What is It

MATERIALS, TOOLS, EQUIPMENT AND TESTING DEVICES

The following tools and equipment are classified according to their functions and
uses.
Equipment and
Tools Materials
Accessories
LAN Card Screwdriver(standard) Software applications
UPS Screwdriver(Philips) Network OS Software
Server Long nose pliers RJ 45
24 port-hub Mechanical pliers UTP Cat 5 cable
Modem Allen wrench Motherboard‟s
Fax machine Multi-tester manual and installer
PC Video camera Crimping tools Sound device driver
USB External CD writer Soldering iron (30 watts) installer
USB scanner Wire stripper
USB printers LAN Tester
USB Flash Drive Anti-static wrist wrap
Device drivers/installers

LAN Card – is a network interface card. This is a

computer circuit board or card that is installed in
a computer so that it can be connected to a
network.

Server – is a part of a network. It is a special

computer that users on the network can access
to carry out a particular job.

Port hub /Port – is a connector on the back of a

computer or other device. A port is either a
serial port or a parallel port.

Modem - (Modulator-Demodulator) The

modem is a device that allows a given computer
to share data or otherwise a device which let
computers exchange information
Scanner- it is an input device that read text or
illustration printed on paper, translates the
information into a form that a computer can use.

Printer - is a piece of hardware that produces a

paper copy (also known as „hardcopy‟) of the
information generated by the computer.

Pliers is a hand tool used to hold objects firmly,

for bending, or physical compression.

Soldering gun is a tool for soldering metals

using tin-based solder to achieve a highly
conductive contact.

Desoldering tools are used for removing the

molten solder so that the joint may be separated.

Flat Screw Driver – is used to drive or fasten

negative slotted screws.

Philips Screw Driver- is used to drive or fasten

positive slotted screws.

Allen wrench (also known by various other

synonyms) is a tool of hexagonal cross-section
used to drive bolts and screws that have a
hexagonal socket in the head.

Pliers and tweezers - are used for picking

small parts in the computer unit.

Crimping tool- is a device used to crimp the

RJ45 connector to the UTP cable.

Multi-meter or a multi-tester, also known as a

VOM (Volt-Ohm meter), is an electronic
measuring instrument that combines several
measurement functions in one unit.

LAN Tester – is a device used for testing the

network connection.
Protective Eyewear - enclose or protect the
eye area in order to prevent particulates,
infectious fluids, or chemicals from striking the
eyes.

Face Mask - covering for the face to prevent the

inhaling or absorbing dust and other chemicals.

Anti-static wrist strap, mat and spray- areed for eliminating electrostatic
us discharge in the work area.

A gloves are garments for covering and

protecting the whole hand.

Apron A garment worn over the front of the

body as a protection for one‟s cloth.

Rubber Sole A special type of shoes used to

prevent electrical shock and for waterproofing
and insulating purposes.

Thermal paste-is a paste used for heat

dissipation of the processor.

Computer case screws are the hardware used

to secure parts of a desktop computer to the
system case.

RJ45 is a type of connector commonly used for

Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) cable to setup
Ethernet network.

UTP Cat 5 Cable is a network cable that consists

of four twisted pairs of copper wire terminated by
an RJ-45 connector.
INSTALLATION OF HARDWARE COMPONENTS AND OTHER PERIPHERALS

One of the basic skills that you must acquire in Computer Systems
Servicing is to independently assemble and disassemble a personal computer or
simply setting up a PC. After familiarizing with all the tools, devices, peripherals
and safety precautions, I believe that you are now ready to gain another
experience in CHS by going through this lesson.

Personal Computer Disassembly

Before starting computer disassembly, make sure you have the tools you
need, and they're all close by and handy and be sure to have a container to
keep the screws in so you have them when you want to put things back
together.
Step 1. Unplugging - The first thing you do is to unplug every cable that is
plugged into your computer. That includes cables such as Power, USB, Mouse,
Keyboard, Internet, Ethernet, Modem, AM\FM Antenna, Cable TV, etc. Just
unplug all the cables for safety purposes.
Now that your computer is fully unplugged move your PC to a clean
workspace.
Step 2. Opening the Outer
Shell/Case- First, unscrew the four
screws at the back of the computer. On
most computer cases, there will be large
knobs that you can unscrew by hand or
by screwdriver on the back-right side of
the computer. The left side has small
screws because on that side you can't
access much on the inside.

Once the screws are removed, you can remove

the side panels. On most computers, they just
slide off. Start with the left side panel (the side
that once had the knobs), slide it towards the
back of the computer. Now you can remove the
left panel. Just like the other side, slide it towards
the back of the computer

Step3. Removing the System Fan - First, unplug the fan from the
motherboard.
You can find the plug by following the wi re from the fan. It should be
labelled
"SYS_FAN1". Next, you will have to unscre now bew the fan from the outside. You
able to lift the fan out of the PC. should
Step 4. Removing the CPU Fan- The
CPU fan is located right on top of the CPU heat
sink, which is a large piece of metal with fins on
the top. The CPU fan plugs into the motherboard
in an awkward place, that is hard to access. But
just follow the wires and you should easily find it.
It is labelled "CPU FAN1". To remove the fan from
the heat sink, remove the four screws securing it
in place.
Step 5. Power Supply - The first thing to do is
unplug every wire coming from the power
supply. You must disconnect the motherboard
(very large connector/plug), CD/DVD drive(s)
power, internal hard drive power and portable
hard drive slot power.
Once everything is unplugged, unscrew the
four screws holding the power supply in place, on
the back of the computer. Next, push the power
supply from the outside, and then lift it out.

Step 6. CD/ DVD Drive(s)-First, unplug the

ribbon from the back of the drive. Once that is
completed, pull on the tab securing the drive in
place, then push it out from the inside.

Step 7. Hard Drive - First, unplug the connector

at the back of the slot, and unplug the other end
from the motherboard. Also unplug the SATA
cable from the motherboard and the hard drive.
The portable hard drive slot is secured the same
way the CD/DVD drive is, with a tab. Pull on the
tab, then slide the slot out.

Step 8. Memory (RAM) - To remove the RAM,

push down on both tabs holding the RAM in place,
which are located at both ends of the RAM.

Step 9. Motherboard - The motherboard has

seven screws holding it to the frame, which are
indicated by large white circles around them.
Remove them and then lift the motherboard out of
the frame.

Personal Computer Assembly

Now that you have the skills in disassembling a personal computer, I
believe that you are ready to take another step of this module which is
assembling a personal computer. All you need to do is to follow the step by
step procedures provided in this module.
Step 1. Prepare your
workplace 1. Take Inventory:
Before you start, take an inventory of your parts. Do not begin
assembling your computer if you don't have everything you need. Begin the
step-by- step
process once
you are ready
with

everything you neeD

2. Make Space, Make Time:

Building a PC takes up space - about a dining room table worth. So
make sure you have plenty of working room and a few hours to proceed with
minimal interruption. Work on a flat, stable table top surface, or bare floor,
where you

have room to layout all of the items.

3. Prepare Grounding Protection:
Use an inexpensive antistatic wrist
strap. Make sure you are wearing your
antistatic wrist strap correctly (it does you
no good at all if you do not wear it!), and
you are ready to proceed.

4. Have the Drivers Ready:

Assuming you have another internet connected PC, download the latest
drivers from the vendors' websites for each c omponent you will be installing.
Sometimes drivers are updated between the time the component was
manufactured and the time you are installing it. It is always best to have the
latest.
Step 2. Prepare the Motherboard
1. Great care should be taken when
installing the motherboard. First, take
the board out of its packaging and put it
on top of the antistatic bag it came in.
Remember, you always want to safeguard
your components from potentially
hazardous static electricity (wear your
strap)
2. Before you secure the motherboard onto
the PC case/chassis, inspect it carefully for
any visible defects.
Step 3. Install the CPU
1. Use the unlocking mechanism to open the
CPU socket which is usually a lever.
2. Carefully line up the pins and place the
chip in its socket; it will fit only when
oriented the proper way. An arrow or a
missing pin on one corner of the chip will
show you how to line things up.
3. Align Triangular CPU and socket key marks
as shown in Figure 46.
4. Lower the lever to lock the CPU into place.

Step 4. Install the CPU Heat Sink

1. Follow the manufacturer's directions to install the heat sink and the
fan that will cool the processor. If you bought an OEM CPU and a
separate heat sink, you may need to spread a thin layer of the
thermal grease that came with the heat sink over the chip to ensure
proper transfer of heat (some heat sinks come with this grease
already applied).
2. Attach the clip that holds the heat sink in place keeping in mind that
it may require a fair amount of force. Again, follow the instructions
that came with the heat sink. They will show you how to fit it
correctly. If you are in doubt, you can visit the manufacturer's
website for more information.
3. Plug the CPU fan's power connector into the proper connector on the
motherboard.
Step 5. Install Memory (RAM Modules)
In order to install the memory modules, insert them into the proper
sockets (Figure 48) and push down firmly but evenly until the clips on both
sides of the socket pop into place. If your motherboard supports dual-channel
memory, consult the user manual to determine which pairs of RAM sockets
you should use. The motherboard and the CPU are the brain and nerve center
of your PC, so selecting these components is the most important decision
you'll make.

Step 6. Place the motherboard into the

case
1. Note the pattern of the holes in your
motherboard, and screw brass
standoffs into the motherboard tray or
into the PC case in the correct
locations (ALWAYS check the manual
and follow their instructions to the
letter).
2. Check the layout of the sockets on the motherboard, and confirm that
the ports on your motherboard's back panel match the holes on the
case's Input/Output (I/O) shield that is installed in your case. If
necessary, remove the old I/O shield by tapping it firmly a few times
with the buttend of a screwdriver, and then replace it with the shield
that came with the new motherboard.
3. Carefully position the motherboard on
top of the brass standoffs, line up all
the holes, and use the screws that
accompanied the case to fasten down
the motherboard. If you are using a
removable tray in your system, slide
the tray and motherboard back into
the case and then secure the tray.
Step 7. Connect the Power Supply
Making the proper connections is crucial to successfully assembling your PC
system. Fortunately, manufacturers provide color-coded power cables and

unique connector shapes to make the job easy.

1. First, plug the large ATX power connector from

your power supply into the matching port on
your motherboard.
 2. Locate the smaller, square processor power
connector (you cannot miss it - it is the one
sprouting the yellow and black wires) and
attach it to the motherboard. Note: your
connector is usually located near the
processor. As always, refer to your
motherboard's manual for the exact locations.
3. Use your motherboard user manual and panel find the description
connectors. about front-
4. Attach each of the tiny leads from the power and reset switches,
the hard-
disk activity lights, the PC speaker, and any front-panel USB and
FireWire
ports to the corresponding pin on your motherboard. The
needle-nose
pliers are useful for manipulating small pieces.

Step 8. Install Graphics / Video Cards

1. Begin by removing the backplane cover from
the AGP or PCI Express X16 slot (the metal
piece where the monitor connector will
emerge).

2. Install the graphics board in that slot, and then

secure the card with a screw.
Step 9. Install Internal Drives
Now it is time to install your drives.
This is an easy process, but it requires
attention to detail.

The hard drive is the device that

stores all of your data. It is 3.5" wide
and needs to be mounted so that you
can gain access to the
cable connections on the back.
If that is not possible you may need to
connect cables before you install the
drive. To mount the drive:
1. Find a 3.5" drive bay to install
the drive in. If you have trouble finding a place to mount the drive consult
your case documentation for suggestions.
2. Slide the drive into place until the screw holes on the sides are lined up
with the holes in the case.
3. Install the screws.

Step 10. Install the Add- in Cards

1. For each add-in card, you must choose a free
PCI slot.
2. Remove its backplane cover to allow access
from the rear of the case.
3. Carefully position the card above the slot, and
press down firmly to seat the card.
4. Secure the card with a screw.

Many motherboards have additional sound connectors or ports housed on

small add-in boards. Some of these plug into slots on the motherboard; others
screw into the back of the case in place of slot covers. Usually the additional
ports are not essential to your PC's operation. For example, if you install a sound
card, you do not need connectors to the motherboard's built-in sound chip.
Check your motherboard manual to determine what each of these boards does.