Mathematics - HG - Nov 2001 National Paper 1 [Grade 12

Mathematics - HG]
Ref: M1/1/01 Total pages: 18 Time: 3 hours Marks: 200

This question paper consists of a cover page, 18 pages and a formula sheet.
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
Read the following instructions carefully before answering the questions:
1. This paper consists of 11 questions. Answer ALL the questions.

2. Clearly show ALL the calculations, diagrams, graphs, etc. you have used in determining
the answers.

3. An approved calculator (non-programmable and/or non-graphical) may be used, unless

stated otherwise.

4. If necessary, answers should be rounded off to TWO decimal places unless stated
otherwise.

5. Graph paper is NOT required in this question paper.

6. Number the answers EXACTLY as the questions are numbered.

7. It is in your own interest to write legibly and to present the work neatly.

8. An information sheet containing formulae is provided.

9. Diagrams provided in this question paper are not necessarily drawn to scale.

QUESTION 1
Determine ALL real solutions of each of the following:
l.l 27x x 9x-2 = 1 (4)

1.2 16x4 + 1 = 0 (2)

1.3 (6)

1.4 2|x-5|>7 (4)

1.5 2.2x - 8.2-x = 15 (6)

1.6 3x .5x+1 = 20 (4)

1.7 (6)

[32]
 QUESTION 2
2.1 Prove that the roots of a x + abx + b2 = 0 are non-real for all real values of a
2 2 (3)
and b, a and b ≠ 0.

2.2 If m and n are integers such that m < n < 0, state whether each of the following is TRUE or
FALSE. Write down 'true' or 'false' next to the applicable question number and in each
case justify the answer:
2.2.1 m-n < -n (2)
2.2.2 2 2 (2)
m <n
2.2.3 mn > n2 (2)
[9]

QUESTION 3
3.1

In the sketch, the graphs of the functions given by f(x) = x2 - 2x - 3 and h, an absolute value
function, are represented. Answer the following questions with the aid of the sketch:
3.1.1 For which values of x is f increasing? (3)
3.1.2 2 (4)
What is the maximum value of -x + 2x + 3?
3.1.3 For which value(s) of p will x2 - 2x - 3 = p have:
(a) Equal roots (1)
(b) No real roots (2)
3.1.4 For which value(s) of c will the roots of
x2 - 2x + c = 0 have the same sign? (3)
3.1.5 Determine b if h(x) = | x | + b (1)
3.1.6 For which values of x is h(x) > ¦f(x)? (3)

3.2 Determine the points of intersection of the graphs of

f(x) = x2 - 2x - 3 and the function defined by y = - 4x + 5 (6)
[23]
 QUESTION 4
Carlo manufactures eight-sided wall clocks, all the sides being of equal length. To create the face
of the clock, he cuts the corners from a square sheet of glass of sides 16 cm.

Calculate:
4.1 The length of a side of the clock (8)

4.2 The area of the face of the clock (3)

[11]

QUESTION 5
5.1 In the sketch, the following functions are represented:
• f , with equation y = x3
• g, the reflection of f in the line y = x .
• h, the reflection of g in the x-axis.

5.1.1 Determine the defining equations of g and h in the form.

y = ............... (4)
5.1.2 Determine, with the aid of the sketch, the value(s) of x for which:
(a) 3x > 0 (1)
(b) (2)

5.2 Solve for x:

(log3x)2 - 2 > log3x (8)
[15]
 QUESTION 6
6.1 3 2
Given: f(x) = ax - 5x + bx + 6
f (x) is exactly divisible by x - 2 and leaves a remainder of -3 when divided by 2x (6)
-1. Determine the values of a and b.

6.2 Given: f(x) = xn + yn

For which value(s) of n is (x + y) a factor of f ? (4)
[10]

QUESTION 7
7.1 (4)

Calculate:

7.2 In a geometric sequence, the third term is 5m + l, the fifth term m + 1, and the (7)
seventh term m - 2. If all the terms are positive, calculate the value of m.

7.3 A man was injured in an accident. He receives a disability grant of R4 800 in the first year.
This grant increases by a fixed amount each year.
7.3.1 What is the annual increase if, over 20 years, he would have received R143 500 (4)
altogether?
7.3.2 His initial annual expenditure is R2 600 and increases at a rate of R400 per year. (6)
In which year will his expenses exceed his income?
[21]

QUESTION 8
8.1 Calculate the derivative of f from first principles, if.
f(x) = x - x2 (5)

8.2
Determine if:
8.2.1 y = (x3 - 1)2 (3)
8.2.2 (4)

8.3 Given: f(x) = -x3 + 6x2 - 9x + 4

8.3. 1 Draw a neat sketch graph of f , showing the coordinates of the intercepts with the (17)
axes, as well as the coordinates of the turning points. (Show all your
calculations.)
8.3.2 Determine the equation of the tangent to the curve of f at the point (2 ; 2). (5)
[34]

QUESTION 9
9.1 3 2
The graph of x + y = 8, not drawn to scale, is represented alongside for the interval 0
 <x<2
P(x ; y) is any point on the graph.

9.1.1 Determine OP2 in terms of x and y. (1)

9.1.2 Show that OP2 = -x3 + x2 + 8 (1)
9.1.3 Determine the maximum value of OP2. (5)
9.1.4 Calculate the shortest distance from the origin to the graph. (3)

9.2 The equation of the tangent to y = f (x) at x = -1 is y = -3x + 4.

Determine f (-1) and f '(- 1) (2)

9.3 The accompanying sketch represents the curve of f '(x).

9.3.1 what is the gradient of f at x = 0? (1)
9.3.2 f has a maximum at a. Determine the value of a. (2)
9.3.3 For which values of x is f increasing? (2)
[17]

QUESTION 10
An entrepreneur manufactures two types of furniture pieces: chairs and tables.
The costs are R250 per chair and R200 per table. He sells each chair for R300 and each table for
R400. He makes x chairs and y tables each month, so that the points (x ; y) he only in the shaded
(feasible) region below.
10.1 Write down the inequalities which describe the feasible region. (6)

10.2 Determine the coordinates of P and T. (6)

10.3 Determine the minimum total cost. (3)

10.4 Determine the maximum profit. (3)

10.5 If the production cost for a table increases to R500, what would the minimum (2)
cost be?
[20]

QUESTION 11
Black and white dots are packed as shown in the arrangements below:
11.1 If Tn is the total number of dots in the nth arrangement, determine:
11.1.1 T5 (1)
11.1.2 T10 (2)
11.1.3 Tn (3)

11.2 Use the answer in QUESTION 11.1.3 to write down a formula for the sum of (2)
the first n natural numbers.
[8]
TOTAL: 200

Mathematics Formula Sheet (HG and SG)

Wiskunde Formuleblad (HG en SG)
NATIONAL DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SENIOR CERTIFICATE EXAMINATION
 Mathematics - HG - Nov 2001 National Paper 1 Memorandum
[Grade 12 Mathematics - HG]
1.1 1.2

1.3 1.4

Check both answers using first

eq.
Solution: x = 1
[x = -4 is not a solution]

1.5 1.6
1.7

2.1 2.2.1 TRUE [Add n to both sides]

a2 en b2 is positive and multiplied

by -3.
Thus ) < 0
∴Roots non-real.

2.2.2 FALSE [* m * n *]

2.2.3 TRUE [Divide by n; negative]

3.1.1 turning point: x = -b/2a = -(-2)/2 = 3.1.2 Turning point of f: (1; -4)
1 The maximum of the mirror image of f in
f increasing for x > 1 the X-axis will be 4.

3.1.3 (a) 3.1.4 Move the graph upwards slowly.

Move the graph upwards 4 units. If c = 0, the roots will be 0 and a positive
The y- number.
intercept is then 1. If c = 1, the graph touches the X-axis.
∴p = -4 Solution: 0 < c ≤ 1
(b)
p < -4
[Hint: Check by taking p to LHS.]

3.1.5 b = -3 3.1.6

Points of intersection: (-4;21) en (2;-3)

4.1 Let AB = AD = x
then BC = 16 – 2x
and BD = x [Pythagoras]

Eight equal sides:

[The other answer not acceptable]

Length of side: 16 – 2x = 6.63

4.2 Area of face: 16 - 4) ABD = 16 – 4 (0,5x2) = 212,1

5.1.1 5.1.2 (a) All real values of x.

(b) x ≥ 1

5.2

but x > 0, definition

Solution: 0 < x ≤ 1/3 OF x ≥ 9
6.1

6.2 (x + y) is a factor of f if f(-y) = 0

(-y)n + yn = 0 if n is an odd number
[We know it is true for n = 3].

7.1

T1 = ½
T2 = ¼
T3 = 1/8

7.2
7.3.1 Arithmetic series with 7.3.2
a = 4800 and S20 = 143 500.
d is required.

8.1 f(x) = x – x2

8.2.1 8.2.2
8.3.1
8.3.2

9.1.1 OP2 = x2 + y2 9.1.2

9.1.3

Maximum of OP2 is 8,15.

9.1.4 If the question refers to the graph in 9.1:

The Y-intercept of the graph is 2 and the X-intercept is x = 2.
Calculate different lengths of OP by substituting values for x and y.
The minimum value is found where y = 0 and x = 2.
The minimum length of OP is 2.
[The graph of OP2 can also be considered but is more complicated.]
9.2 9.3.1 m = 40

9.3.2 a = 30

9.3.3 f increases if f ´(x) is positive.

0 ≤x < 30

10.1 10.3

10.2 10.4
10.5

11.1.1 T5 = 30 of (5 x 6); Each number is the product of two consecutive numbers.

11.1.2 T10 = 10 x 11 = 110

11.1.3. Tn = n(n + 1)

11.2