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Lock Out & Tag Out (LOTO)

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Introduction
Approximately 3 million workers service
equipment and face the greatest risk of injury
if lockout/tagout is not properly implemented.
Compliance with the lockout/tagout standard
(29 CFR 1910.147) prevents an estimated
120 fatalities and 50,000 injuries each year.

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Introduction
 "Lockout/Tagout (LOTO)" refers to specific practices
and procedures to safeguard employees from the
unexpected energization or startup of machinery and
equipment, or the release of hazardous energy
during service or maintenance activities.
 This requires that a designated individual turns off
and disconnects the machinery or equipment from its
energy source(s) before performing service or
maintenance and that the authorized employee(s)
either lock or tag the energy-isolating device(s) to
prevent the release of hazardous energy and take
steps to verify that the energy has been isolated
effectively.

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 The “Fatal Five” Main Causes of
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Lockout/Tagout Injuries
• Failure to stop
equipment
• Failure to disconnect
from power source
• Failure to dissipate
(bleed, neutralize)
residual energy

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 The “Fatal Five” Main Causes of
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Lockout/Tagout Injuries

• Accidental restarting
of equipment
• Failure to clear work
areas before
restarting

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Responsibilities
• Authorized Employee - one
who locks out machines or
equipment in order to perform
the servicing or maintenance on
that machine or equipment.
• Affected Employee - one whose
job requires him/her to operate or
use a machine or equipment on
which servicing or maintenance
is being performed under lockout,
or whose job requires him/her to
work in an area in which such
servicing or maintenance is
being performed.

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Definition
• Energy Isolating Device - A
mechanical device that physically
prevents the transmission or release
of energy.
• Tagging System – identification tag
provided in the valve together with
the lock to identify the users of tag,
the purpose, duration of activities,
contact number or location, etc…
• Energy Control Procedure - Safety
program adopted by the employer
that includes energy control
procedures plus provisions for
inspecting the procedures and
training employees for
lockout/tagout.
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 Hazardous Energy Sources Found in
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the Workplace
 Electrical  Potential
 Generated
 Pressure
 Static
 Hydraulic
 Mechanical  Pneumatic
 Transitional
 Vacuum
 Rotational
 Springs
 Thermal  Gravity
 Machines or
Equipment
 Chemical
Reactions
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Types of Lockout Devices

• Plug Locks

• Ball Valve
Lockout

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Types of Lockout Devices

• Gate Valve
Lockout

• Group Lockout
Hasp

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Lockout Procedure

 Inform the operator (s)

that power is being
disconnected.
 Preparation for
Shutdown
 Equipment Shutdown
 Equipment Isolation

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Lockout Procedure

 Application of Lockout
Devices
 Control of Stored Energy
 Equipment Isolation-
Verification
 Periodic Inspection of
LOTO

Periodic Inspections

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Removal of Lockout
 Ensure equipment is safe to
operate
 Safeguard all employees
 Remove lockout/tagout
devices. Except in
emergencies, each device
must be removed by the
person who put it on.
 Last person to take off lock
 Follow checklist

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Temporarily Reactivating Equipment

 Remove unnecessary tools from the work area
and make sure everyone is clear of the
equipment
 Remove lockout/tagout devices and re-
energize the system
 As soon as the energy is no longer needed,
isolate the equipment and re-apply
lockout/tagout, using the procedure.

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Special Situations

 Servicing lasts longer than one shift.

 Contractors are performing service or
maintenance at your workplace
 Worker who applied lock is not available

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Summary
 Never attempt lockout/tagout procedures
unless you have been trained and certified by
your employer under an approved Energy
Control Program.
 Never loan or share your lock, combination, or
key with anybody else.
 Always be sure all lockout/tagout devices are
compatible with the environment in which they
will be used i.e. corrosive, humid, etc.

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