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Quadratic Equation Test Answers

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Quadratic Equation Test Answers

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Concept Point

Quadratic Equations Test


Mathematics
Class : X

Roll No. : Time -


Date : MM - 34

Write the nature of roots of quadratic equation 4x2 + 4 x + 3 = 0. 1

Ans : Given equation is 4x2 + 4 x + 3 = 0, Here a = 4, b = 4 ,c=3


D = b2 – 4ac = 48 – 48 = 0
As D = 0, the equation has real and equal roots.

Find the value of k for which the equation x2 + k(2x + k – 1) = 0 has real and equal roots. 2

Ans : x2 + k(2x + k – 1) = 0

⇒ x2 + 2kx + k2 – k = 0

Here, a = 1, b = 2k, c = k2 – k

Since, the roots are real and equal

∴ D = b2 – 4ac = 0

⇒ (2k)2 – 4 × 1 × (k2 – k) = 0

⇒ 4k2 – 4k2 + 4k = 0

⇒ 4k = 0

∴k= =0

3. Find the positive value of k, for which the equation x2 + kx + 64 = 0 and x2 – 8x + k = 0 will both 3
have real roots.

Ans : If the equation x2 + kx + 64 = 0 has real roots, then D ≥ 0.


k2 – 4 × 64 ≥ 0 k2 ≥ 256 k2 ≥ (16)2
k ≥ 16 [ k > 0] ...(i)
If the equation x2 – 8x + k = 0 has real roots, then D ≥ 0 64 – 4k ≥ 0 4k ≤ 64
k ≤ 16 ...(ii)
From (i) and (ii), we get k = 16.
4. In the following equations determine the set of values of p for which the given equation has real 3
roots :
(i) px2 + 4x + 1 = 0 (ii) 2x2 + 3x + p = 0 (iii) 2x2 + px + 3 = 0.

Ans : (i) px2 + 4x + 1 = 0


The equation has real roots if D ≥ 0
i.e. (4)2 – 4p ≥ 0 i.e. 16 – 4p ≥ 0 or 16 ≥ 4p or p ≤ 4
(ii) 2x2 + 3x + p = 0
The equation has real roots if D ≥ 0
i.e. (3)2 – 4 × 2 × p ≥ 0 ⇒ 9 – 8p ≥ 0 9 ≥ 8p or p ≤ 9/8.
(iii) 2x2 + px + 3 = 0
D = p2 – 4 × 2 × 3 = p2 – 24
For real roots, D ≥ 0
p2 – 24 ≥ 0 p2 ≥ 24 p ≥ or p ≤ –
p≥2 or p ≤ – 2 .

5. If the roots of the equation (b – c)x2 + (c – a)x + (a – b) = 0 are equal, then prove that 2b = a + c. 3

Ans : We have the equation (b – c)x2 + (c – a)x + (a – b) = 0


Here A = b – c, B = c – a and C = a – b,

Note: Let Ax2 + Bx + C = 0 be any quadratic equation and x = 1 be a root.


A(1)2 + B(1) + C = 0 or A + B + C = 0
When A + B + C = 0, at least one root will be 1.

where A + B + C = b – c + c – a + a – b = 0
Since the sum of the coefficients is equal to zero.
At least one root will be 1.
But it is given that both the roots are equal.
Both roots are same and equal to 1.
Product of the roots = 1

∴ a – b = b – c or a + c = 2b Proved.

6. Find the value of k so that the quadratic equation x2 – 2x(1 + 3k) + 7(3 + 2k) = 0 has equal roots. 3

Ans : Given equation is x2 – 2x(1+ 3k) + 7 (3 + 2k) = 0.


Here, a = 1, b = –2(1 + 3k), c = 7(3 + 2k)
D = b2 – 4ac = [–2(1+3k)]2 – 4 × 1 × 7(3 + 2k)
= 4(1 + 9k2 + 6k) – 84 – 56k
= 4 + 36k2 + 24k – 84 – 56k = 36k2 – 32k – 80
For equal roots, D = 0
36k2 – 32k – 80 = 0
4(9k2 – 8k – 20) = 0
9k2 – 8k – 20 = 0
9k2 – 18k + 10k – 20 = 0
9k(k – 2)+10(k – 2) = 0
(k – 2)(9k + 10) = 0
k = 2 or k =
7. If the equation (1 + m2)x2 + 2mcx + c2 – a2 = 0 has equal roots, then show that c2 = a2(1 + m2). 3

Ans : The given equation is

(1 + m2)x2 + 2mcx + c2 – a2 =0

Here A = (1 + m2), B = 2mc, C = c2 – a2

Q This equation has equal roots

D=0

Þ B2 – 4AC = 0

Þ (2mc)2 – 4(1 + m2)(c2 – a2) = 0

Þ 4m2 c2 – 4(c2 – a2 +m2c2 – m2a2) = 0

Þ 4m2c2 – 4c2 + 4a2 – 4m2c2 + 4m2a2 = 0

Þ – 4c2 + 4a2 + 4m2a2 = 0

Þ 4c2 – 4a2 – 4m2a2 = 0

Þ c 2 – a2 – m 2 a 2 = 0

Þ c2 = a 2 + m 2 a 2

Þ c2 = a2(1+ m2)

8. Three consecutive positive integers are such that the sum of the square of the first and the 4
product of the other two is 46, find the integers.

Ans : Let consecutive positive integers be n, n + 1 and n + 2


According to the question,
n2 + (n + 1) (n + 2) = 46 2n2 + 3n – 44 = 0
2n2 + 11n – 8n – 44 = 0 n (2n + 11) – 4(2n + 11) = 0
(n – 4) (2n + 11) = 0 n – 4 = 0 or 2n + 11 = 0
n = 4 or n = (rejected)
Integers are 4, 5, 6.

9. In a flight of 2800 km, an aircraft was slowed down due to bad weather. Its average speed is 4
reduced by 100 km/h and time increased by 30 minutes. Find the original duration of the flight.
Ans : Let original duration of the flight be x hours.
Distance = 2800 km
Usual speed =

When time =

ATQ

2800 = 100 (2x2 + x) 2x2 + x – 28 = 0


2x2 + 8x – 7x – 28 = 0 2x(x + 4) – 7(x + 4) = 0
(x + 4) (2x – 7) = 0 x = – 4 (rejected) or x =

Original duration = hours.

10. The length of the hypotenuse of a right triangle is one unit more than twice the length of the 4
shortest side and the other side is one unit less than twice the length of the shortest side. Find the
lengths of the other two sides.

Ans : Let shortest side be x units


Hypotenuse = (2x + 1) units and other side = (2x – 1) units
Using Pythagoras theorem, we get
(2x + 1)2 = x2 + (2x – 1)2
4x2 + 4x + 1 = x2 + 4x2 – 4x + 1
x2 – 8x = 0 x(x – 8) = 0
x = 8 or x = 0 but x ≠ 0.
When x = 8, hypotenuse = 2 × 8 + 1 = 17 and other side = 2 × 8 – 1 = 15
Sides of right-angled triangle are 8 units, 17 units and 15 units.

11. Two water taps together can fill a tank is 6 hours. The tap of larger diameter takes 9 hours less 4
than the smaller one to fill the tank separately. Find the time in which each tap can separately fill the
tank.
Ans : Let the larger tap and smaller tap fill the tank in x hours and y hours respectively.
Larger tap’s one hour work = and smaller tap’s one hour work =

ATQ ...(i)
and x = y – 9 ...(ii)
[From (i)]

6(2y – 9) = y2 – 9y
12y – 54 = y2 – 9y
y2 – 9y – 12y + 54 = 0
y2 – 21y + 54 = 0
y2 – 18y – 3y + 54 = 0
y(y – 18) – 3(y – 18) = 0
(y – 3)(y – 18) = 0
y = 3, 18
y = 3 [Rejected]
y = 18
x = y – 9 = 18 – 9 = 9 [From (ii)]
Hence, the larger tap takes 9 hours and smaller tap takes 18 hours to fill the tank.

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