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Lesson 17 - Even and Odd Functions

Math lesson review on odd and even functions.

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amberhussain006
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7 views

Lesson 17 - Even and Odd Functions

Math lesson review on odd and even functions.

Uploaded by

amberhussain006
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Definition: Even and Odd Functions

We say a function is even when: 𝑓 −𝑥 = 𝑓(𝑥)

From a transformations point of view, this means “when we reflect the function over the 𝑦 axis, the function remains the same”.

We say a function is odd when: −𝑓 −𝑥 = 𝑓(𝑥)

From a transformations point of view, this means “when we reflect the function over the 𝑦 axis and 𝑥 axis, the function remains
the same”.
Examples: Even and Odd Functions
Example 1:
Which of the following graphs represents even functions, odd functions, or neither even nor odd:

Even Odd Even

Odd Odd Neither

Even Even Odd


Examples: Even and Odd Functions
Example 2 : a) 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 4 + cos 𝑥 + 1
Determine which of the following are even, odd, or neither: b) 𝑔 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 𝑥 3
c) ℎ 𝑥 = 𝑥 sin(𝑥)
Solution: d) 𝑖 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 + sin(𝑥)
Part a)
𝑓 −𝑥 = −𝑥 4 + cos −𝑥 + 1
= 𝑥 4 + cos −𝑥 + 1 (Simplifying)
= 𝑥 4 + cos 𝑥 + 1 (Since cos is even we have cos −𝑥 = cos(𝑥))
∴ We have 𝑓 −𝑥 = 𝑓(𝑥) and so the function is even.

Part b)
3
𝑔 −𝑥 = 3 −𝑥 − −𝑥
= −3𝑥 + 𝑥 3 (Simplifying)

∴ We can see that 𝑔(−𝑥) ≠ 𝑔(𝑥) but if we multiply both sides by −1 we get: −𝑔 −𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 𝑥 3 = 𝑔 𝑥
∴ We see that the function is odd.
Examples: Even and Odd Functions
Example 2 Continued: a) 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑥 4 + cos 𝑥 + 1
Determine which of the following are even, odd, or neither: b) 𝑔 𝑥 = 3𝑥 − 𝑥 3
c) ℎ 𝑥 = 𝑥 sin(𝑥)
Solution: d) 𝑖 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 + sin(𝑥)
Part c)
ℎ −𝑥 = (−𝑥) sin(−𝑥)
= −𝑥 − sin 𝑥 (Since sin is odd, we know that − sin −𝑥 = sin(𝑥) or − sin 𝑥 = sin(−𝑥))
= 𝑥 sin(𝑥)
∴ We have ℎ −𝑥 = ℎ(𝑥) and so the function is even.

Part d)
𝑖 −𝑥 = cos −𝑥 + sin(−𝑥)
= cos 𝑥 − sin(𝑥) (Since cos is even and sin is odd)

∴ We can see that 𝑖(−𝑥) ≠ 𝑖(𝑥) but if we multiply both sides by −1 we get: −𝑖 −𝑥 = sin 𝑥 − cos(𝑥) ≠ 𝑖 𝑥
∴ We see that the function is neither even nor odd.
Examples: Even and Odd Functions
Example 3 :
If 𝑓(𝑥) is an even function and 𝑔(𝑥) is an odd function. Then is 𝑓 𝑜 𝑔 even, odd, or neither?

Solution:
𝑓 𝑜 𝑔(−𝑥) = 𝑓 𝑔 −𝑥
= 𝑓 −𝑔 𝑥 (g is odd, so −𝑔 −𝑥 = 𝑔(𝑥) or 𝑔 −𝑥 = −𝑔(𝑥))
=𝑓 𝑔 𝑥 (f is even, so 𝑓(−□) = 𝑓 □ . In this case □ = 𝑔(𝑥))

∴ 𝑓 𝑜 𝑔 is an even function.

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