Computer Communication Networks

Lab Manual

CS – 304L
FALL - 2018

Organized By:
Engr. Sumrin Mehak Kabir
Reviewed By:
Dr. Mudassar Ali

Telecom Engineering Department

University of Engineering and Technology,
Taxila, Pakistan
LAB#01

Introduction to basic commands in command prompt

Objective
 To learn the basic commands in command prompt.

Basic Commands
 Driver query:
Drivers remain among the most important software installed on PC.
Improperly configured or missing drivers can cause all sorts of troubles, so it is good
to have access to a list of what is on your PC. That is exactly what the “driverquery”
command does. You can extend it to “driveruery-v” to obtain more information
including the directory in which the driver is installed.

 Ipconfig:
Displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values and refreshes
Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) and Domain Name System (DNS)
settings. Used without parameters, ipconfig displays the IP address, subnet mask, and
default gateway for all adapters.

 Ping:
The ping command is a Command Prompt command used to test the ability of
the source computer to reach a specified destination computer. The ping command is
 usually used as a simple way to verify that a computer can communicate over the
network with another computer or network device. The ping command operates by
sending Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) Echo Request messages to the
destination computer and waiting for a response.

 Pathping:
It provides information about network latency and network loss at
intermediate hops between a source and destination. Pathping sends multiple Echo
Request messages to each router between a source and destination over a period of
time and then computes results based on the packets returned from each router.

 Tracert
Traceroute is a command that can show the path a packet of information takes
from a computer to one we specify. It will list all the routers it passes through until it
reaches its destination, or fails to and is discarded. In addition to this, it also gives
information about the distance between routers.
LAB#02

Construction and testing of Ethernet straight through cable and

cross over cable
Objective
 Build a category 5 or category 5e Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP) Ethernet network
patch cable and Ethernet crossover cable.
 Test the cable for continuity and correct pin-outs, correct wire on the right pin.

Resources required
o One 0.6 to 0.9m length of Cat 5 cabling per person or team.
o Four RJ-45 connectors, two are extra for spares.
o RJ-45 crimping tools to attach the RJ-45 connectors to the cable ends.
o Ethernet cabling continuity tester which can test straight-through or crossover type
cables.
o Wire cutters.

I. Straight-Through Cable Construction

Scenario
Use the following table to create a straight cable. Both cable ends should be
wired the same when looking at the conductors.
RJ-45 pin number Color (both sides same)
Pin 1 White orange
Pin 2 Orange
Pin 3 White green
Pin 4 Blue
Pin 5 White blue
Pin 6 Green
Pin 7 White brown
Pin 8 Brown
Activity
 Step#01
Determine the distance between devices or device and plug. Add at least 30.48 cm to
the distance. Standard lengths are 1.83 m and 3.05 m.
  Step#02
Cut a piece of standard Cat UTP cable to the desired length. Use standard cable for patch
cables because it is more durable when bent repeatedly. Solid wire is used for cable runs that are
punched down into jacks.
 Step#03
Strip 5.08 cm of jacket off of one end of the cable.
 Step#04
Hold the four pairs of twisted cables tightly where jacket was cut away. Reorganize the cable
pairs into the order of the wiring standard. Take care to maintain as much of the twists as possible
since this provides noise cancellation.

 Step#05
Hold the jacket and cable in one hand and untwist a short length of the green and blue pairs.
Reorder the pairs to reflect the color scheme. Untwist and order the rest of the wire pairs according to
the color scheme.

 Step#06
Flatten, straighten, and line up the wires. Trim them in a straight line to within 1.25 to 1.9 cm
from the edge of the jacket. Be sure not to let go of the jacket and the wires, which are now in the
proper order. Minimize the length of untwisted wires because sections that are too long and near
connectors are a primary source of electrical noise.
 Step#07
 Place an RJ-45 plug on the end of the cable, with the prong on the underside and the orange
pair to the left side off the connector.
 Step#08
Gently push the plug onto wires until the copper ends of the wires can be seen through the
end of the plug. Make sure the end of the jacket is inside the plug. This provides for stress relief and
to ensure that all wires are in the correct order. If the jacket is not inside the plug, the plug will not be
properly gripped and will eventually cause problems. If everything is correct, crimp the plug hard
enough to force the contacts through the insulation on the wires, completing the conducting path.

 Step#09
Repeat step 3 through 8 to terminate the other end of the cable. Use the same scheme to finish
the straight through cable.
 Step#10
Test the finished cable.

II. Crossover cable construction

Scenario
Use the following table to create a crossover cable. Both cable ends should be wired
the same when looking at the conductors.
RJ-45 pin number Color (both sides same) 2nd end color
Pin 1 White orange White green
 Pin 2 Orange Green
Pin 3 White green White orange
Pin 4 Blue Blue
Pin 5 White blue White blue
Pin 6 Green Orange
Pin 7 White brown White brown
Pin 8 Brown Brown
Activity
 Step#01
One end of the cable should be wired to the 1st standard. The other end should wired
to the second standard. This crosses the transmit pairs and the receiver pairs, the second and
third pair, to allow communication to take place.
 Step#02
Determine the distance between devices, or device and plug, and then add at least 30.48 cm to
it. Standard lengths for this cable are 1.83 m and 3.05 m.
 Step#03
Cut a piece of stranded UTP cable to the desired length. Use stranded cable for patch cables
because it is more durable when bent repeatedly. Solid wire is fine for cable runs that are punched
down into jacks.
 Step#04
Strip 5.08 cm 9 of jacket off one end of the cable.
 Step#05
Hold the four pairs of twisted cables tightly where the jacket was cut away. Reorganize the
cable pairs into the order of the 2nd wiring standard. Take care to maintain the twists since this
provides noise cancellation.
 Step#06
Hold the jacket and cable in one hand. Untwist a short length of the green and blue pairs, and
reorder them to reflect the 2nd wiring color scheme. Untwist and order the rest of the wire pairs
according to the color scheme.
 Step#07
Flatten, straighten, and line up the wires. Trim them in a straight line to within 1.25 cm to 1.9
cm from the edge of the jacket. Be sure not to let go of the jacket and the wires, which are now in
order. Minimize the length of untwisted wires because sections that are too long and near connectors
are a primary source of electrical noise.
 Step#08
Place an RJ-45 plug on the end of the cable with the prong on the underside and the orange
pair, green pair on the 1st end, to the left side of the connector.
 Step#09
Gently push the plug onto wires until the copper ends of the wires can be seen through the
end of the plug. Make sure the end of the jacket is inside the plug and all wires are in the correct
order. If the jacket is not inside the plug, the plug will not be properly gripped and will eventually
cause problems. If everything is correct, crimp the plug hard enough to force the contacts through the
insulation on the wires, thus completing the conducting path.
 Step#10
Repeat steps 4-8 to terminate the other end of the cable using the 1st scheme to finish the
crossover cable.
 Step#11
Test the finished cable.
LAB#03
Introduction to network components

Objective
 To learn about the network equipment and devices
 To get a hands on experience of different equipment being used in computer networks

Introduction to the equipment

Major equipment used in networking are:
 Network Adapter
 Modem
 Repeaters
 Network hub
 Network switch
 Router
 Access point

 Network Adapter:
A network adapter interfaces a device to a network. The term was popularized
originally by Ethernet add-in cards for PCs but also applies to other types
like USB network adapters and wireless network adapters.Most modern devices come
pre-equipped with a NIC, or network interface card, that's installed to the
device's motherboard. This includes not only wired-capable devices like desktops and
laptops but also tablets, cell phones, and other wireless devices.

Network Adapter
 Modem:
A modem is a device or program that enables a computer to transmit data over, for
example, telephone or cable lines. Computer information is stored digitally, whereas
information transmitted over telephone lines is transmitted in the form of analog waves. A
modem converts between these two forms.
 Modem

 Repeaters:
In digital communication systems, a repeater is a device that receives
a digital signal on an electromagnetic or optical transmission medium and regenerates the
signal along the next leg of the medium. Repeaters remove the unwanted noise in an
incoming signal. Unlike an analog signal, the original digital signal, even if weak or distorted,
can be clearly perceived and restored. With analog transmission, signals are restrengthened
with amplifiers which unfortunately also amplify noise as well as information.

Repeater
 Network hub:
Network hub or repeater hub is a device for connecting multiple twisted pair
or fiber optic Ethernet devices together and thus making them act as a single network
segment. Hubs work at the physical layer (layer 1) of the OSI model. The device is
thus a form of multi-port repeater. Repeater hubs also participate in collision
detection, forwarding a jam signal to all ports if it detects a collision. Hubs also often
come with a BNC and/or AUI connector to allow connection to legacy 10BASE2 or
10BASE5 network segments. The availability of low-priced network switches has
largely rendered hubs obsolete but they are still seen in older installations and more
specialized applications.

Network hub
 NETWORK SWITCH:
A network switch is a computer networking device that connects network
segments. The term commonly refers to a Network bridge that processes and routes
data at the Data link layer (layer 2) of the OSI model. Switches that additionally
process data at the Network layer (layer 3 and above) are often referred to as Layer 3
switches or Multilayer switches.

Network switch

 ROUTER:
Router is a networking device whose software and hardware are usually
tailored to the tasks of routing and forwarding information. For example, on the
Internet, information is directed to various paths by routers.

Routers connect two or more logical subnets, which do not necessarily map
one-to-one to the physical interfaces of the router. The term "layer 3 switch" often is
used interchangeably with router, but switch is a general term without a rigorous
technical definition. In marketing usage, it is generally optimized for Ethernet LAN
interfaces and may not have other physical interface types. In comparison, a network
hub does not do any routing; instead every packet it receives on one network line gets
forwarded to all the other network lines. Routers operate in two different planes:

o Control plane, in which the router learns the outgoing interface that is most
appropriate for forwarding specific packets to specific destinations.

o Forwarding plane, which is responsible for the actual process of sending a

packet received on a logical interface to an outbound logical interface.

Router

 Access point:
 In a wireless local area network (WLAN), an access point is a station that
transmits and receives data (sometimes referred to as a transceiver). An access point
connects users to other users within the network and also can serve as the point of
interconnection between the WLAN and a fixed wire network. Each access point can
serve multiple users within a defined network area; as people move beyond the range
of one access point, they are automatically handed over to the next one. A small
WLAN may only require a single access point; the number required increases as a
function of the number of network users and the physical size of the network.

A simple network containing access point

LAB#04
Hub Network

Objective
Use Packet Tracer to practice the following skills:
 Building a topology from scratch.
 Assigning Ethernet speed (bandwidth) and duplex settings.
Scenario
This topology represents a simple hub based network.
Activity
 Step#01
Add a hub and three generic PCs and arrange them as shown in the image.

 Step#02
Connect the devices as shown in the image. Use the appropriate connection type for
each link.
 Step#03
Set the IP address and subnet mask for the PCs as follows:

PC3 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

PC4 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

PC5 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0

 Step#04
 If all connections and addressing are correct, the link lights should be green. If not,
troubleshoot the cabling type, connections, and addressing.

Reflect
i. Go to Simulation mode. In the Event List filters, enable only ICMP and ARP. Using
the “Simple PDU”, issue a ping from PC0 to PC1. Play the simulation. Pay close
attention to how the hub processes the ICMP and ARP packets. After that, once again,
use “Add Simple PDU” to issue a ping from PC1 to PC0. Play the simulation again.
ii. Still in Simulation mode, in the Event List filters, enable only ICMP and ARP. Using
“Add Simple PDU”, issue a ping from PC3 to PC4. Play the simulation. Pay close
attention to how the switch processes the ICMP and ARP packets. After that, once
again, use “Add Simple PDU” to issue a ping from PC4 to PC3. Play the simulation
again.
iii. What happen to message packet in a hub based network?
Note:
You may follow the link given below as a guide to Lab no.4
https://ccnav6.com/cisco-packet-tracer-beginners-chapter-1-startup-guide.html
LAB#05
Switched Network
Objective
Use Packet Tracer to practice the following skills:
 Building a topology from scratch.
 Assigning Ethernet speed (bandwidth) and duplex settings.
Scenario
This topology represents a simple switch-based star topology.
Activity
 Step#01
Add a 2950-24 switch and three generic PCs and arrange them as shown in the image.

 Step#02
Connect the devices as shown in the image. Use the appropriate connection type for
each link.
 Step#03
Set the IP address and subnet mask for the PCs as follows:

PC IP Address Subnet Mask

PC3 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

PC4 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

PC5 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0

  Step#04
If all connections and addressing are correct, the link lights should be green. If not,
troubleshoot the cabling type, connections, and addressing.
Reflect

iv. Go to Simulation mode. In the Event List filters, enable only ICMP and ARP. Using
the “Simple PDU”, issue a ping from PC0 to PC1. Play the simulation. Pay close
attention to how the switch processes the ICMP and ARP packets. After that, once
again, use “Add Simple PDU” to issue a ping from PC1 to PC0. Play the simulation
again.
v. Still in Simulation mode, in the Event List filters, enable only ICMP and ARP. Using
“Add Simple PDU”, issue a ping from PC3 to PC4. Play the simulation. Pay close
attention to how the switch processes the ICMP and ARP packets. After that, once
again, use “Add Simple PDU” to issue a ping from PC4 to PC3. Play the simulation
again.
vi. What happen to packets in a network consisting of PCs connected to switch?
LAB#06
Introduction to Router Network

Objective
Use Packet Tracer to practice the following skills:
 Working of router
 Configuration of router
Scenario
This topology represents a simple network consists of router routers connecting two different
networks
Activity
 Step#01
Add generic routers, switches and end devices and arrange them as shown in
the image below.

 Step#02
Connect the devices as shown in the image. Use the appropriate connection type
for each link.

 Step#03
Set the IP addresses and subnet masks as follows:

PC IP address Subnet mask

PC0 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

PC1 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

PC2 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

PC3 192.168.3.2 255.255.255.0

 Step#04
Assign IP addresses to all ports of the router for connection. If all connections
and addressing are correct, the link lights should be green. If not, troubleshoot the
cabling type, connections, and addressing.

Reflect
vii. What happen to message packets in a network consisting of generic routers, switches
and end devices using RIP protocol?
Note:
The below link is a guide for the said lab.
http://blog.alexwilde.net/cisco-router-basic-network-configuration-ccna-lab-1-1/
LAB #07
ROUTERS: RIP NETWORKING

Objective
 To establish a RIP routing network by using generic routing switches to connects end devices.

Scenario
This network uses generic routing switches and end devices for RIP routing.
Activity
 Step#01
Add generic routers, switches and end devices and arrange them as shown in
the image below.

 Step#02
Connect the devices as shown in the image. Use the appropriate connection type
for each link.
 Step#03
Set the IP addresses and subnet masks as follows:

PC IP address Subnet mask

PC0 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

PC1 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

PC2 192.168.2.3 255.255.255.0

PC3 192.168.3.4 255.255.255.0

PC4 192.168.3.5 255.255.255.0

PC5 192.168.3.6 255.255.255.0

PC6 192.168.4.7. 255.255.255.0

PC7 192.168.4.8 255.255.255.0

PC8 192.168.5.9 255.255.255.0

PC9 192.168.5.10 255.255.255.0

 Step#04
If all connections and addressing are correct, the link lights should be green. If not,
troubleshoot the cabling type, connections, and addressing.

Reflect
viii. What happen to message packets in a network consisting of generic routers, switches
and end devices using RIP protocol?
LAB#08
Configuration of Router Network Through CLI

Objective
To establish a network and assign IP addresses to end devices and routers through command
line interface.
Scenario
The network consist of routers, switches and end devices. IP addresses are assigned to each
device through command line interface.
Activity
 Step#01
Add routers, switches and end devices and arrange them as shown in the
image below.

 Step#02
Connect the devices as shown in the image. Use the appropriate connection
type for each link.
 Step#03
Configure the devices through command line interface (CLI).
  Step#04
If all connections and addressing are correct, the link lights should be green. If not,
troubleshoot the cabling type, connections, and addressing.
Reflect
How command line interface is used to configure devices in a network consisting of
routers, switches and end devices.
LAB#09
Mini Network

Objective
To establish a complex network of PCs, switches, hubs and end devices. To observe serial
and fast Ethernet connections between the devices connected.
Scenario
This complex network deals with serial and Ethernet connections between devices.

Activity
 Step #01
Add generic routers, switches, hub and devices and arrange them as shown in
the image below.

 Step#02
Connect the devices as shown in the image. Use the appropriate connection type
for each link.
 Step#03
Set the IP address and subnet mask for the PCs as follows:

PC IP Address Subnet Mask

PC0 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

PC1 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

PC2 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0

 Step#04

If all connections and addressing are correct, the link lights should be green.
If not, troubleshoot the cabling type, connections, and addressing.
LAB#10
Connections between devices in a complex network

Objective

To establish a complex network of PCs, switches, hubs and end devices. To observe serial
and fast Ethernet connections between the devices connected.
Scenario
This complex network deals with serial and Ethernet connections between devices.
Activity
 Step #01
Add generic routers and end devices and arrange them as shown in the image
below.

 Step#02
Connect the devices as shown in the image. Use the appropriate connection type
for each link.
 Step#03
Set the IP address and subnet mask for the PCs as follows:

PC IP Address Subnet Mask

PC1 192.168.0.1 255.255.255.0

PC2 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

PC3 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

 Step#04

If all connections and addressing are correct, the link lights should be green.
If not, troubleshoot the cabling type, connections, and addressing.
LAB#11
Complex RIP Network

Objective
To establish a complex network of greater number of routers and their connections with other
routers, switches, hubs and end devices using Routing Internet Protocol.
Scenario
This complex RIP network deals with the serial and fast Ethernet connections of routers to
other routers and switches.
Activity
 Step#01
Add routers, switches, hubs and end devices and arrange them as shown in the
image below.

 Step#02
Connect the devices as shown in the image. Use the appropriate connection
type for each link.
 Step#03
Set the IP address and subnet mask for the PCs as follows:

PC IP address Subnet mask

PC0 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0

PC1 192.168.2.2 255.255.255.0

PC2 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

PC3 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0

PC4 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0

PC5 192.168.4.2 255.255.255.0

PC6 192.168.4.3 255.255.255.0

  Step#04
Put all IP addresses to RIP table.
 Step#05

If all connections and addressing are correct, the link lights should be green. If
not, troubleshoot the cabling type, connections, and addressing.

Reflect
Observe message packet transmission across a complex network.
Lab # 12
Plot maximum throughput for pure ALOHA and slotted ALOHA
1. Pure ALOHA
In pure aloha whenever there is data transmitted, work station send it without time delay.
No need to divide the channel.

Formula for throughput of Pure Aloha: S=G* EXP^-2G

GRAPH

2. Slotted ALOHA
In Slotted aloha we divide the channel in time slots.
Whenever work station needs to send the data it sends the data at the start of the slot.

Formula for Slotted Aloha: S=G* EXP^-G

 GRAPH

Combine graph:

CONCLUSION
The value of throughput for Slotted Aloha is more than Pure Aloha because in Slotted aloha
the channel is divided in different time slots and the frames do not collide with each other.
Lab # 13
Frequency Division Multiplexing
Implement Frequency Division Multiplexing in MATLAB using 1000 samples and 8 users.
You will generate 8 distinct signals over 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Hz frequencies for each user and
modulate them over 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 Hz frequencies respectively.
Task 1: Use different SNR values in modulation (say, 0, 0.5, 10, and 100)

Task 2: Vary the number of users to 2 & 4

Task 3: Analyze the whole code and all the functions within the code.

MATLAB CODE
% Design and simulation of Frequency Division Multiplexing in MATLAB
clc;
clear all
close all
samples=n;
% number of users
nos=u;
% modulating signal frequency in Hz
mfreq=[];
% carrier frequency allocated to the different users in Hz
cfreq=[];
% choose frequency deviation
freqdev=10;
% generate modulating signal
t=linspace(0,1000,samples);
parfor i=1:nos
m(i,:)=sin(2*pi*mfreq(1,i)*t)+2*sin(pi*8*t);
end
% Generate the modulated signal
parfor i=1:nos
y(i,:)=fmmod(m(i,:),cfreq(1,i),10*cfreq(1,i),freqdev);
end
% pass the modulated signal through the channel
ch_op=awgn(sum(y),0,'measured');
% demodulate the received signal at the base station
parfor i=1:nos
z(i,:)=fmdemod(y(i,:),cfreq(1,i),10*cfreq(1,i),freqdev);
end
% display the transmitted signal and received signal at the base station
% figure
C = {'k','b','r','g','y',[.5 .6 .7],[.8 .2 .6],[.3 .2 .2]}; % Cell array of colros.
for i=1:nos
figure (1)
hold on
plot(y(i,:),'color',C{i});
xlabel('time index'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('Signal from different users combined in the channel');
figure
subplot(3,1,1)
plot(m(i,:)) % modulating signal
xlabel('time index'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('modulating Signal from user');
subplot(3,1,2)
plot(y(i,:),'color',C{i}); % modulated signal
xlabel('time index'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('modulated Signal from user');
subplot(3,1,3)
plot(z(i,:),'color',C{i}); % demodulated signal
 xlabel('time index'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('demodulated Signal from user at the base station');
end
figure
plot(ch_op) % combination of all modulated signals passed through the channel
xlabel('time index'); ylabel('amplitude'); title('Signal after passing through the channel');
Lab # 14
Offered load vs Max throughput for CSMA technologies
Use MATLAB to plot and analyze offered load vs Max throughput for various CSMA
technologies.
Lab # 15

Sharing Resources
Objectives

Use Windows XP to complete the following tasks:

• Share files and folders.

• Map network drives.
Background/Preparation

One of the key benefits of having PCs networked together is that it provides access to be able
to share information with other connected users. Whether it is a song, a proposal or your
holiday pictures, there are many situations where you need to share data with friends or
business colleagues.

Mapping drives, goes hand-in-hand with sharing folders because drive mappings provide
quick access to commonly used folders. They also provide an easier way for users to navigate
and find the files and/or folders they are looking for. Drive mappings redirect a local resource
(drive letter) to a shared network resource (hard drive or folder on the network). The
following resources are required: Two configured Windows XP Professional workstations
connected via a local network. Note: Use the previously configured network from lab activity
3.6.4.

Step 1: Share a folder

a. Click Start. from the Start Menu, select All Programs, Accessories, and then Windows
Explorer.

b. In the Folders pane, click the plus sign (+) beside My Computer. Click the C: drive. From
the File menu. select New and from the sub-menu, select the Folder option. Type Share as
the name of the folder.

c. Right-click the new folder Share and choose Properties.

NOTE: The Sharing option is not available for the Documents and Settings, Program Files,
and Windows system folders.
d. Select the Sharing tab. In the Share Properties dialog box, click the Share this folder
radio button to share the folder with other users on your network. The default name for the
shared folder is the same name as the original folder name.
NOTE: To change the name of the folder on the network, type a new name for the folder in
the Share name text box. This will not change the name of the folder on your computer.

e. Click Apply and then OK.

f. Create a text file using Notepad and save it to the Share folder. On the Windows XP
desktop, click Start, select All Programs, Accessories, and then Notepad.

In the Notepad application, type the message “Hello World!”. From the File menu, select
Save. In the File name field, type “Test message”. Click the icon with the folder and up
arrow as shown in the following figure.
g. Double-click My Computer, then double-click drive C:. Locate and double-click the
Share folder, then click Save.

h. Close the Notepad application.

i. Repeat Steps 1 – 5 for the second Windows XP Professional machine with the following
exceptions:

Share name: Share2

Text file contents: Hello planet!

Text file name: Test Message 2

Step 2: Map network drives to provide quick and easy access to shared folders

a. On the first Windows XP workstation, click Start, select All Programs, Accessories,
and then Windows Explorer.

b. In the Folders pane, click My Computer. From Tools Menu, select Map Network
Drive….

c. In the Drive textbox, select an unused drive letter using the pulldown menu.

d. Question: What drive letter did you choose?

__________________________________
 e. In the Folder field, type the IP address of the remote PC and the name of the remote
share using the format: \\ip_address\sharename

f. Click Finish.

A window will appear with the message Attempting to connect to \\192.168.10.3\share2. A

window will open to display the contents of the shared folder called Share2 that has now been
assigned a drive letter.

NOTE: The IP address can be replaced by the computer name.

g. Double-click the Test Message 2 text document. Add the words Techs rule to the
document. From the File menu and select Save.

Question: What message is displayed? Why do you think this happened?

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h. The files within a shared folder are automatically protected in the Windows XP
Professional version. Click OK in the message box. Click Cancel, then click Close for the
Test Message 2 document.

i. In the message box, click No to close the document without saving the changes.

j. Repeat procedures a-e under Step 2 to map a drive on the second Windows XP workstation.
This drive should be mapped to the share you configured in Step 1.

Step 3: Verify work

a. From the first Windows XP Professional machine, click Start, select All Programs, then
Accessories, and Windows Explorer.

b. Expand My Computer by clicking on the plus sign (+) beside the option.

c. The Windows Explorer list should display a drive with the drive letter label that you chose
for the remote share.

d. Repeat procedures a-c for the second Windows XP Professional machine.

If the drive letter appears on both computers, then the folders are shared and drives are
mapped

properly on both Windows XP workstations. You can perform the same steps on any folder.
When a

drive is properly mapped to shared folders, all files and folders within the shared folder will
be

accessible from the workstations.

Step 4: Reflection

a. What are some of the benefits of mapped drives and shared folders in a home or small
office network?

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b. Which folders cannot be shared? Can you think of reasons why an operating system might
not allow certain types of folders to be shared?

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c. A mapped drive provides a pointer to a network resource, but mapped drive letters are said
to be locally significant only. What do you think is meant by locally significant?

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