AUTOMATED ALARM SYSTEM FOR BIRDS IN RICEFIELDS

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION SYSTEMS

ZAMBOANGA DEL SUR PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT COLLEGE

Pagadian City, Zamboanga Del Sur

BAGA, APRIL MAE I.

CAGUMBAY, SWEET VALIRRE VANESSA D.

MACATULAD, AURELIO JR. D.

Introduction

In this generation, everything has evolved to modern and high-technology.

Adopting new trends and innovations with greater emphasis on what you've expected,

seeing the difference between manual and technological methods. With technological

advancements in machine learning, the Internet of Things, including automatic, is very

essential, especially in creating reliable, efficient, and competent methods in agriculture

farming. In addition, bird activities are not controllable by the presence of farmers. Using

the traditional methods of deterring birds, such as scarecrows and manual inventions, is

often labor-intensive and ineffective.

Rice farming plays an important role in global food security; however, rice

farmers face significant challenges due to bird infestations that can cause intensive

damage to crops. In response to these challenges, automated alarm systems appear as a

promising technology-driven solution to protect rice fields and have the potential to

enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of deterring birds in rice fields.

The Automated Alarm System for Birds in Ricefields aims to address the issue of

bird damage to rice crops by developing a technology-driven solution. This system

utilizes Arduino microcontrollers, ultrasonic sensors, and machine learning algorithms to

detect birds’ presence and provide an alarm or loud sound to deter them in real time. This

system minimizes crop damage, reduces labor and costs associated with traditional

methods, and can be customized to meet the specific needs of different farms. By

implementing this technology, farmers can improve crop protection, enhance yields, and

increase overall productivity and profitability.

Statement of the problem

In agriculture, bird infestations are a major threat to crop yields, particularly in

rice farming. Birds are naturally attracted to the rice fields, where they can cause

extensive damage by feeding on the grains. Manual methods are no longer effective,

labor-intensive, and inefficient in deterring birds.

1. Manual monitoring challenges experiencing hardship that may result in low yield,

very hassle, ineffective, and slow deterrence action.

2. Limited accessibility and lack of real-time response. Farmers are often unaware of

bird activities from time to time until significant damage occurs and hinders to

improvement of rice grains, destroying the ripening stage.

3. Uncontrolled bird activities that result in agricultural losses for farmers, such as

bird consumption ultimately lead to reduced production costs and profit for the

farmers.

Objective of the Study

The objectives of the Automated Alarm System for Birds in Ricefields study are

to reveal the effectiveness of alarm in deterring birds and evaluating its impact or

reducing crop damage, and the behavioral responses of birds to the alarm. Furthermore,

the researchers intend to improve the farmers' manual method and evaluate the system's

functionality accessibility, and security.

1. To develop a system that enhances crop protection that effectively

safeguards crops to minimize losses due to bird damage.

 2. To develop a system that could respond quickly and be accessible at all

times without the presence of a farmer.

3. To develop a system that will help to control all bird activities to lessen

crop reduction and maintain a higher yield in harvesting crops.

Hardware Requirements and Software Requirements

Birds can cause significant damage to rice fields, reducing crop yields and leading

to financial losses for farmers. An Automated Alarm System for Birds in Ricefields

designed to deter birds can mitigate this issue by utilizing a combination of hardware and

software components. This document outlines the necessary hardware and software

requirements to develop and implement such a system effectively.

Hardware Requirements

The hardware needed to enable the system to run smoothly includes essential

components that work together to detect bird presence and activate deterrent mechanisms.

These components are reliable and suitable for outdoor agricultural environments,

ensuring continuous and effective operation.

Hardware Required Uses

Arduino Board Arduino UNO R3 A programmable open-source

microcontroller board is used

for controlling all major

operations.

Breadboard 400 holes (85*55mm) used for developing an

electronic circuit and wiring for

 projects with microcontroller

boards like Arduino.

Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 (5V) Used detects the presence of

birds based on the way the

ultrasonic waves interact with

them, providing valuable

information for monitoring the

rice fields

Servo motor MG996R (180°) Serve as the motor to rotate the

sensor (180°) with great

precision.

Buzzer/Speaker Piezo buzzer (5V) an electronic device that's used

to produce a tone, alarm, or

sound when a bird is detected.

Jumper wires male-male, male-female, used for making connections

female-female between items on the

breadboard and Arduino.

Solar panel 12V solar panel The device used that converts

sunlight into electricity

Solar charge controller 12V PWM charge Use regulates the voltage and

controller with USB port current coming from the solar

panels going to the battery and

keeps batteries from

 overcharging.

Battery 12V 10AH Li-on A sort of container that stores

energy converted from the solar

panel and serves as a backup

until needed.

DC motor gear DC MOTOR (6-12V) A round motor gear made of

metal; will help the scarecrow

to move its hands.

Software Requirement

The software needed to ensure efficient operation involves advanced algorithms

that facilitate bird detection. The software is capable of handling real-time data

processing and decision-making, to provide the most favorable performance of the alarm

system.

Software Description

Arduino IDE The Arduino IDE (Integrated

Development Environment) is used to

write the computer code and upload

this code to the physical board.

C++ The programming language utilized in

the project. This language is

fundamental for developing code for

Arduino microcontroller boards.