AMBRIDGE ILLUSTRATING ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSIONS 2.1 Constructing expressions In these tasks you will need to write algebraic expressions or draw diagrams to represent expressions. TASK1 Writing algebraic expressions Each envelope contains p paperclips. For each illustration, write an algebraic expression that describes how many paperclips there are in total. The first one has been done for you. Mlustration Expression MM i p+ Min MX niMM™m™ hapter 2: Expre formulae and equationsCamarivct TASK 2 2.1 Constructing expressions Illustrating algebraic expressions Draw cups and counters to illustrate each of the following expressions. Let each cup contain m counters. The first one has been done for you. Expression Ilustration 2m+3 ww 3m 4xm m+5 3m+7 m+mt+mt+m+m Write two more algebraic expressions then ask someone else to illustrate them. Check their solutions, TASK 3 Discussions Can you draw a picture for 6—m or 4m —3? If you have a cup containing m counters, what would you do to leave yourself with m — 3 counters? Discuss these questions with a friend,— 2.1 Constructing expressions WHAT DOES IT REPRESENT? ‘A bag can contain several represent the number of lollies or marbles. TASK1 —_Lolly bags Joanne bought three identical bags each containing the same number of lo loose lollies. a Drawa diagram to illustrate this. b Write an expression to represent the total number of lollies. Let represent the number of lollies in one bag. Total number of lollies = © Ifeach bag contained 20 lollies, what is the total number of lollies? d Ifeach bag contained 10 lollies, what is the total number of lollies? TASK 2 Marbles in bags a Jason had 4y +2 marbles. Ify represents the number of marbles in a bag, » what does the 4 represent? > what does the 2 represent? » what does the 4y represent? b Hilary also described the number of marbles she has as 4y +2. Jason says he has 26 marbles in total but Hilary says she has 14. How can both Jason and Hilary be correct? ifferent numbers of lollies or marbles. A variable (letter) is used to s. She also bought fiveSUBSTITUTING NUMBERS TASK 1 Substitute one variable Complete the following substitution for one variable. 5m St+m m m=3 m=4 m=5 TASK 2 Substitute for two variables These questions require substitution for two variables. Complete these substitutions, a+b a-2b 3a+ 5b a=2,b=4 a=4,b=2 a=5,b=0 a=5,b=3 a=5,b=5Snare CHALLENGE 2.2 Using expressions and formulae Try these more challenging substitutions with two variables. d=9,f=7 d=3,f=1 d=2,f=2 d+af 1f-3a 4d+f Sf+d 2d - 3f[ Tey 23 Coletng ike tems ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION SQUARESAW Cut out the nine squares and rearrange them so that the touching sides are equivalent expressions. The completed puzzle is a3 by 3 square. e+ +4 e+¥+e+e 7Tk-=10k+2k b-YE-8 +49 10k-3k+k ASN +A eNE 1024 Cambridge University Press Chapter 2: Expressions, formulae and equations2.3 Collecting like terms MAGIC PUZZLES Algebraic expressions can be added, just like numbers, by collecting like terms. In these tasks you will need to add expressions to get a desired sum. TASK 1 Magic cross Cut out the 9 small blue counters from the bottom of the page and arrange them in the cross so that the horizontal and vertical totals are both Sa + 2.2.3 Collecting like terms TASK2 Magic triangle Cut out the blue dises from the bottom of the page and arrange them so that each side of the triangle has a sum of 3a + 6. Is there another way of arranging the blue dises so that each side of the triangle adds to the same value but one different to 3a + 6? If you find a solution, draw the triangle and state the new total. 0 m iy Pr 2 hapter 2: Expressions, formulae and equations2.4 Expanding brackets EXPLORING EXPANDING TASK 1 Are they the same? Use order of operations to evaluate each pair of expressions to determine whether they are equivalent. 1 3x(5+4) and 3*5+3%4 2 10 (400+30+7) and 10 400+ 10x 30+10*7 TASK 2 Area of rectangle Find the area of each section of the rectangle and then use these answers to expand the expression. 3x 5 23x+5)= 2 TASK 3 Expand Expand these expressions to remove the brackets. 1 4(7p+1) 2 6(10-3k) 3 S(6n+8) 4 13a—4b+c) 5 | (6w+20y) 6 70-24) Challenge: 7 w(S—3p) 8 2n(7m +4) 9 y@x-Hy+1) Challenge Expand and simplify Expand these expressions and then simplify the answer by collecting like ‘erms. Check by substituting values for each variable into the original expression and your answer. 8(4y +2) +304)2.5 Constructing and solving equations REVERSING THE OPERATIONS TASK 1 Check solutions Check whether the value given in the brackets is the solution to the equation. Answer yes or no. a 2y+5=13 (4) rp & 2 (10) 5 c Q d 4y-10=0 eh) TASK 2 Solve and check Solve and then check by substituting your answers back into the original equation, a llg+4=81 b 12-24-11 © Ww+3=-l d 11=30-6p e 5t3=9 f EXTENSION Write equations Write at least three equations that have the solution v = 8.WRITING EQUATIONS TASK 1 Match them Draw a line to match each problem with one of the equations. | multiplied a mystery number by 2 and then added 3 and got 12. | multiplied a mystery number by 3 and then added 2 and got 12. | divided a mystery number by 2 and then subtracted 3 and got 12. | subtracted 3 from a mystery number and then divided by 2 and got 12. | subtracted 2 from a mystery number and then divided by 3 and got 12. | divided a mystery number by 3 and then subtracted 2 and got 12. ambridge University Press 2.5 Constructing and solving equations Chapter 2: Expressions, formulae and equations2.5 Constructing and solving equations TASK 2 Write your own equations Write an equation for each problem. Remember to define your unknown number and its letter. I started with a number, subtracted 7 and b_ I started with a number, added 6 and got 20. got 2 I started with a number, multiplied by 4nd d_I started with a number, divided by 5 and got 12. got 10. I started with a number, added 5 and then f [started with a number, multiplied by 10 and subtracted 7 and got 20. then subtracted 4 and got 86. I started with a number, subtracted it from 7 h_I started with a number, doubled it and then and got 10. subtracted the number from 10 and got 2. I started with a number, doubled it, j The sum of my two numbers is 30. subtracted 7 and got -1 The product of my two numbers is 30. 1 The difference between my two numbers is 302.6 Inequalities WRITING AND GRAPHING INEQUALITIES TASK 1 write the appropriate inequality sign and check your answer Next to each number line, write in the appropriate inequality. Use y as your variable. 432-4012 3 4 5 ao x5 o 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 =. bo x2 240123456789 © ox<7 tt do x<3 a sy P Chapter 2: Expressions, formulae and equation