WORK SHEET -4

SUBJECT; PHYSICS TOPIC :SYSTEM OF RESISTORS

Question 1
What does an electric circuit mean ?
Answer:
A continuous and closed path along which an electric current flows is called an electric
circuit.

Question 2
Define the unit of current.
Answer:
Unit of current is ampere. If one coulomb of charge flows through any section of a
conductor in one second then the current through it is said to be one ampere.
I = Qt or 1 A = I C s-1

Question 3
Calculate the number of electrons constituting one coulomb of charge.
Answer:
Charge on one electron, e = 1.6 x 10-19 C
Total charge, Q = 1 C
Number of electrons, n = Qe = 1C1.6x10−19 = 6.25 x 1018

Question 4
What is meant by saying that the potential difference between two points is IV?
Answer:
The potential difference between two points is said to be 1 volt if 1 joule of work is done
in moving 1 coulomb of electric charge from one point to the other.

Question 5
How much energy is given to each coulomb of charge passing through a 6 V battery ?
Answer:
Energy given by battery = charge x potential difference
or W = QV = 1C X 6V = 6J.

Question 6
On what factors does the resistance of a conductor depend ?
OR
List the factors on which the resistance of a conductor in the shape of a wire depends.
[CBSE2018]
Answer:
The resistance of a conductor depends (i) on its length (ii) on its area of cross-section
and (iii) on the nature of its material.

Question 7
Will current flow more easily through a thick wire or a thin wire of the same material,
when connected to the same source ? Why ?
Answer:
The current will flow more easily through a thick wire than a thin wire of the same
material. Larger the area of cross-section of a conductor, more is the ease with which
the electrons can move through the conductor. Therefore, smaller is the resistance of
the conductor.

Question 8
Let the resistance of an electrical component remains constant while the potential
difference across the two ends of the component decreases to half of its former value.
What change will occur in the current through it ?
Answer:

to half of its initial value. This is according to ohm’s law i.e., V ∝ I.

When potential difference is halved, the current through the component also decreases

Question 9
Why are coils of electric toasters and electric irons are made of an-alloy rather than a
pure metal ?
OR
Why are alloys commonly used in electric heating devices? Given reason. [CBSE 2018]
Answer:
The coils of electric toasters, electric irons and other heating devices are made of an
alloy rather than a pure metal because (i) the resistivity of an alloy is much higher than
that of a pure metal, and (ii) an alloy does not undergo oxidation (or burn) easily even at
high temperature, when it is red hot.

Question 10
Use the data in Table 12.2 (in NCERT Book on Page No. 207) to answer the following :
(i) Which among iron and mercury is a better conductor ?
(ii) Which material is the best conductor ?
Answer:
(i) Resistivity of iron = 10.0 x 10-8 Ω m
Resistivity of mercury = 94.0 x 10-8 Ω m.
Thus iron is a better conductor because it has lower resistivity than mercury.
(ii) Because silver has the lowest resistivity (= 1.60 x 10-8 Ω m), therefore silver is the
best conductor
 WORK SHEET-5

Question 1
Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of three cells of 2 V each,
a 5Ω resistor, an 8 Ω resistor, and a 12 Ω resistor, and a plug key, all connected in
series.
Answer:
The required circuit diagram is shown below :

Question 2
Redraw the circuit of Questions 1, putting in an ammeter to measure the current through
the resistors and a voltmeter to measure the potential difference across the 12 Ω
resistor. What would be the readings in the ammeter and the voltmeter ?
Solution:
The required circuit diagram is shown on the right.
Total voltage, V = 3 x 2 = 6V
Total resistance, R = 5Ω + 8Ω + 12Ω = 25Ω

Question 3
Judge the equivalent resistance when the following are connected in parallel :
(i) 1 Ω and 106 Ω,
(if) 1 Ω and 103 Ω and 106 Ω.
Answer:
When the resistances are connected in parallel, the equivalent resistance is smaller
than the smallest individual resistance.
(i) Equivalent resistance < 1 Ω.
(ii) Equivalent resistance < 1 Ω.
Question 4
An electric lamp of 100 Ω, a toaster of resistance 50 Ω, and a water filter of resistance
500 Ω are connected in parallel to a 220 V source. What is the resistance of an electric
iron connected to the same source that takes as much current as all three appliances,
and what is the current through it ?
Solution:
Resistance of electric lamp, R1 = 100 Ω
Resistance of toaster, R2 = 50 Ω
Resistance of water filter, R3 = 500 Ω
Equivalent resistance Rp of the three appliances connected in parallel, is

Resistance of electric iron = Equivalent resistance of the three appliances connected in

parallel = 31.25 Ω
Applied voltage, V = 220 V
Current, I = VR = 220V31.25Ω
Question 3
What are the advantages of connecting electrical devices in parallel with the battery
instead of connecting them in series ?
Answer:
Advantages of connecting electrical devices in parallel with the battery are :

1. In parallel circuits, if an electrical appliance stops working due to some defect,

then all other appliances keep working normally.
2. In parallel circuits, each electrical appliance has its own switch due to which it can
be turned on turned off independently, without affecting other appliances.
3. In parallel circuits, each electrical appliance gets the same voltage (220 V) as that
of the power supply line.
4. In the parallel connection of electrical appliances, the overall resistance of the
household circuit is reduced due to which the current from the power supply is
high.

Question 5
How can three resistors of resistances 2Ω, 3 Ω, and 6Ω be connected to give a total
resistance of (i) 4 Ω, (ii) 1 Ω ?
Solution:
(i) We can get a total resistance of 4Ω by connecting the 2Ω resistance in series with
the parallel combination of 3Ω and 6Ω.

(ii) We can obtain a total resistance of 1Ω by connecting resistors of 2 Ω, 3 Ω and 6 Ω in

parallel.

Question 6
What is (i) the highest, (ii) the lowest total resistance that can be secured by
combinations of four coils of resistance 4 Ω, 8 Ω, 12 Ω, 24 Ω?
Solution:
(i) Highest resistance can be obtained by connecting the four coils in series.
Then, R = 4Ω + 8Ω + 12Ω + 24Ω = 48Ω
(ii) Lowest resistance can be obtained by connecting the four coils in parallel.

Q.1 FIND THE RESISTANCE OF THE COMBINATION OF RESISTORS

ANSWER :

STEP -1

STEP-2
STEP;4

STEP:5