Teacher: If

you finish your

work in class, I
won’t give you
any homework

Ryan: We will
play football
after school if
we don’t have
any homework
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IF IF IF
….
CONDITIONAL
SENTENCES

RESULT
???

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 Basic types: form, examples, use

Practice

Content
Further practice

Homework
3
 Basic types
Basic types

Zero First Second Third

conditional conditional conditional conditional

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I. Zero conditional → Chân lý, sự thật
luôn đúng

If clause Main clause

Present simple Present simple

1.If water freezes, 1.it turns into ice.

2.If you heat metal, 2.it melts.
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 Điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở
II. First conditional→ hiện tại hoặc tương lai
If clause Main clause

Present form Future

( Present simple; Present perfect; Imperative
Present continuous ) Modal + bare infinitive

1. If you finish your work in class, 1.I won’t give you any homework.
2. If you have finished your coffee, 2. we can pay the bill.
3. If you are ill, 3. see a doctor.
4. If he is working, 4. I won’t disturb him. 6
 Notes
1. Unless = If…not. (Nếu …không)
Eg1: If you do not book a ticket, you won’t get a seat.
=Unless you book a ticket, you won’t get a seat.
2. “As/ So long as, Provided/ Providing (that) (Miễn là)” can be used instead of “If”.
Eg2: If he is on time, we won’t be late for the meeting.
= As/ So long as he is on time, we won’t be late for the meeting.
Eg3: We will come by car if Dad lends us his.
= We will come by car provided/ providing (that)Dad lends us his.
3. When we omit “If”, use “Should” before the subject.
Eg4: If she turns up, tell her to wait for me.
= Should she turn up, tell her to wait for me.
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III. Second conditional → Điều kiện trái với
thực tế ở hiện tại

If clause Main clause

past simple; past would+ bare

continuous infinitive

1.If I saw a ghost, 1.I would run away.

2.If I were you, 2.I wouldn’t go out that late.
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 Notes
1. “Were” can replace “was” in all singular subjects in “If clause”.
Eg1: If I were you, I would try harder.

2. When we omit “If”, use “Were” before the subject.

Eg2: If I had wings, I would fly really fast, like a bird.
= Were I to have wings, I would fly really fast, like a bird.
Eg3: If she were taller, she would join the basketball team.
= Were she taller, she would join the basketball team
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Notes
3. But for/ Without/ If it weren’t for + Np = If clause
Eg1 : If he didn’t help me, I wouldn’t complete the homework.
= If it weren’t for his help, I wouldn’t complete the homework.
=But for his help, I wouldn’t complete the homework.
=Without his help, I wouldn’t complete the homework.

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 Điều kiện trái với thực tế
IV. Third conditional → ở quá khứ

If clause Main clause

past perfect/ past perfect would+ have + past participle

continuous

1.we wouldn’t have been

1. If we had closed the window, robbed.
2. If he hadn’t been driving so 2. the accident wouldn’t have
fast at that time, happened. 11
Notes
1. But for/ Without/ If it hadn’t been for + Np= If clause
Eg1 : If he hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have been able to pass the test.
= If it hadn’t been for his help, I wouldn’t have been able to pass the test.
=But for his help, I wouldn’t have been able to pass the test.
=Without his help, I wouldn’t have been able to pass the test.

2. When we omit “If”, use “Had” before the subject.

Eg2: If he had known, he would have told us.
= Had he known, he would have told us.
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 Gỉa định điều kiện trái với
V. Mixed conditional → quá khứ và để lại kết quả
trái với hiện tại

If clause Main clause

past perfect/ past would/ could +

perfect continuous bare infinitive
1. If I had taken my mother’s 1.we wouldn’t be ill now.
advice, 2. he could do the test easily
2. If he had revised the lessons well now.
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 Gỉa định điều kiện trái
V. Mixed conditional → với hiện tại và để lại kết
quả trái với quá khứ

If clause Main clause

past simple/ past would/ could + have

continuous past participle

1. If I were you, 1. I wouldn’t have quit that job.

2. If he drank more water every 2. he would have gone to hospital
day, yesterday.
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 I. Put the verbs into the correct form
1. If I had listened to you, I …………………. wouldn’t get (not get) into trouble now.
2. She …......…..………….
Should she not find (not find) a job, she’ll be forced to live with her parents.
would ask
3. I …………………………. (ask) her out if I were you.
4. He ……….......………
would have gone (go) bungee jumping yesterday if he weren’t afraid of
heights, but he didn’t dare.
5. The weather …….......................................
Should the weather be (be) good, we will go camping.
6. If she feels depressed, she ……………… eats (eat) lots of comfort food.
7. I would make a lasagne if I ………………………. was/ were (be) a good cook.
Unfortunately, all my culinary attempts fail.
8. If I were rich, Iwould
……….....……….
have bought(buy) that designer dress which I saw yesterday.
9. Sheila ……………….....….
would not have got (not get) promoted if our boss hadn’t approved of her
project.
10. I (send) Were I to be sent prison, would you visit me?
..............................to
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 I. Put the verbs into the correct form
had married (marry) Jeff, she would have moved to Canada.
11. If she ……………..
would have
12. I …………………. (have) a beautiful suntan if I lived in California.
Were we to have (have) a summer house there, we would spend every
13. We ……........….....…
summer in the mountains.
had we checked (check) the direction, we wouldn’t have got lost.
14. We .............................
15. If you hadn’t drunk so much wine yesterday, you wouldn’t have (not have) a
….....….....….
hangover now.
hadn’t dropped (not drop) out of University, he wouldn’t have set up
16. If Mark ……........………
his business then. But he took a risk and he’s a successful man now.
17. If I hadn’t dyed my hair green, nobody ……………….. would laugh (laugh) at me now.
should there be (be) anything I can do, please do not hesitate to call me.
18. There ……......…....…
had had (have) a bit more time, we wouldn’t have missed our train.
19. If we ……………
hadn’t lied (not lie) to me, we would still be best friends.
20. If you …………………
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II. Rewriting the following sentences starting with the word(s) given.
00:30
1. The bee won’t sting you as long as you stay still.
→Provided _______________________________.
you stay still, the bee won’t sting you.
2. Take your medicine, otherwise you won’t get better.
→ Providing you don’t take your medicine, you won’t get better.
____________________________________.
3. He won’t help you if you don’t ask him.
→Unless____________________________.
you ask him, he won’t help you.
4. If you come home early, we will go to the cinema.
→As long as____________________________.
you come home early, we will go to the cinema.
5. If he doesn’t pay the fine, he may go to prison.
→ Unless____________________________.
he pays the fine, he will go to prison.
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6. Eat your soup, otherwise you can’t have any dessert. 00:30

you eat your soup, you won’t/can’t have any dessert.

→Unless ______________________________________.
7. You’d better see a doctor.
→If ___________________________.
I were you, I would see a doctor.
8. I stayed at home, because I had a cold.
I hadn’t had a cold, I wouldn’t have stayed at home.
→ If______________________________.
9. If you see Paul, tell him I want to see him.
→Should ___________________________.
you see Paul, tell him I want to see him.
10. She went home early, because she was exhausted.
she hadn’t been exhausted, she wouldn’t have gone home early.
→ If_____________________________________.

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11. You can use my car, but you have to keep it carefully.
→ So ................................................................................................
long as you keep my car carefully, you can use it.
12. Without Jack’s help, I wouldn’t have been able to move the table.
→ If..............................................................................................................
Jack hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have been able to move the table.
13. What would you do if there was an earthquake?
→ Supposing ................................................................................................
there was an earthquake, what would you do?
14. If Pauline hadn’t been interested, the project would have been abandoned.
Pauline’s interest, the project would have been abandoned.
→ But for.......................................................................................................
15. The fire was brought under control thanks to the night-watchman.
→ If it hadn’t.................................................................................................
been for the night watchman, the fire wouldn’t have been brought...
16. Dick is in prison because a detective recognized him.
hadn’t recognized Dick, he wouldn’t be in prison.
→ If a detective.................................................................................
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17. If it hadn’t rained, we would have a better crop.
→But for……….…………………………………………………………….
the rain, we would have a better crop.
18. The car breaks down so often because you don’t take good care of it.
to take good care of the car, it wouldn’t break down so often.
→Were you………………………………………………………………………
19. She got married at such an early age: otherwise, she would be at university now.
→Had …………………………………………………………………………
she not got married at such an early age, she would be at university now.
20. I could have given them some advice if they had asked me.
→ Had …………………………………………………………...……………
they asked me, I could have given them some advice.
21. If anyone should call, please take the message.
→ Should ……………………………………………………………………..
anyone call, please take the message.
22. I would have more energy if I did more exercise.
→ Were ……………………………………………………………………….
I to do more exercise, I would have more energy.

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THANK YOU

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