UMBB/IGEE/Department of Power and Control Mrs RECIOUI F.Z/ Mr.

AMMAR A
EE331 Lab/ L05/2020-2021
Students’ names: Aissa Azzaz
Rania Chalabi Group: 04

Date: 09/03/2021

Experiment N°05 (PSIM Simulation)

Controlled rectifier and triggering circuit design

❖ Triggering circuit design using PSIM:

For firing angle generation, the following bloc will be used.

1. Delay angle alpha controller:

Double click on block then push help to know how it can be

used exactly.
You can adjust the frequency and the pulse width.

2. Voltage sensor:

Voltage Sensor used to synchronize the gating signal.

Double click on sensor to adjust it’s gain

3. DC source

Used for offset and used for angle in degrees.

4. Summer

Used for offset to shift the synchronize signal above zero.

5. The trigging circuit

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❖ Single phase half wave-controlled rectifier:
Connect the circuit as shown the Fig.3.1:

Fig.5.1 single-phase half wave-controlled rectifier with R load.

‒ Source Voltage: 100 V peak Value, 50Hz AC.
‒ Resistor 50Ω
‒ Firing angle α=60, α=90.
1. Connect the circuit shown in the figure
2. Display the synchronizing voltage.
3. The gate signal (output of alpha controller)
4. Display the load voltage and current waveforms on SIMVIEW.
5. Measure the load voltage and current, record the result in Table I.
6. Change the firing angle and repeat previous steps.

❖ 2nd method of firing angle generation

The second method is much simpler for fining angle generation, which is using direct plus
generator:

Pulses generator

You can adjust directly the frequency and the firing angle:

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The figure below shows the half-wave-controlled rectifier with pulse generator

Fig.5.2 single-phase half wave-controlled rectifier with R load with pulse generator.
1. Connect the circuit shown in the Fig.5.2.
2. Display the gate signal (the output of pulse generator) (α=60)
3. Display the load voltage and current waveforms on SIMVIEW.
4. Comment on the obtained results on compare them with those obtained by the first
method.
5. Add an inductor of 0.05 H in series with the resistor as shown Fig.5.3

Fig.5.3 single-phase half wave-controlled rectifier with R-L load.

6. Display the load voltage and current waveforms on SIMVIEW.
7. Measure the voltage and current and record them also in Table.1.

❖ Full wave single phase-controlled rectifier:

1. Connect the circuit shown in the Fig.5.4.

Fig.5.4 single-phase full wave-controlled rectifier with R-L load.

2. Display the gate signal (the output of pulse generator) (α=60)
3. Display the load voltage and current waveforms on SIMVIEW.
4. Add an inductor of 0.05 H in series with the resistor as shown Fig.5.3
5. Display the load voltage and current waveforms on SIMVIEW.
6. Measure the voltage and current and record them also in Table.1.
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 Table (I) Experimental results for half wave rectifier

Firing angle Load type Vload(dc) Vload(rms) Iload (dc) F.F F.F

α=60 R 23.78 44.76 0.48 1.88 1.59

α=90 R 15.82 35.21 0.32 2.23 1.99

α=60 R-L 23.13 45.00 0.46 1.95 1.67

α=90 R-L 15.18 35.56 0.30 2.34 2.12

Table (I) Experimental results for full wave rectifier

Firing angle Load type Vload(dc) Vload(rms) Iload (dc) F.F F.F

α=60 R 47.73 63.41 0.95 1.33 0.87

α=90 R 31.83 50.00 0.64 1.57 1.21

α=60 R-L 46.29 63.64 0.93 1.37 0.94

α=90 R-L 30.39 50.29 0.61 1.66 1.32

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Graphs:

❖ Single phase half wave-controlled rectifier:

Plot 1.1 The synchronizing and gate signals with α = 60°

Plot 1.2 The load voltage and current waveforms with α = 60°

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 Plot 1.3 The synchronizing and gate signals with α = 90°

Plot 1.4 The load voltage and current waveforms with α = 90°

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 ❖ 2nd method of firing angle generation:

Plot 2.1 The gate signal obtained using a pulse generator and α = 60°

Plot 2.2 The load voltage and current waveforms obtained using the pulse generator and α = 60°

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Plot 2.3 The controlled HWR load voltage and current waveforms with an RL load

❖ Full wave single phase-controlled rectifier:

Plot 3.1 The gates signal’s of the controlled single phase FWBR with α = 60°

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Plot 3.2 The load voltage and current waveforms of the controlled single phase FWBR with α = 60° and R load

Plot 3.3 The load voltage and current waveforms of the controlled single phase FWBR with α = 60° and RL load

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The Thyristor (SCR) starts to conduct only when it’s forward biased and a pulse signal has
been applied to its gate.
It keeps conducting until it is backward biased or the current flowing through it is smaller
than the holding current.

The single-phase half wave rectifier utilizes only one thyristor which conducts only during the
positive half cycle of the source voltage along a pulse being applied to its gate. The source of
the gate signal doesn’t affect the operation of the SCR but it should be carefully synchronized
with the triggering level. Adding a series inductor to the resistive load reduces the DC
component of the output voltage but it provides more conduction duration.
Increasing the triggering angle results in a decreased output dc voltage because the SCR
would conduct for a smaller duration and hence the load current would be also decreased.

Using a single-phase full bridge rectifier results in a much higher dc voltage at the output and
increased dc current but this comes at the cost of utilizing 4 thyristors and the need of a
delayed version of the gate triggering signal.

Conclusion:

In this simulation experiment, we investigated the operation of the thyristor (SCR) and how
we could design a gate triggering circuit at a block diagram level. We also acknowledged the
use of SCRs in building single phase rectifiers and how the triggering angle affects the load
voltage and current of the rectifier depending on the load characteristic and impedance and
the type of the used rectifier.

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