Disaster Readiness
and
Risk Reduction
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Disasters and Its Effect
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 3: Disasters and Its Effects
First Edition, 2020
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Published by the Department of Education Secretary:
Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Module
Writers: Rodgem A. Barairo Josefina
M. Fabra
Editors: Cristeta M. Arcos
Anne Marielle R. Del Mundo
Vanessa R. Ambas
Reviewers: Richard Brian L. Tutor
Illustrator: Leumel M. Cadapan
Ronan DC Vergara
Layout Artist: Leumel M. Cadapan
Maria Elinor F. Hemedes
Management Team:
Wilfredo E. Cabral
Job S. Zape Jr.
Eugenio S. Adrao
Elaine T. Balaogan
Rosemarie D. Torres
Ernesto D. Lindo
Dolorosa S. De Castro
Cristeta M. Arcos
Printed in the Philippines by ________________________
Department of Education – Region IV-A CALABARZON
Office Address: Gate 2, Karangalan Village 1900, Cainta, Rizal
Telefax: 02-8682-5773/8684-4914/8647-7487
E-mail Address:
[email protected]/
[email protected] Disaster Readiness
and
Risk Reduction
Quarter 1 – Module 3:
Disasters and Its Effects
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction for Grade 11/12
Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Disaster and Its Effects!
This module was collaboratively designed, developed, and reviewed by
educators both from public and private institutions to assist you, the
teacher or facilitator in helping the learners meet the standards set by the
K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore,
this also aims to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in
the body of the module:
Notes to the Teacher
This containshelpful tips or strategies
that
will help you in guiding the learners.
As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are
expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks
included in the module.
For the learner:
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Welcome to the Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction for Grade 11
Alternative Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Disaster and Its Effects!
The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is
often used to depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may
learn, create, and accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource
signifies that you as a learner is capable and empowered to successfully
achieve the relevant competencies and skills at your own pace and time.
Your academic success lies in your own hands!
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and
time. You will be enabled to process the contents of the learning resource
while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:
What I Need to This will give you an idea of the skills or
Know competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.
What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to check
what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the
answers correct (100%), you may
decide to skip this module.
What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link the
current lesson with the previous
one.
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What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be introduced to
you in various ways such
as a story, a song, a poem, a problem
opener, an activity or a situation.
What is It This section provides a brief discussion of
the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.
What’s More This comprises activities for independent practice
to solidify your understanding
and skills of the topic. You may check
the answers to the exercises using the
Answer Key at the end of the module.
What I Have This includes questions or blank
Learned sentence/paragraph to be filled in to
process what you learned from the
lesson.
What I Can Do This section provides an activity which
will help you transfer your new
knowledge or skill into real life situations
or concerns.
Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your level of
mastery in achieving the learning
competency.
Additional
In this portion, another activity will be
Activities given to you to enrich your knowledge or
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skill of the lesson learned. This also
tends retention of learned concepts.
Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the
module.
At the end of this module you will also find:
References This is a list of all sources used in
developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other
activities included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through
with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do
not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind
that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful
learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies.
You can do it!
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What I Need to Know
This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help
you master the lesson on Disaster and Its Effects. The scope of this
module permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The
language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students and
the lessons are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course.
But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond with
the textbook that you are now using.
The Module is intended to equip you with knowledge on different Effects of
Disasters in One’s Life.
After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. Identify the effects of disasters to human and to the society.
2. Determine ways to lessen the impact of a disaster.
3. Cite personal values that can help one overcome the effects of
disasters.
4. Help the community in reducing the effects of natural and
humanmade disasters.
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What I Know
Lesso Effects of Disasters on
n1 one’s
Life
A natural disaster can bring about many devastating effects.
Among these are deaths, destruction of infrastructures, loss of livelihood
and services, and other physical and nonphysical effects. Since we are
partly responsible for the disasters happening around us, we must change
some of our ways, in order to prevent or minimize the effects of disasters
in our lives.
What’s In
Direction: Think of five (5) disasters that you had experienced, watched,
or read in the past two years. Then, write how you feel while experiencing,
watching, or reading it.
Calamity/Disaster Your Feeling
1.
2.
3.
4.
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5.
What’s New
Direction: Below are some illustrations depicting expressions about
COVID 19 pandemic. Read them silently and try to figure out by answering
the questions on the next page.
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What troubling situations reminded you of the scenarios? Share the
feelings and opinions that you had related to the situations as shown in
the illustrations.
(Write your thoughts and ideas below)
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What is It
A disaster is a damaging event that occurs suddenly and involves
loss of life and property. It can be of two types, natural and man-made.
Natural disasters can destroy a whole community in an instant.
Examples of natural disasters are volcanic eruptions, tsunamis,
earthquakes, and typhoons which are destructive to people's lives.
Man-made disasters on the other hand are caused by human beings.
Some of the man-made disasters are bomb explosions, terrorism, wars,
leakage of poisonous chemicals, pollutions, industrial accidents, and
epidemics. They are identified as man- made disasters because they
happen due to human actions and not by natural forces.
What is the difference between hazard and disaster?
A hazard is a dangerous situation or event that carries a threat to
humans. A disaster is an event that harms humans and disrupts the
operations of society. Hazards can only be considered disasters once it
affected humans. If a disaster happened in an unpopulated area, it is still
a hazard.
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The Human Effect of Natural and Man-Made Disasters
1. Displaced Populations
One of the most immediate effects of natural disasters is population
displacement. When countries are ravaged by earthquakes or other
powerful forces of nature, many people need to abandon their homes
and seek shelter in other regions. A large influx of refugees can disrupt
accessibility of health care and education, as well as food supplies and
clean water.
2. Health Risks
Aside from the obvious immediate danger that natural disasters
present, the secondary effect can be just as damaging. Severe flooding
can result in stagnant water that allows breeding of waterborne
bacteria and malariacarrying mosquitoes. Without emergency relief
from international aid organizations and others, death tolls can rise
even after the immediate danger has passed.
3. Food Scarcity
The aftermath of natural disasters affects the food supplies. Thousands
of people around the world are hungry because of destroyed crops and
loss of agricultural supplies, whether it happens suddenly in a storm or
gradually in a drought. As a result, food prices rise reducing families’
purchasing power and increasing the risk of severe malnutrition or
worse. The impacts of hunger following an earthquake, typhoon or
hurricane can be tremendous, causing lifelong damage to children’s
development.
4. Emotional Aftershocks
Natural disasters can be particularly traumatic for young children.
Confronted with scenes of destruction and the deaths of friends and
loved ones, many children develop post-traumatic stress disorder
(PTSD), a serious psychological condition resulting from extreme
trauma. Left untreated, children suffering from PTSD can be prone to
lasting psychological damage and emotional distress.
‘The Devastating Impact on Natural Disasters’, ChildFund, last modified May 30, 2020,
https://www.childfund.org/Content/NewsDetail/2147489272/
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Great damage caused by a disaster can be reduced if everyone will take
responsibility in anticipating its effects. Here are some ways on how to
plan ahead of a disaster:
1. Check for hazards at home.
2. Identify safe place indoors and outdoors 3. Educate
yourself and family members
4. Have Disaster kits/supplies on hand.
5. Develop an emergency communication plan.
6. Help your community get ready.
7. Practice the Disaster Preparedness Cycle
plan
Evaluate
Organize and Equip
Exercise Plan
Train
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What’s More
Direction: Consider yourself as a friend to the following people. Given
their situations and the fact that they are suffering from a previous
disaster, state the impact / effects of the disasters they are experiencing
and what tips, advice or words can you give them to help them recover?
Put your answer on a clean sheet of paper.
1. Dale Marc is a 16-year-old student. He lives in Taal, Batangas,
together with his family. Fishing is their primary source of income.
They found out that the Taal volcano had erupted in Taal Batangas.
What are the possible effects / effects of this condition on their
family, and what advice are you going to give him?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Anna is a primary school teacher in Cainta, Rizal. She used to be the
mother of two beautiful children. Their community was hit by a
Super Typhoon submerging and washed away their homes and
properties. It
is noticeably clear to her mind how her two children tried to hold
their hands tightly, but their hands slipped away. What would be the
potential effect / effects of the Super Typhoon teacher Anna is
experiencing? How do you think can she be helped in coping up
from the tragedy?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
3. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an infectious disease
caused by severe acute coronavirus 2 respiratory syndrome (SARS-
CoV-2). It was first identified in Wuhan, Hubei, China in December
2019 and resulted in a continuing pandemic. The first confirmed
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case in Hubei dates back to 17 November 2019. The virus arrived in
the Philippines on 30 January 2020 when the first case of the
disease was confirmed in Metro Manila. After more than a month
without recording any cases, the Philippines confirmed its first local
transmission on 7 March 2020. Since then, the virus has spread to
the country with at least one case recorded in the 17 regions of the
country. During this pandemic situation, Nurses serves as a
“frontliner” to help COVID patients obtain good health and recover
from their current situation. What could be the potential effect /
impact of the increasingly confirmed cases of COVID patients on
Nurses in the Philippines?
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
What I Have Learned
Knowing that a disaster disturbs the usual pattern of life and can cause both
physical and emotional harm among people, how would you ensure that you are
prepared to face the possible effects of ANY disaster that you may encounter in
life?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
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What I Can Do
Suppose you have watched a true-to-life story featured on a television. On your
journal, compose a letter addressed to Ate Charing (a TV program host). Your
letter should narrate how the main character/s in the story inspired you with
everything that he/she went through and the process on how he/she survived
over the challenges of the disaster that he/she had experienced. Make sure that
emphasis will be given on the disaster effects to the life of the main character.
Your output will be graded according to this rubric.
4 3 2 1
The story is
The story is on The story is
The story on topic and
Story/ topic but the neither on topic
adheres to the the
Content substance is nor has
theme/topic substance is
satisfactory. substance.
fair.
Chain of The story is Some Ideas and scenes
events very well Clear transitions seem to be
organized, and transitions are are not clear randomly
scenes follow a used in most and hard to arranged and
logical scenes. follow. improvement is
sequence. needed.
Most readers
Readers could The reader It is difficult to
would have
describe the knows a little tell the actual
Characters clear idea on
characters about the role of the
the role of the
accurately. characters. characters.
characters.
***derived from google/teacherspayteachers.com
–
Additional Activities
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Read the quotation below. Then, write your agreement or disagreement to the
message that it conveys.
“Disasters gave me two things:
a moment to REACT and
a decision to OVERCOME.”
Michael Doo
ley
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
References
Choudhary, Richa. “Important Short Notes on Disaster Management”. Eck
School. Eckovation Padhte Chalo, Badhte Chalo, May 29, 2017.
https://school.eckovation.com/disaster-management-short-notes/
Castro, Ryan, “Disaster Risk Reduction and Management”, Slideshare,
November 19, 2013, https://www.slideshare.net/irpex/disasterrisk-
reduction-and-management-28415360
Mahar, Patrick, et.al.’ “Disasters and their Effects on the Population: Key
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Concepts“, https://www.aap.org/en-us/Documents/disasters_dpac
_PEDsModule
“What is a disaster?”. The international Federation of Red Cross and Red
Crescent, 2020.
https://www.ifrc.org/en/what-we-do/disastermanagement/about-
disasters/what-is-a-disaster/
“The Devastating Impact of Natural Disasters”. Child Fund International,
February 6, 2013.
https://www.childfund.org/Content/NewsDetail/2147489272/
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For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)
Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex
Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600
Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985
