Science( factor)

Unit # 1
Characteristics and life processes of
Organisms

In your book (pg 7)

Q: 1 Write down examples of:

 Animals that are warm Blooded

Warm-blooded animals: Humans, horses, cats etc.

 Animals that are cold blooded

Cold-blooded animals: fishes, sharks etc.

 Animals that live on land

Animals living on land: Humans, cats, dogs, etc.

 Animals that live in water

Animals living in water: Fishes, sharks, sea horses etc.

 Animals that live on land and in water

Animals that live on land and water: turtles, sea lions etc.

 Animals that have feathers

Animals that have feathers: birds

 Animals that have fur or hair

Animals that have fur or hair: cats

 Animals that have scales

Animals that have scales: fishes

Q: 2 How do scientists classify these animals? Name the class each

animals belongs to.

Scientists classify animals by looking at many physical features e.g. whether

they are warm or cold blooded , how they give birth to their young, whether
they live on land or in water, and whether they have feathers, fur/hair or
scales.

Learning is Fun (pg 12)

Q: 1 Discuss the importance of classification.

Classification is done to make it easier to talk about and study things as

things that share common features are grouped together.

Q: 2 What are the similarities between animals and plants?

Some similarities are:

• Both need food and water

• Both need air to breathe

• Both reproduce

Q: 3 What are the differences between vertebrates and

invertebrates?

Some differences are:

• Vertebrates have a backbone; invertebrates do not have a backbone or

spinal column

• Vertebrates are less than 5% of all animals on Earth; invertebrates are

more than 95% of all animals on Earth

• Vertebrates do not have an external skeleton; invertebrates have an

external skeleton

• Vertebrates are comparatively larger in size than invertebrates

Q: 4 What are the differences between Gymnosperm and

angiosperm?

Some differences are:

• Gymnosperms do not produce seeds and fruits; angiosperms produce

seeds and fruits for reproduction

• Gymnosperms reproduce using spores or other vegetative means;

angiosperms reproduce using seeds and fruits.

Q: 5 How are Iris, Rose, Pomegranate tree and cactus similar to

each other? How are they different from each other?
They are similar because:

• All produce their own food

• All have same parts, but with different complexity levels

They are different because, some are flowing and some are non-flowing and
flowing plants produce seeds and fruits for reproduction, while non-flowing
plants do not produce seeds and fruits and reproduce using spores or other
vegetative means.

Q: 6 Why is the biodiversity important? In your opinion, how can we

protect diversity of plants and animals?

Biodiversity is important because each type of plant and animal has specific
features and plays an important role in our lives. These different plants and
animals help each other survive and function together, if one is disturbed,
the entire system of nature may be disturbed and cause many problems. We
can protect biodiversity by treating the natural environment with care and
responsibility e.g. not waste water, not spread garbage or cut trees etc.

In your book (pg 16)

Q: 1How many bones are there in a human adult’s body?

A human adult body has 206 bones. A human child body has more than 300
bones.

Q: 2 How many bones are there in a human child’s body?

When a child grows up, some of his bones knit together to form larger bones.

In your book (pg 17)

Q: 1 Why do you have bones.

You have bones to support your body and stop it from collapsing to the
ground, to protect your internal organs from damage, to keep your internal
organs in place and to work with your muscles and tendons

Q: 2 Why is it important to have strong bones?

To enable you to move.

It is important to have strong bones so that they can carry out the above
functions and not be damaged.

In your book (pg 18)

Q: 1 What is the function of your muscles?

Muscles help you move and also help you move things around your body.

Q: 2 How do muscles work to bring about movement in your body?

Muscles work by contracting and relaxing to help you move.

In your book (pg 21)

Q1: What happens when you breathe in?

When you breathe in, your lungs get bigger as they take oxygen from the air.
This oxygen is then transfer into your body and pumped around your body.

Q:2 What happens when you breathe out?

When you breathe out, you are getting rid of carbon dioxide that your body
doesn’t need.

In your book (pg 23)

Q: 1 Describe your intestine and explain the work that they do.

The intestines take food from your stomach and transport waste food to your
anus, where it leaves your body. As the food travels along the intestines, it is
broken down so that it is broken down so that it is absorbed in the blood and
used up by the body.

In your book (pg 24)

Q: 1 What part does the leaf play in the growth of a plant.

Leaves are the place where food is produced. The system of producing food
is called photosynthesis. Leaves contain a green substance called chlorophyll
(which is why leaves are green most of the time). The Chlorophyll converts
energy from the Sun and when this is combined with water and carbon
dioxide, food is produced.

In your book (pg 27)

Q:1 What do plants need to carry our photosynthesis?

For photosynthesis to occur, plants need four things:

• Water

• carbon dioxide

• sunlight
• chlorophyll

Q :2 How does photosynthesis take place?

A plant collects water from the ground, it gets sunlight from the Sun and it
breathes in carbon dioxide (a gas) from the air. Photosynthesis takes place in
the leaves. Leaves contain a substance called chlorophyll.

Learning is Fun (pg 29)

Q: 1 What are the function of three parts of plants?

The functions of the following parts are:

• Roots: absorb water and minerals from the ground. They also help to
anchor the plant in the ground

• Stem: transports water up the plant. It also supports the leaves and
flowers, particularly against wind.

• Leaf: the place where food is produced. The system of producing food is
called photosynthesis. Leaves contain a green substance called chlorophyll.

• Flower: produce seeds which form new plants. However, not all plants
have flowers.

Q: 2 Name the process that make a plant live, grow and reproduce.

There are four main processes that enable plants to live, grow, and
reproduce. These processes are photo-Synthesis, transpiration,
transportation, and reproduction.

Q:3 How does fertilization take place in a plant?

Plant fertilization occurs when pollen grains transfer from the anther of one
plant to the stigma of another plant. From the stigma, the pollen goes down
the tube to the ovary, where a seed is formed.