information about how to follow the Web Manager procedures in the CLI, see Configuration Tasks Performed With the CLI on page 2. This section describes the following tasks related to port access, configuration and where the tasks are performed in the CLI.
Table 3.1: Port Access and Configuration Tasks Task View information about the console server and the connected devices Authorized users access enabled and configured ports Administrators configure ports connected to the consoles of devices Where Performed access show

access connect ports

View Information About the Virtual Console Server and Connected Devices
When a regular user or an administrator enters show at the Access level, information about the following appears in the format shown in Table 3.2: The virtual console server

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The serial ports that user is authorized to access (if they are configured with the CAS)
Field For Appliance Name Port Type Status For Serial Port Name Port Type Status Either the default name [XX-XX-XX-p-n (where n=port_number)], an administratorassigned alias or an auto-discovered server name Number of the serial port Serial Idle / In-Use Name assigned to the appliance (for example, ACSv6048-1357908642) N/A N/A N/A Description

Table 3.2: Access Parameters

To view information about the console server and connected devices: 1. 2. Log into the CLI and enter cd access to change to the Access level.
--:- / cli-> cd access

Enter show. Information about the virtual console server and the ports the current user is authorized to access appears.
--:- access cli-> show Name Port Type Status ===================================== ACSv6000 target-1 1 serial in-use 82-00-93-p-2 2 serial idle 82-00-93-p-3 3 serial idle 82-00-93-p-4 4 serial idle Type ls to see available sub-nodes. --:- access cli-> ls ACSv6000/ target-1/ 82-00-93-p-2/

Chapter 3: Port Access and Configuration Examples

82-00-93-p-3/ 82-00-93-p-4/ Type show to see the content of the page. --:- access cli->

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Connect to a Device Console Connected to a Serial Port

The following procedure is an example of how an administrator or an authorized user can connect to a virtual device console when the device is connected to a port that is enabled and configured with the CAS Profile. To connect to a device console connected to a serial port:
NOTE: The serial port must already be configured and enabled prior to this procedure. See Port Configuration Examples on page 22.

1.

Log into the CLI and enter cd access to navigate to the Access level.
--:- / cli-> cd access --:- access cli->

2.

Enter connect <serial_port_name>. If authentication is configured for the port, the Password prompt appears when single sign-on is disabled.
--:- access cli-> connect 77-77-70-p-2 password:

NOTE: The connect command above shows a connection to a port that has an alias of 77-77-70-p-2.

3. 4.

If prompted, enter the password for the port. The following prompt appears.
Type the hot key to suspend the connection: <CTRL>z

Press Enter to continue. You are connected to the virtual device that is connected to the port. The window shows the initial display for the device (usually a console banner and login prompt). An example is shown below.
Ubuntu 6.06.1 LTS fremont-techpubs ttyS2 fremont-techpubs login: fred Password: Last login: Tue Oct 2 13:09:04 2007 on :0 Linux fremont-techpubs 2.6.15-28-386 #1 PREEMPT Wed Jul 18 22:50:32 UTC 2007 i68 6 GNU/Linux #

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Accessing Serial Ports using ts_menu

The ts_menu is an application to facilitate connection to the serial ports. It displays a menu showing the server names connected to the serial ports of the virtual console server. You must configure the login profile for the group that the users belong to as ts_menu. ts_menu options
Table 3.3: ts_menu Parameters Parameter Description Invokes ts_menu as the user named by <user>. This requires a password to be entered. The user only has access to authorized serial ports. Generates a list of ports the user can access. Port aliases are shown if defined. Invokes ts_menu in read-only mode. You may connect in read-only mode to any port you can access. If issued, produces a direct connection to that port. If you have no access rights to the port or if the port does not exist, the application returns a console not found message and terminates. The console port may be the port alias or the port number. Display TCP port. Display Local IP assigned to the serial port. Username to be used in SSH/Telnet command. Escape character used to close the target session. The default escape character is

-u <user> -l -ro <console port> -p -i -u <name> -e <[^]char>

Ctrl-X.

To close the target session: 1. 2. 3. Enter the escape character shown when you connect to the port. The menu with ports is displayed. Select the exit option to return to the shell prompt.

Port Configuration Examples

The following examples show how an administrator can configure a port when a virtual machine is connected. To set up a console access service (CAS) port: 1. Log onto the CLI as an administrator.
--:- / cli->

Chapter 3: Port Access and Configuration Examples

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2.

Enter cd ports/serial_ports/ and enter show to view the configuration of the serial ports.
--:- / cli-> cd /ports/serial_ports/ --:- serial_ports cli-> show
port device status name profile settings ============ ============ ============ ============ ============ ================== 1 ttyS1 enabled target-1 cas telnet-ssh local 2 ttyS2 disabled 82-00-93-p-2 cas telnet-ssh local 3 ttyS3 enabled 82-00-93-p-3 cas telnet-ssh local 4 ttyS4 enabled 82-00-93-p-4 cas telnet-ssh local

Type ls to see available subnodes. --:- / serial_ports cli->

3.

Enter enable_ports and the number of the serial port that is disabled (for example, port 2 above) and enter commit to save the configuration.
--:- serial_ports cli-> enable_ports 2 **:- serial_ports cli-> commit --:- serial_ports cli->

4.

Enter set_cas and the number of the serial port to configure. Enter show to see the current configuration.
--:- serial_ports cli-> set_cas 2 --:#- [serial_ports/cas] cli-> show port: 2 port_name = 82-00-93-p-2 enable_auto_discovery = no protocol = telnet|ssh authentication_type = local text_session_hot_key = ^Z power_session_hot_key = ^P tcp_port_alias = 7002 port_ipv4_alias = port_ipv4_alias_interface = eth0 port_ipv6_alias = port_ipv6_alias_interface = eth0 dcd_sensitivity = no enable_auto_answer = no dtr_mode = normal dtr_off_interval = 100 line_feed_suppression = disabled null_after_cr_suppression = disabled

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transmission_interval = 20 break_sequence = ~break break_interval = 500 log_in|out_multi_session_notification = disabled informational_message_notification = enabled --:#- [serial_ports/cas] cli->

5. 6.

Enter set port_name=<new port name> to change the name of the serial port.
--:#- [serial_ports/cas] cli-> set port_name=serial2

Enter ls to see other available configuration options.

--:#- [serial_ports/cas] cli-> ls data_buffering/ alerts/ Type show to see the content of the page. --:#- [serial_ports/cas] cli->

7.

Enter cd data_buffering to configure data buffering, and enter show to see the current data buffering configuration.
--:#- [serial_ports/cas] cli-> cd data_buffering/ --:#- [serial_ports/data_buffering] cli-> show port: 2 status = disabled type = local time_stamp = disabled login|logout_message = disabled serial_session_logging = enabled --:#- [serial_ports/data_buffering] cli->

8. 9.

Enter set status=enabled to enable local data buffering.

--:#- [serial_ports/data_buffering] cli-> set status=enabled

Enter save to save the configuration.

--:#- [serial_ports/data_buffering] cli-> save --:- serial_ports cli->

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CLI Overview for Administrators

This chapter describes using the Command Line Interface for administrators. Only administrators and authorized users can access the commands listed in this chapter. These procedures assume you have logged into the CLI as an administrator and are at the --:- / cli-> prompt.
NOTE: In the tables that show output from the show command, when an option that is followed by an equal sign (=) is left blank, that option is not assigned a value by default.

System
1. 2. Enter cd system to navigate to the System level.
--:- / cli-> cd system

Enter ls to view the available options.

--:- system cli-> ls security/ date_and_time/ help_and_language/ information/ usage/ vm_settings/

3.

Enter show followed by an option name to view information about each option.
--:- security cli-> show security_profile

System/Security
Enter cd security to navigate to the security level.
--:- / cli-> cd system/security

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Table 4.1: System/Security Options System Navigation Tree dsview dsview allow_appliance_to_be_managed_by_dsview= security_profile idle_timeout= rpc= port_acess_per_user_group_authorization= bootp_enabled= bootp_interface= enable_live_configuration_retrieval_(any_time_dhcp_renews) security_profile/ (when security_profile is configured as custom) enable_telnet_service= enable_ftp_service= enable_snmp_service= enable_ipsec= answer_icmp_message= ssh_version= ssh_tcp_port= ssh_allow_root_access= enable_http_session= http_port= enable_https_session=

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System Navigation Tree http_port= enable_https_session https_ssl_version= https_port= redirect_http|https=

System/Date and Time

Enter cd system/date_and_time to navigate to the date_and_time level.
--:- / cli-> cd system/date_and_time
Table 4.2: Date and Time Options Date and Time Navigation Tree date_and_time date_and_time settings= manual day= hour= minute= month= second= year= time_zone predefined zone=set

System/Help and Language

Enter cd system/help_and_language to navigate to the online_help level.
--:- / cli-> cd system/help_and_language

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To set the online help URL: Perform this procedure if you have downloaded the online help files to a web server that is accessible to the virtual console server. 1. 2. Enter the following command.
--:- / cli> cd system/help_and_language/

Enter the following command.

--:- help_and_language cli> set url=<online_help_location>

A line similar to the following appears.

**:- help_and_language cli>

3.

Save your settings.

**:- help_and_language cli> commit.

Table 4.3: Help and Language Options Help and Language Navigation Tree appliance_language= url=

System/Information
1. 2. Enter cd system/information to navigate to the Information level.
--:- / cli> cd system/information/

Enter show to view the system information.

System/Usage
Enter cd system/usage to navigate to the Usage level.
--:- / cli> cd system/usage/
Table 4.4: System/Usage Options Usage Navigation Tree disk usage memory

System/VMSettings
Enter cd system/vm_settings to navigate to the VM Settings level.
--:- / cli> cd system/vm_settings/

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Enter ls to see options.

--:- vm_settings cli->ls vm_serial_ports/ vcenter/ license/ --:-vm_settings cli->

Enter cd vcenter to configure the vCenter that manages the virtual machines associated with the virtual console server.
Table 4.5: VMSettings Navigation Tree VMSettings Navigation vm_settings vm_serial_ports serial_port virtual_machine_id virtual_port datacenter/cluster status detail vCenter ip_address= username= password= confirm_password= vspc_port= license license serial_number

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VMSettings Navigation ports details

Enter cd vm_serial_ports to see all current associations and to add/delete associations.

--:-vm_settings cli-> cd vm_serial_ports/ --:-vm_serial_ports cli-> show
*serial port ============ *ttyS1 virtual machine virtual port id ============ ============ acs_reg 1 datacenter/cluster status ================== ============ Datacenter-SW normal detail ============

Type ls to see available sub-nodes.

--:-vm_serial_ports cli-> ls ttyS1/

Type show to see the page content.

--:- vm_serial_ports cli-> cd ttyS1/ --:- ttyS1 cli-> show ttyS1 serial port: ttyS1 virtual machine id: target-1 virtual port: 1 datacenter/cluster: Datacenter-SW status: normal detail: --:- ttyS1 cli->

Enter cd license to see current license(s) and to add/delete license(s).

--:-vcenter cli-> cd ../license/ --:-license cli->show
license ======================== AAA-BBB329-A87PW-PHH6U serial number ============ 0345345349 ports ============ 04 detail ============

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Type ls to see available sub-nodes.

--:-license cli->
NOTE: A virtual console server supports up to 48 licensed serial ports. To license more than 48 serial ports, you must install another virtual console server and license the additional ports on that virtual console server. If you try to license more than 48 serial ports on a single virtual console server, the excess ports will not appear.

Network
1. Enter cd network to navigate to the Network level
--:- / cli-> cd network/

2.

Enter ls to view the list of available options.

settings/ devices/ ipv4_static_routes/ ipv6_static_routes/ hosts/ firewall/ ipsec(vpn)/ snmp/

Network/Settings
1. 2. Enter cd network/settings to navigate to the Network settings level.
--:- / cli-> cd network/settings/

Enter show to view the list of available options.

Table 4.6: Network Options Network Navigation Tree settings domain= enable_ipv6= hostname= primary_dns=

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Network Navigation Tree secondary_dns= enable_ipv6= get_dns_from_dhcpv6= get_domain_from_dhcpv6=

Network/IPv4 and IPv6

IPv4 addresses are always enabled. An administrator can also enable IPv6 addresses at the appliance_settings/network/ipv6 level. A procedure to enable IPv6 is used as an example in CLI Equivalent Actions to Web Manager Checkbox Selection on page 16.
Table 4.7: Network/IPv4 and IPv6 Options IPv4 and IPv6 Navigation Tree ipv4_static_routes default_3 gateway= interface= metric= ipv6_static_routes

Network/Devices
The procedure to configure a static IP address for the primary Ethernet interface is usually performed during installation so that administrators have a fixed IP address for access to the Web Manager and can finish configuration. To configure a IPv4 or IPv6 static IP address:
NOTE: This procedure configures either an IPv4 or IPv6 static IP address for the ETH0 (eth0) port. You can configure an IPv6 static IP address only if IPv6 is enabled.

1.

Enter cd network/devices/<eth0> /settings to navigate to the Settings level for the desired interface.
--:- / cli-> cd network/devices/eth0/

2.

Enter set ipv< 4|6> _method=static to set the method to static for IPv4 or IPv6.

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**:- eth0 cli-> set ipv4_method=static

33

3.

Enter set ipv< 4|6> _address=<IP_Address> ipv< 4|6> _mask=<netmask> to set the IP address and subnet mask, then enter commit to save the change.
--:- eth0 cli-> set ipv4_address=172.26.31.10 ipv4_mask=255.255.255.0 **:- eth0 cli-> commit

4.

Enter show to view the changes.

--:- eth0 cli-> show

Table 4.8: Network/Devices Options Devices Navigation Tree devices eth0 ipv4_method= ipv6_method=

Network/Hosts
The following procedure describes how to add a host to the hosts table. To add a host to the host table: 1. 2. Enter cd network/hosts to navigate to the Hosts level.
--:- / cli-> cd network/hosts

Enter show to view the current host settings.

--:- hosts cli-> show 127.0.0.1 ip: 127.0.0.1 hostname: localhost alias: 127.0.0.1/

3.

Type add then press Enter.

--:- hosts cli-> add <Return> --:#- [hosts] cli-> ls ip = hostname = alias = --:#- [hosts] cli->

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4.

Enter set hostname=<hostname> ip=<IP_address> to add the name of a host and the IP address for the host.

NOTE: Each parameter that follows the add command is separated by a space.

--:#- [hosts] cli-> set hostname=sharedacs6000 ip=172.26.31.164

5. 6.

Enter commit.
--:#- [hosts] cli-> save

Enter show to verify the changes took place and to view the new host entry.
--:- hosts cli-> show 127.0.0.1 ip: 127.0.0.1 hostname: localhost alias: 172.26.31.164 ip: 172.26.31.164 hostname: sharedacs6000 alias: 127.0.0.1/add 172.26.31.164/

7.

Enter cd <IP_address>/settings to navigate to the level where you can perform additional configuration of the host entry.
--:- hosts cli-> cd 172.26.31.164/settings

8.

Enter show to view the additions to the host table and the Settings option.
--:- 172.26.31.164 cli-> show ip: 172.26.31.164 hostname = sharedacsv6000 alias =

Table 4.9: Network/Hosts Options Hosts Navigation Tree hosts 127.0.0.1 alias= hostname=

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Network/Firewall
Enter cd network/firewall to navigate to the firewall level.
--:- / cli-> cd network/firewall
NOTE: To set a rule, you must enable the interface, set the rule for the interface and physically connect the interface to the network. Table 4.10: Network/Firewall Options Firewall Navigation Tree firewall ipv ipv4_filter_table FORWARD INPUT OUTPUT ipv6_filter_table FORWARD INPUT OUTPUT

Network/IPSec(VPN)
Enter cd network/ipsec(vpn) to navigate to the ipsec(vpn) level.
--:- / cli-> cd network/ipsec(vpn)
Table 4.11: Network/IPSec(VPN) Options IPSec(VPN) Navigation Tree ipsec(vpn)

Network/SNMP
Enter cd network/snmp to navigate to the snmp level.
--:- / cli-> cd network/snmp

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Table 4.12: Network/SNMP Options SNMP Navigation Tree snmp public_v1|v2/ oid= permission= source=

Wiz command
The wiz command allows administrators to easily and quickly perform the initial network configuration of the eth0. At the command prompt at the / level, enter wiz to view the current IP configuration. To change the IP configuration, press Tab to move through the parameters, and press Esc + Tab to edit the selected parameter. When you are finished, enter yes to confirm that all parameters are correct and to save the new parameters.
--:- / cli-> wiz Current IPv4 address: 172.26.30.249 Current IPv6 address: eth0: device_status = enabled ipv4_method = dhcp ipv4_address = 192.168.160.10 ipv4_mask = 255.255.255.0 ipv4_default_gateway = ipv6_method = ipv6_address_unconfigured ipv6_address = ipv6_prefix_length = ipv6_default_gateway = MAC Address: 00:e0:86:21:67:72 dns: primary_dns = 172.26.29.4 secondary_dns = domain = corp.avocent.com hostname = ACSv6016-0011223344

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Some basic and useful keys are: - tab (once/twice) - shows the next possible commands/option(s) - esc tab - gets the current parameter value for editting Other hints: - Use backslash '\' to escape spaces, '\' and other control characters when assigning values to parameters. Current IPv4 address: 172.26.30.249 Current IPv6 address: eth0: device_status (disabled, enabled) [enabled]:

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Ports
Enter cd ports to navigate to the Ports level.
--:- / cli-> cd ports
Table 4.13: Ports Options Ports Navigation Tree serial ports <serial port number> cas_profile auto_answer input_string output_string auto_discovery settings auto_discovery_timeout_(seconds)= probe_timeout_(seconds)= probe_strings match_strings pool_of_ports pool_name=

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Ports Navigation Tree pool_tcp_port_alias= pool_ipv4_alias= pool_ipv4_alias_interface= pool_ipv6_alias= pool_ipv6_alias_ interface= pool_members=

Table 4.14: Serial Port Commands Command Summary Edits the command to configure a list of serial ports with the CAS profile. Syntax: set_cas<serial port number>, <serial port number> This command has three sub-nodes: cas, data_buffering and alerts. Copies the configuration from one port to a list of serial ports. Syntax: clone_ports<serial port number> Resets the serial ports to factory configuration. (This is disabled for CAS profile.) Syntax: reset_port_to_factory<serial port number>, [<serial port number>] Enables serial ports. Syntax: enable_ports<serial port number>, [<serial port number>] Disables serial ports. Syntax: disable_ports<serial port number>, [<serial port number>]

set_cas

clone_ports

reset_port_to_factory

enable_ports

disable_ports

Example of how to set a list of serial ports 2,5 and 6 with the CAS Profile and configure protocol as telnet:
--:- serial_ports cli-> --:#-[serial_ports/cas] protocol = telnet --:#-[serial_ports/cas] selected items:2,5,6 port_name = enable_auto_discovery = protocol = telnet set cas 2,5,6 cli-> set cli-> show

no

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authentication_type = local text_session_hot_key = ^Z power_session_hot_key = ^P tcp_port_alias = 7001 port_ipv4_alias = port_ipv4_alias_interface = eth0 port_ipv6_alias = port_ipv6_alias_interface = eth0 dcd_sensibility = no enable_auto_answer = no dtr_mode = normal dtr_off_interval = 100 line_feed_suppression = disabled null_after_cr_suppression = disabled transmission_interval = 20 break_sequence = ~break break_interval = 500 log_in|out_multi_session_notification = disabled informational_message_notification = enabled --:#- [serial_ports/cas] cli-> ls data_buffering/ alerts/ --:#- [serial_ports/cas] cli-> save --:- serial_ports cli->

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To copy the configuration from serial port 5 to ports 10 and 15:

--:- serial_ports cli-> clone_ports 5 --:#- [serial_ports] cli-> show Copy configuration from: 5 copy_configuration_to = --:#- [serial_ports] cli-> set copy_configuration_to=10,15 --:#- [serial_ports] cli-> save --:- serial_ports cli->

Authentication
Enter cd authentication to navigate to the authentication level.
--:- / cli-> cd authentication

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NOTE: Kerberos does not work unless the administrator copies the /etc/krb5.keytab file from the Kerberos server and overwrites the /etc/krb5.keytab file in the console server.

Table 4.15: Authentication Options Authentication Navigation Tree appliance_authentication authentication_servers radius tacacs+ ldap(s)/ad kerberos nis dsview

Users
Enter cd users to navigate to the users level.
--:- / cli-> cd users

Table 4.16: Users Options Users Navigation Tree local_accounts user_names root admin password_rules password enforcement default expiration authorization

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Users Navigation Tree groups admin appliance-admin user

To add a user and password: 1. 2. Enter cd users/local_accounts/user_names to navigate to the user_names level.
--:- / cli-> cd users/local_accounts/user_names

Enter add. Then enter set with the parameters all on one line separated by spaces as shown.
--:- user_names cli-> add --:#- [user_name] cli-> set user_information/ user_name=fred password=smith123abc confirm_password=smith123abc --:#- [user_names] cli->

3. 4.

Enter save.
--:#- [user_names] cli-> save

Enter show to verify that the new user has been added.
--:#- [user_names] cli-> show

Syslog
Enter cd appliance_settings/syslog to navigate to the syslog level.
--:- / cli-> cd appliance_settings/syslog

Table 4.17: Syslog Options Syslog Navigation Tree remote_server_ipv4 server_ip_or_hostname (to specify multiple servers, separate the entries with commas) remote_server_ipv6 server_ip_or_hostname (to specify multiple servers, separate the entries with commas) appliance_console

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Events_and_Logs
Enter cd events_and_logs to navigate to the events_and_logs level.
--:- / cli-> cd events_and_logs
Table 4.18: Events_and_Logs Options Events_and_Logs Navigation Tree event list event destinations syslog snmp trap sms email dsview data_buffering local_data_buffering_settings segment_size_(kbytes)= spare_segments= nfs_data_buffering_settings nfs_server= nfs_path= segment_size_(kbytes)= spare_segments= syslog_data_buffering_settings syslog_facility=

Active Sessions Information

The Active Session information fields are described in Table 4.19. An authorized user can kill an active session with the Kill command.

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Table 4.19: Active Sessions Field Descriptions Field user client_ip creation_time session_type connection_type target_name id parent id Description Logged in user Source of the connection Time of the session creation Type of session (console, http) Type of connection (cli, wmi - that is, Web Manager) Target name or alias if session is an access session Session ID Parent ID if session is a subsession

43

To view and kill Active_Sessions: 1. From the / level CLI prompt, enter cd active_sessions.
--:- / cli-> cd active_sessions --:- active_sessions cli->

2.

Enter show. Information displays as shown about all active sessions.

--:- active_sessions cli-> show 37 user: admin client_ip: none creation_time: Tue Dec 18 03:31:01 2007 session_type: console connection_type: cli target_name: id: 37 parent_id: --:- active_sessions cli->

3.

To kill a session (if authorized), enter kill followed by the session number.

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APPENDICES

Appendix A: Migration CLI

The Migration CLI is a tool that allows you to configure an ACS v6000 virtual console server that is running scripts based in the ACS advanced console server. For full configuration and management commands, it is recommended you use the ACS v6000 virtual console servers CLI.
NOTE: References to an ACS advanced console server in this section refer to any advanced console server other than the ACS v6000 virtual console server.

In the ACS v6000 virtual console server, the login profile for the user root goes directly to the shell prompt. This will allow the root user to run Migration CLI commands out of the ACS v6000 virtual console server. A new group, login-profile-shell, is created with only root as a member. To run commands based from an ACS advanced console server, a root user should type CLI before the command. Access rights The access rights on the ACS v6000 virtual console server are based on authorization groups. The administrator configures the virtual serial ports the group can access. To allow you to configure access rights, the following table displays authorization groups that will be created on the ACS v6000 virtual console server when using the Migration CLI.
Table A.1: Access Rights Groups Group cli_mus_ttySxx Members Users who can open a second session to a serial port. Users who can access a serial port in a single session. Permissions Access to a serial port in a multisession (read/write or read only) Access to a serial port in a single read/write session.

cli_access_ttySxx

Exceptions This section will list all ACS advanced console server CLI commands not available in the Migration CLI for the ACS v6000 virtual console server. For a list of available commands, see the Cyclades ACS Installation/Administration/User Guide. The following commands or values are not supported by the Migration CLI:

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Table A.2: Commands Not Supported by the Migration CLI Command administration backupconfig loadfrom sd backupconfig saveto sd upgradefw checkum application connect pm view config administration bootconf bootype flashtest maxevents ramtest config administration notifications addemail addpager addsnmptrap alarm delete edit config application pmdconfig general add delete config application terminalmenu add N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A bootp/both/ftp full/skip <number> full/quick/skip N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A Value or Descriptions

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Command delete menutitle config network hostSettings secipaddress secsubnetmask mtu config physicalports access users/groups authtype termshell logintimeout config physicalports databuffering mode showmenu syslogsize config physicalports general pmsessions protocol config physicalports multiuser users sniffmode config physicalports other SSHexitkey banner host sttyoptions

Value or Descriptions N/A N/A

<nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn> <nnn.nnn.nnn.nnn> N/A

accepts only list of usernames assume local <shell command> <login timeout in seconds>

cir/lin file/fileanderase/no/noerase/yes <record length in bytes[40-255]>

none/ssh/ssh_telnet/telnet bidirectionaltelnet, consoleraw, cslip, local, rawsocket, slip, sshv1, sshv2, telnet

accepts only list of users in/inout/no/out

<SSH exit key> <login banner> <host> <stty options>

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Command tcpkeepalive

Value or Descriptions <number> aixterm, att6386, linux-lat, vt100, vt320, xtermcolor, ansi, ibm3151, scoansi, vt102, vt52, at386, linux, sun, vt220, xterm no/yes <number>

terminaltype

winems idletimeout

config physicalports power management enableIPMI disableIPMI key server config security addgroup/delgroup config security adduser shell comments config security profile custom ports auth2sport ports bidirect ports raw2sport ports ssh2sport ports telnet2sport ssh ssh_x509 config virtualport config ipmi security authentication <all or range/list[1-numberOfPorts]> no/yes no/yes no/yes no/yes no/yes no/yes <shell cmd but ts_menu> <comments> N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A

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Command authtype pppauthtype timeout -t<time> -T config security loadkey url username

Value or Descriptions Otp, Otp/Local Otp, Otp/Local

Time-out in minutes Disable the idle time-out. Same as -t0

N/A N/A

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Appendix B: Su and Sudo Commands

The su and sudo commands allow a user to execute commands as a different user.

Su command
Using the su (switch user) command, a user can switch to another user account to execute commands not authorized with their normal account. If used without a username, the su command defaults to root. Only users who are members of the wheel group can execute the su command to log in as root.
NOTE: The wheel group is a Linux group and is included in the firmware by default.

You will be prompted for the password of the account youre trying to switch to with the su command. You will remain logged into that account until you either press Ctrl-D or type exit.
NOTE: The su command will open a shell session instead of the restricted shell. The user will receive the shell prompt. Improper use of shell commands could lead to data loss. Double-check your syntax when using shell commands.

Syntax:
su [options][-][username[arguments]]

The following table describes options that can be used with the su command.
Table B.1: Su Command Options Option -, -l, --login -m, -p, --preserveenvironment Description Uses an environment similar to that had the user logged in directly. When - is used, it must be specified as the last su option. Preserves the current environment.

Optional arguments may be provided after the username, in which case they are supplied to the shell (/bin/sh). To add a member to the wheel group: 1. 2. 3. 4. Create the user using the Web Manager or CLI. Open a session in the appliance and log in as root. In the shell prompt, run the usermod command to add the user to the wheel group.
# usermod -G wheel <username>

Run the groups command to verify.

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# groups <username>

Sudo command
Using the sudo (superuser do) command, a user can execute a command using the privileges of another user (often root), as specified in the /etc/sudoers file. The user is authenticated using his own password, not the root password. The /etc/sudoers file logs all commands and arguments. Syntax:
sudo <command>

Configuring sudo A system administrator configures the /etc/sudoers file to give groups or users access to some or all commands not authorized with their normal account. An administrator should log into the console server as a root user and edit the /etc/sudoers file by using the /usr/sbin/visudo command to configure sudo. The sudoers file is composed of aliases and user specifications. When multiple entries match for a user, they are applied in order. Where there are conflicting values, the last match is used. Since the sudoers file is parsed in a single pass, order is important. You should structure sudoers so that the Host_Alias, User_Alias, and Cmnd_Alias specifications come first, followed by any Default_Entry lines, and finally the Runas_Alias and user specifications. An example of an /etc/sudoers file:
#User alias specification User_Alias FULLTIMERS = millert, mikef, dowdy User_Alias PARTTIMERS = bostley, jwfox, crawl #Cmnd alias specification Cmnd_Alias KILL = /bin/kill Cmnd_Alias SHUTDOWN = /sbin/shutdown Cmnd_Alias REBOOT = /sbin/reboot Cmnd_Alias SU = /bin su FULLTIMERS ALL = KILL, SHUTDOWN, REBOOT, SU PARTTIMERS ALL = SHUTDOWN, REBOOT

In the preceding example, the users millert, mikef and dowdy can execute the kill, shutdown, reboot and su commands while the users bostley, jwfox and crawl can only shut down and reboot the console server.

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Appendix C: Technical Support

Our Technical Support staff is ready to assist you with any installation or operational issues you encounter with your Avocent product. If an issue should develop, follow the steps below for the fastest possible service. To resolve an issue: 1. 2. Check the pertinent section of this manual to see if the issue can be resolved by following the procedures outlined. Visit www.avocent.com/support and use one of the following resources: Search the knowledge base or use the online service request -orSelect Technical Support Contacts to find the Avocent Technical Support location nearest you.

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For Technical Support:

www.avocent.com/support

590-1032-501A