Consolidation Exercise 10C (P.10.

12)
1. ∵ ∠PBC = ∠BCS = 50°
∴ PQ // RS

2. ∵ ∠QBC + ∠BCS = 112° + 68°

= 180°
∴ PQ // RS

3. ∠PBD = 72°
∵ ∠RCD = ∠PBD = 72°
∴ PQ // RS

4. ∠QBD + 91° = 180°

∠QBD = 89°
∠SCD = 91°
∵ ∠QBD ≠ ∠SCD
∴ PQ is not parallel to RS.
 5. ∠PQS + ∠QSR = (52° + 70°) + 58° 11. ∵ ∠RST = ∠SRP = 67°
= 180° ∴ ST // PR (alt. ∠s equal)
∴ PQ // RS ∠UQR + ∠VRP = 113° + 67°
= 180°
6. ∠TRS + 225° = 360° ∴ UQ // VR (int. ∠s supp.)
∠TRS = 135°
∵ ∠PTR = ∠TRS = 135° 12. ∠RPS + ∠PSU = 105° + (54° + 21°)
∴ PQ // RS = 180°
∴ PR // SU (int. ∠s supp.)
7. 155° + ∠QPR + 90° = 360°
∠QPR = 115° 13. ∠ABP + 134° = 180°
∠QPR + ∠PRS = 115° + 75° ∠ABP = 46°
= 190° ∵ ∠ABP = ∠COP = 46°
∵ ∠QPR + ∠PRS ≠ 180° ∴ AB // CD (corr. ∠s equal)
∴ PQ is not parallel to RS.
14. ∵ ∠PQS = ∠PRT = 72°
8. ∠PRQ = 55° ∴ QS // RT (corr. ∠s equal)
∠QPR + ∠PRS = 65° + (∠PRQ + 60°)
= 65° + 55° + 60° 15. (a) ∵ ∠QPS = ∠PSR = 25°
= 180° ∴ PQ // RS (alt. ∠s equal)
∴ PQ // RS (b) ∠RSU + ∠SUT = 45° + 135°
= 180°
9. In △RST, ∴ RS // TU (int. ∠s supp.)
∠SRT + 120° + 30° = 180° (c) ∵ PQ // RS and RS // TU
∠SRT = 30° ∴ PQ // TU
∠QRS = 40° + ∠SRT
= 40° + 30° 16. (a) 64° + ∠XQZ + 35° = 180°
= 70° ∠XQZ = 81°
∠PQR = 80° ∠XQZ + ∠YZQ = 81° + 99°
∵ ∠QRS ≠ ∠PQR = 180°
∴ PQ is not parallel to RS. ∴ XQ // YZ (int. ∠s supp.)
(b) 279° + ∠XYZ = 360°
10. ∠RTS = 88° ∠XYZ = 81°
In △RST, ∠XYZ + ∠YZQ = 81° + 99°
36° + ∠RTS + ∠RST = 180° = 180°
36° + 88° + ∠RST = 180° ∴ XY // QZ (int. ∠s supp.)
∠RST = 56°
∠PQT = 57°
∵ ∠RST ≠ ∠PQT
∴ PQ is not parallel to RS.
17. In △ACE, Alternative
∠EAC + 70° + 65° = 180° ∠BCD = 114°
∠EAC = 45° ∠CEF + ∠DEF = 180°
∠BAC + ∠DCA ∠CEF + 66° = 180°
= (50° + ∠EAC) + (20° + 65°) ∠CEF = 114°
= 50° + 45° + 20° + 65° ∵ ∠BCD = ∠CEF = 114°
= 180° ∴ EF // BG (alt. ∠s equal)
∴ AB // CD (int. ∠s supp.)
20. (a) ∠SQU + 155° = 180°
18. ∠BED = 102° ∠SQU = 25°
∠BFE = 64° 70°+ ∠SQU + x = 180°
∠CFE = 36° + ∠BFE 70° + 25° + x = 180°
= 36° + 64° x = 85°
= 100° (b) ∠QUV + 155° + 110° = 360°
∵ ∠BED ≠ ∠CFE ∠QUV = 95°
∴ BE is not parallel to CF. ∠RQU + ∠QUV = x + 95°
Alternative = 85° + 95°
∠CBF + ∠FBE = ∠BED = 180°
64° + ∠FBE = 102° ∴ PR // UV (int. ∠s supp.)
∠FBE = 38° Alternative
∠CFB = 36° ∠PQU = ∠PQS + ∠SQU
∵ ∠FBE ≠ ∠CFB = 70° + 25°
∴ BE is not parallel to CF. = 95°
Alternative ∠QUV + 155° + 110° = 360°
∠CBE = 102° ∠QUV = 95°
In △BCF, ∵ ∠PQU = ∠QUV = 95°
∠BCF + 36° + 64° = 180° ∴ PR // UV (alt. ∠s equal)
∠BCF = 80°
∠BCF + ∠CBE = 80° + 102° 21. (a) 126° + 3x = 180°
= 182° 3x = 54°
∵ ∠BCF + ∠CBE ≠ 180° x = 18°
∴ BE is not parallel to CF. (b) ∠CBA = 90° + (x + 9°)
= 90° + 18° + 9°
19. ∠BCD = 114° = 117°
∠BCD + ∠DCG = 180° ∠DCE = 126°
114° + ∠DCG = 180° ∵ ∠CBA ≠ ∠DCE
∠DCG = 66° ∴ CE is not parallel to BA.
∵ ∠DEF = ∠DCG = 66°
∴ EF // BG (corr. ∠s equal)
22. (a) ∠ADE = 132° 24. (a) ∠PRS + 120° = 180°
∠ADE + 4y = 360° ∠PRS = 60°
132° + 4y = 360° ∠PRS + (8x + 20°) + (x + 10°) = 360°
4y = 228° 60° + 8x + 20° + x + 10° = 360°
y = 57° 9x = 270°
(b) ∠DEF = 2y x = 30°
= 2 × 57° (b) ∠SRU = x + 10°
= 114° = 30° + 10°
∠DEF + ∠EFG = 114° + 66° = 40°
= 180° ∠RUT = 2x − 20°
∴ ED // FG (int. ∠s supp.) = 2 × 30° − 20°
∵ CB // ED and ED // FG = 40°
∴ CB // FG ∵ ∠SRU = ∠RUT = 40°
∴ RS // TU (alt. ∠s equal)
23. (a) 5x = 3x + 28° ∵ PQ // RS and RS // TU
2x = 28° ∴ PQ // TU
x = 14°
(b) ∠BCD = 5x 25. Draw a straight line RU such that RU // PQ.
= 5 × 14°
= 70°
∠CDE = 10x − 30°
= 10 × 14° − 30°
= 110°
∠BCD + ∠CDE = 70° + 110°
= 180°
∴ CB // DE (int. ∠s supp.)
∵ ∠CDE = ∠DEF = 110°
∴ CD // EF (alt. ∠s equal) With the notations in the figure,
∵ AB // CD and CD // EF p = 32°
∴ AB // EF p + q = 90°
32° + q = 90°
q = 58°
∠URS = q
= 58°
∵ ∠URS = ∠RST = 58°
∴ RU // TS (alt. ∠s equal)
∵ RU // PQ and RU // TS
∴ PQ // TS
 Alternative ∵ ∠RCD = ∠CQS = 147°
Draw a straight line VR such that VR // PQ. ∴ QS // CD (corr. ∠s equal)
∵ QS // AB and QS // CD
∴ AB // CD

27. Draw a straight line CF such that CF // AB.

With the notations in the figure,

r + 32° = 180°
r = 148°
r + s + 90° = 360° With the notations in the figure,
148° + s + 90° = 360° p = 46°
s = 122° p + q + 245° = 360°
∠VRS + ∠RST = s + 58° 46° + q + 245° = 360°
= 122° + 58° q = 69°
= 180° ∠FCD + ∠CDE = q + 111°
∴ VR // TS (int. ∠s supp.) = 69° + 111°
∵ VR // PQ and VR // TS = 180°
∴ PQ // TS ∴ CF // DE (int. ∠s supp.)
∵ CF // AB and CF // DE
26. Draw a straight line QS such that QS // AB. ∴ AB // DE
Alternative
Draw a straight line GC such that GC // AB.

With the notations in the figure,

r = 134°
r + s = 281° With the notations in the figure,
134° + s = 281° r + 46° = 180°
s = 147° r = 134°
∠CQS = s r + s = 245°
= 147° 134° + s = 245°
s = 111°
∠GCD = s
= 111°
∵ ∠CDE = ∠GCD = 111°
∴ GC // DE (alt. ∠s equal)
∵ GC // AB and GC // DE
∴ AB // DE