Scribd
Upload
8 views

Integration Rules

integration rules

Uploaded by

kentdevera07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
8 views

Integration Rules

integration rules

Uploaded by

kentdevera07
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 2

Calculus 2

2nd Semester

Derivatives of Trigonometric Functions un+1


• ∫ un du = + c ;n = -1
n+1

• sin u = cos u du 1
• ∫ u du = ln|u| + c
• cos u = - sin u du
• tan u = sec2u du au
• ∫ au du= +c
• sec u = sec u tan u du ln a

• csc u = - csc u cot u du


• ∫ eu du = eu + c
• cot u = - csc2u du

Pythagorean Relations • ∫ sin u du = - cos u + c

• sin2x + cos2x = 1 • ∫ cos u du = sin u + c


✷ sin2x = 1 - cos2x
• ∫ tan u du = ln | sec u | + c
✷ cos2x = 1 - sin2x
• tan2x + 1 = sec2x
• ∫ sec u du = ln | sec u + tan u | + c
✷ tan2x = sec2x – 1
• cot2x + 1 = csc2x
• ∫ csc u du = - ln | csc u + cot u | +c
✷ cot2x = csc2x – 1

Quotient Relations • ∫ cot u du = ln | sin u | + c

sin x cos x • ∫ sec2 u du = tan u + c


• tan x = • cot x =
cos x sin x

• ∫ csc2 u du = - cot u + c
Reciprocal Relations
• ∫ sec u tan u du = sec u + c
1 1
• sin x= • csc x =
csc x sin x • ∫ csc u cot u du = - csc u + c
1 1
• cos x= • sec x = du u u
sec x cos x • ∫√ = arcsin a + c or -arcos +c
a2 - u2 a

1 1
• tan x= • cot x = du 1 u 1 u
cot x tan x • ∫ 2 = a arctan a + c or - a arcot +c
a2+u a

Integration Rules • ∫
du 1 u 1
= a arcsec a + c or - a arcsc
u
+c
u√a2 - u2 a

• ∫ dx = x + c
Cases
• ∫ kdx = k ∫ dx
• Case 1: ∫ sinm u cosn u du
xn+1
• ∫ x2 dx = +c ✷ where m and/or n are odd
n+1
✷ ∫ sinm-1 cosn sin u du
• ∫ f(x1 ) + f(x2 ) dx = ∫ fx1 dx+ ∫ fx2 dx
Calculus 2
2nd Semester

• Case 2: ∫ sinm u cosn u du


✷ where m and n are even

1 + cos 2x
✷ if: cos2 x =
2

1 - cos 2x
✷ if: sin2 x = 2

• Case 3: ∫ sin mx cos nx dx


✷ m > n: sin mx cos nx
1
= 2 [sin (m+n)x + sin (m–n)x]
✷ n > m: sin mx cos nx
1
= 2 [sin (m+n)x - sin (n–m)x]
✷ cos mx cos nx
1
= 2 [cos (m+n)x + sin (m–n)x]
✷ sin mx cos nx
1
= 2 [cos (m+n)x - cos (m–n)x]

• Case 4: ∫ secm udu or ∫ cscn udu


✷ where m and n are even
✷ ∫ secm-2 u sec2 u du
✽ substitute: tan2x + 1 = sec2x
✷ ∫ cscn-2 u csc2 u du
✽ substitute: cot2x + 1 = csc2x

• Case 5: ∫ tanm udu or ∫ cotn udu


✷ ∫ tanm-2 u tan2 u du
✽ substitute: tan2x = sec2x – 1
✷ ∫ cotm-2 u cot2 u du
✽ substitute: cot2x = csc2x – 1

• Case 6: ∫ tanm u secn u du or

or ∫ cotm u cscn u du or

You might also like