Hello MassCoders!

Check out our Free Resources with Notes:

Nihar’s Web Development Series with MERN with Free Notes

Nihar’s Python Full Course with Free Notes
Nihar’s Machine Learning Series with Free Notes

Roadmap for Data Scientist:

1. Fundamental Skills

● Mathematics: Focus on statistics, probability, and linear algebra.

● Programming: Learn Python or R. Python is particularly popular due to
its extensive libraries like NumPy, Pandas, and Scikit-learn.
● Data Manipulation and Analysis: Get proficient in using Pandas (for
Python) or dplyr (for R) to manipulate and prepare data for analysis.

2. Data Visualization

● Visualization Tools: Learn to use tools like Matplotlib, Seaborn (Python),

ggplot2 (R), and interactive visualization libraries like Plotly.
● Data Presentation: Understand how to present data insights effectively
to both technical and non-technical audiences.

3. Machine Learning

● Supervised Learning: Get comfortable with regression and

classification techniques.
● Unsupervised Learning: Explore clustering, dimensionality reduction,
and association algorithms.
● Ensemble Methods: Learn about random forests, gradient boosting
machines, and stacking.
● Neural Networks and Deep Learning: Basic understanding of neural
networks, CNNs, RNNs, and frameworks like TensorFlow or PyTorch.
4. Advanced Machine Learning

● Natural Language Processing: Techniques like tokenization,

embedding, sentiment analysis, and language models.
● Computer Vision: Basics of image processing, object detection, and
image classification.
● Reinforcement Learning: Understanding of agents, environments,
rewards, and Q-learning.

5. Big Data Technologies

● Big Data Frameworks: Learn Hadoop, Spark, and Apache Flink for
processing large datasets.
● Databases: Familiarity with SQL databases (like PostgreSQL, MySQL)
and NoSQL databases (like MongoDB, Cassandra).

6. Real-world Projects

● Capstone Projects: Apply your skills to solve real-world problems.

Projects could involve data from various domains like finance,
healthcare, or social media.
● Kaggle Competitions: Participate in competitions to test your skills and
learn from the global community.

Roadmap for AI/ML Engineer:

1. Fundamental Skills

● Programming Languages: Proficiency in Python is essential due to its

extensive libraries for AI and ML (e.g., TensorFlow, PyTorch). Knowledge
of other programming languages like R, Java, or C++ can also be
beneficial.
● Mathematics and Statistics: Deep understanding of linear algebra,
calculus, statistics, and probability theory is crucial for understanding
ML algorithms.

2. Core Machine Learning Concepts

 ● Supervised Learning: Master techniques such as linear regression,
logistic regression, decision trees, and SVMs.
● Unsupervised Learning: Learn clustering techniques, dimensionality
reduction methods like PCA, and association rule mining.
● Ensemble Techniques: Understand how to combine multiple models
through methods like Random Forests, boosting, and bagging.

3. Deep Learning

● Neural Networks: Gain a solid foundation in neural network

architectures including feedforward, convolutional (CNNs), and
recurrent neural networks (RNNs).
● Advanced Models: Explore more complex architectures like GANs
(Generative Adversarial Networks) and Transformers used in NLP.
● Frameworks: Become proficient in using deep learning frameworks
such as TensorFlow, PyTorch, and Keras.

4. Natural Language Processing (NLP)

● Text Processing: Learn techniques for text normalization, tokenization,

and vectorization.
● Language Models: Understand the workings of models like BERT and
GPT, and how to apply them to tasks like text classification, translation,
and generation.

5. Computer Vision

● Image Processing Techniques: Learn about image filtering, edge

detection, and feature extraction.
● Deep Learning for Vision: Master CNNs and their application in tasks
like image classification, object detection, and segmentation.

6. Reinforcement Learning

● Foundations: Understand the principles of agents, environments,

rewards, and states.
 ● Algorithms: Learn about Q-learning, policy gradients, and advanced
models like Deep Q-Networks (DQN).

7. Data Engineering

● Big Data Technologies: Familiarize yourself with tools and platforms

like Apache Spark, Hadoop, and Kafka for processing large data sets.
● Database Management: Knowledge of both SQL and NoSQL
databases, including their architecture and query optimization.

Roadmap for Cyber Security Analyst:

1. Fundamental Skills

● Basic IT Skills: Understanding of computer systems, networks, and

software. Familiarity with operating systems like Windows, Linux, and
MacOS is crucial.
● Programming: Knowledge of programming languages such as Python,
Bash, or PowerShell is beneficial for automation and scripting security
solutions.

2. Networking Basics

● Networking Principles: Learn the fundamentals of how data is

transmitted over networks, including knowledge of TCP/IP, DNS,
HTTP/HTTPS, and email protocols.
● Network Configuration: Ability to configure and manage routers,
switches, and firewalls.

3. Security Principles

● Cryptography: Understand the basics of cryptographic systems which

protect data, including encryption, hashing, and digital signatures.
● Security Technologies: Familiarize yourself with technologies like VPNs,
IDS/IPS, and antimalware.
4. Operating Systems and System Security

● OS Hardening: Learn how to secure operating systems against attacks.

● Patch Management: Understand the importance of regularly updating
and patching systems to protect against vulnerabilities.

5. Threats and Vulnerability Assessment

● Threat Landscape: Understand various types of cybersecurity threats

such as viruses, trojans, ransomware, phishing, and DDoS attacks.
● Vulnerability Scanning: Learn to use tools like Nessus, OpenVAS, or
Qualys to identify vulnerabilities in systems and networks.

6. Incident Response and Management

● Incident Detection: Learn how to identify security breaches and

effectively respond to them.
● Incident Response Protocols: Understand the procedures for
containing and mitigating attacks, as well as the steps for recovery.

7. Compliance and Auditing

● Legal Requirements: Familiarize yourself with cybersecurity laws and

regulations such as GDPR, HIPAA, or SOX.
● Security Auditing: Learn the principles of conducting security audits to
ensure compliance with security policies and standards.

8. Practical Tools and Technologies

● Security Information and Event Management (SIEM): Gain skills in

using SIEM tools like Splunk, LogRhythm, or IBM QRadar.
● Forensics Tools: Learn to use tools like EnCase or FTK for cybersecurity
investigations.

Roadmap for Full Stack Developer:

1. Fundamental Skills

● HTML/CSS: Understanding of HTML5 and CSS3 for structuring and

designing web pages.
● JavaScript: Mastery of JavaScript is essential as it's the backbone of
both front-end and back-end development in many stacks.

2. Front-End Development

● Responsive Design: Learn CSS frameworks like Bootstrap or

Foundation.
● JavaScript Frameworks/Libraries: Gain proficiency in at least one of
the popular JS frameworks or libraries:
● React.js: Currently the most popular library for building
interactive UIs.
● Angular: A comprehensive framework that manages everything
from routing to state management.
● Vue.js: Known for its simplicity and integration capabilities with
other libraries.

3. Back-End Development

● Node.js: Allows you to use JavaScript on the server-side. Useful with

Express.js to manage server-side logic.
● Python: Known for its readability and robust frameworks like Django
and Flask.
● Ruby: Ruby on Rails is a full-featured framework that promotes rapid
development.
● PHP: Widely used with WordPress and frameworks like Laravel.
● Java: Robust and used extensively in large applications. Spring Boot is a
popular framework.

4. Database Management

● Relational Databases: MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQLite.

● NoSQL Databases: MongoDB, CouchDB.
 ● ORMs: Object-relational mapping frameworks like Sequelize
(JavaScript), Django ORM (Python), Hibernate (Java) can simplify
database interactions.

5. Version Control Systems

● Git: Learn Git for version control to manage and collaborate on project
codes.

6. API Development

● REST: Understand RESTful services and how to design your own APIs.
● GraphQL: An alternative to REST that allows clients to request exactly
the data they need.

7. DevOps Basics

● Containerization: Docker and Kubernetes for managing containerized

applications.
● Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD): Jenkins,
Travis CI, and GitHub Actions for automating testing and deployment.

8. Testing

● Unit Testing: Frameworks like Jest (for JavaScript) and PyTest (for
Python) to write unit tests.
● End-to-End Testing: Tools like Selenium or Cypress for UI testing.

Roadmap for Cloud Developer:

1. Fundamental Programming Skills

● Languages: Proficiency in one or more programming languages

common in cloud development such as Python, Java, JavaScript
(Node.js), or Go.
2. Understanding Cloud Computing

● Basics of Cloud Computing: Understand the fundamental concepts

such as public, private, and hybrid clouds, as well as IaaS, PaaS, and
SaaS.
● Core Services: Familiarize yourself with basic cloud services like
computing power, storage, and networking.

3. Master a Major Cloud Platform

● Amazon Web Services (AWS): Learn key services like EC2, S3, RDS,
Lambda, and CloudFormation.
● Microsoft Azure: Understand Azure Virtual Machines, Blob Storage, SQL
Database, Azure Functions, and ARM Templates.
● Google Cloud Platform (GCP): Explore Google Compute Engine,
Google Storage, Google Cloud SQL, Google Cloud Functions, and
Google Deployment Manager.

4. Cloud Development Best Practices

● Microservices Architecture: Design and implement applications as a

collection of loosely coupled services.
● Serverless Architecture: Learn about building applications using
serverless components like AWS Lambda, Azure Functions, or Google
Cloud Functions.
● Containerization: Gain proficiency in Docker and container
orchestration with Kubernetes.
● Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD): Set up
pipelines using tools like Jenkins, GitLab CI, or GitHub Actions.

5. Database and Storage

● SQL Databases: Understand traditional relational databases and their

cloud-based implementations like AWS RDS, Azure SQL Database, or
Google Cloud SQL.
● NoSQL Databases: Learn about DynamoDB, Cosmos DB, or Google
Firestore for applications that require flexible schema and scalability.
6. Networking

● Virtual Networks: Understand how to set up and manage virtual

networks in the cloud.
● Connectivity Services: Learn about services like AWS Direct Connect,
Azure ExpressRoute, or Google Cloud Interconnect.
● Load Balancing and CDN: Utilize cloud services for load balancing and
content delivery networks to optimize application performance.

7. Security

● Identity and Access Management (IAM): Learn to manage access to

cloud resources securely using IAM roles and policies.
● Data Encryption: Understand encryption mechanisms both at rest and
in transit.
● Compliance and Best Practices: Be aware of compliance requirements
relevant to the applications you build and deploy in the cloud.

8. Monitoring and Management

● Monitoring Tools: Use tools like AWS CloudWatch, Azure Monitor, or

Google Stackdriver to keep tabs on applications and cloud resources.
● Performance Tuning: Optimize the performance of cloud applications
by monitoring, troubleshooting, and refining configurations.

9. Automation

● Infrastructure as Code (IaC): Utilize tools like Terraform, AWS

CloudFormation, or Azure Resource Manager to automate the
provisioning of cloud infrastructure.

11. Certifications

● AWS Certified Solutions Architect or AWS Certified Developer

● Microsoft Certified: Azure Developer Associate
● Google Associate Cloud Engineer or Professional Cloud Architect