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Chapter Three Extra Practice Problems

1. The document contains 17 practice chemistry problems involving balancing chemical equations, stoichiometric calculations, determining empirical and molecular formulas from elemental composition data, and calculating masses of substances from amounts of atoms, molecules, or moles. 2. The problems cover topics such as percent composition by mass, limiting reagents, empirical formulas, and calculations involving chemical equations, moles, masses and atoms. 3. Sample calculations are shown for determining masses, moles, atoms and molecules of various substances from balanced chemical equations and empirical formulas.

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114 views

Chapter Three Extra Practice Problems

1. The document contains 17 practice chemistry problems involving balancing chemical equations, stoichiometric calculations, determining empirical and molecular formulas from elemental composition data, and calculating masses of substances from amounts of atoms, molecules, or moles. 2. The problems cover topics such as percent composition by mass, limiting reagents, empirical formulas, and calculations involving chemical equations, moles, masses and atoms. 3. Sample calculations are shown for determining masses, moles, atoms and molecules of various substances from balanced chemical equations and empirical formulas.

Uploaded by

leaveme07
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter Three Extra Practice Problems 1.

Balance the following chemical equations: a) b) c) Na + H2O C2H4 + O2 Al + HCl NaOH(aq) + CO2 + H2O AlCl3 + H2 H2(g)

2. Balance the following chemical equations: a) b) c) d) e) N2 O 5 + H2 O HNO3 N2 + Cr2O3 + HCl NH4Cl H2 O

(NH4)2Cr2O7 PCl3 + Mg3N2 + C6H6 + H2 O

H3PO3 +

HCl MgCl2 + O2 CO2 + H2O CO2 +

f) C3H5NO +

O2

NO2 +

H2 O

3. Write a balanced chemical equation to correspond to each of the following descriptions: a) When sulfur trioxide gas reacts with water, a solution of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) forms. b) Boron sulfide (B2S3) reacts violently with water to form dissolved H3BO3 and H2S. c) PH3 combusts in oxygen gas to form gaseous water and solid P4O10. d) When H2S gas is passed over solid, hot iron(III) hydroxide, the resultant reaction produces solid iron(III) sulfide and gaseous water. 4. Calculate the percent composition for each element in C12H22O11.

5. Calculate the percentage by mass of each element in each of the following compounds: a) sulfur trioxide b) CCl4 c) CH3OH d) calcium nitrate e) ammonium sulfate 6. A sample of glucose, C6H12O6, contains 2.0 x 1022 atoms of carbon. a) How many atoms of hydrogen does it contain? b) How many molecules of glucose does the sample contain? c) How many moles of glucose does the sample contain? d) What is the mass of the sample in grams? 7. Calculate the mass in grams of each of the following: a) 0.00650 mol SO2 b) 4.58 x 1022 atoms of Ar c) 1.25 x 1020 molecules of caffeine, C8H10N4O2

8. Consider the following chemical equation: C2H5OH + O2 CO2 + H2O a) How many moles of CO2 are produced when 5.00 mol of C2H5OH is burned according to the equation? b) How many grams of CO2 are produced when 5.00 g of C2H5OH is burned according to the equation?

9. Consider the following equation: Na2SiO3 + 8HF H2SiF6 + 2NaF + 3H2O a) How many moles of HF are required to dissolve 1.50 mol of Na2SiO3? b) How many grams of NaF form when 3.00 mol of HF reacts in this way? c) How many grams of Na2SiO3 can be dissolved by 3.00 g of HF? 10. Consider the following chemical equation: SiO2 + C SiC + CO a) How many grams of SiC are formed by complete reaction of 5.00 g of SiO2? b) How many grams of C are required to react with 5.00 g of SiO2? c) How many grams of SiC can form when 2.50 g of SiO2 and 2.50 g of C are allowed to react? d) In part c), which reactant is the limiting reactant and which is the excess reactant? e) In part c), how much of the excess reactant remains after the limiting reactant is completely consumed? 11. Consider the following reaction: H2S + 2NaOH Na2S + 2H2O How many grams of Na2S are formed if 2.05 g of H2S is bubbled into a solution containing 1.84 g of NaOH, assuming that the limiting reagent is completely consumed? 12. Calculate the number of: a. moles of NO2 in 1.77 g NO2 b. moles of Mg2+ in 3.785 mol Mg3(PO4)2 c. moles of NH4+ ions in 7.51 g of (NH4)2CO3

13. Calculate the % composition for each element in C10H14O. 14. Determine the molecular formula for a compound with the following experimentally determined percent composition: 71.65%Cl, 24.27% C, 4.07%H 15. A white powder was analyzed and found to contain 43.64% P and 56.36% O by mass. The compound has a molar mass of 2583.88 g/mol. What are the empirical and molecular formulas of the compound? 16. What mass of BF3 contains 1.5 x 1016 F atoms? 17. What mass of calcium nitrate contains 10.0 mg of N? *These questions were taken from the text Chemistry: The Central Science, 6th Edition by T.L Brown, H.E. LeMay, Jr., and B.E. Bursten. Prentice Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ 1994.

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