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DOI: 10.48047/IJIEMR/V11/SPL ISSUE 06/36

Title Smart System Sensor Network for Building Monitoring

Volume 11, SPL ISSUE 06, Pages: 198-202

Paper Authors

Allanki Sanyasi Rao, J Rajeshwari, Rohith Nalla, P Divyasri, M Manisha

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Vol 11 Spl Issue 06, Jul 2022 ISSN 2456 – 5083 www.ijiemr.org
 Smart System Sensor Network for Building
Monitoring
Allanki Sanyasi Rao1, J Rajeshwari2, Rohith Nalla3, P Divyasri4, M Manisha5
1
Associate Professor, Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Balaji Institute of Technology & Science,
Narsampet, Warangal, Telangana, India
2,3,4,5
UG Student, Dept. of Electronics & Communication Engineering, Balaji Institute of Technology & Science, Narsampet,
Warangal, Telangana, India

ABSTRACT

Analyzing the stability of the building is needed in

measurement process for all buildings in the Cities
Earthquake damage & structural behavior of the building
can be monitoring using low power sensor network an
applications of wireless sensor networking monitoring
and controlling of energy in residential and commercial
buildings. In addition to that we are developing fire
sensor, gas sensor network to detect and to alert the
people who were inside the buildings, alert message to
nearby hospitals, ambulances, police stations at the time
of emergency cases like earthquake, firing, gas leakage
occurring in the building accelerometer, vibration sensors
are used to monitor and detect the damages occurred in
the building communication is established between
transmitter and receiverbasestationis through mobile
station.
Fig.1.Network Architecture of the Monitoring
Key words: Accelerometer sensor, Micro electro
System.
mechanical system (MEMS), strain sensor.
The microprocessor-based system is built for
I.INTRODUCTION controlling a function or range of functions and is
not designed to be programmed by the enduserin the
Now a days due to environmental disorders and someway a PC is defined as an embedded system.
man-made hazards building can be subjected to An embedded system is designed to perform one
damage during their operational life time due to particular task albeit with different choices and
seismic events, unforeseen foundation settlements at options.
the same time due to material aging, design error are
occurred in tall buildings and high-cost buildings Embedded systems contain processing cores that are
and more human lives are lost [4]. This can be either micro controllers or digital signal processors.
avoided by monitoring the buildings periodically and Micro controllers are generally known as "chip",
update to the people who wants is the key step to which may itself be packaged with other micro
guarantee an adequate level of safety and controllers in a hybrid system of Application
serviceability to get detailed information about the Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC).
change in the seismic events [6]. Possibilities
outreaching of fire, gas leakage separate equipment An embedded system is a combination of both
is essentially needed and they must install to the hardware and software, each embedded system is
buildings here to detect the earthquake unique and the hardware is highly specialized in the
accelerometer, detect the possibilities out breaking application domain. Hardware consists of
of fire and gas leakage, fire and gas sensors install processors, microcontroller, IR sensors etc. On the
the modules [9]. To measure settlement and plastic other hand, Software is just like a brain of the whole
hinge activation after an earthquake the vibration embedded system as this consists of the
sensors are used at lowest level of the building. programming languages used which makes hardware

Vol 11 Spl Issue 06, Jul 2022 ISSN 2456 – 5083 Page 198
work. As a result, embedded systems programming mobile app wirelessly. Inside the mobile station is
can be a widely varying experience. inserted. Main advantage of using mobile app is
more detailed information could be conveyed from
the structural behavior as well as the actual
3D accelerometer sensor is placed at each floor of
condition of the building structure.
the building to measure horizontal acceleration
during an earthquake Fire and gas sensors which are
placed in each level of the building to detect the
smoke and fire that affect the building.
LCDmodulecanbeplacedatthetopofthebuildingtosho
wwarningmessageswhensmoke and fire rises the
data from sensor networks is transmit to receiving
base station (mobile station) through wirelessly
inside the mobile station Main advantage of
usingmobileappismoredetailedinformationcouldbeco
nveyedfromthestructuralbehavioraswell as the actual
condition of the building structure.

2. EXISTING SYSTEM

Nowadaysduetoenvironmentaldisordersandman-
madehazardsbuildingcan be subjected to damage
during their operational life time due to seismic
events,unforeseenfoundationsettlements.Atthesameti
meduetomaterialaging,designerror is occurred in tall
buildings and high-cost buildings and more human
lives are lost.

Existing systems were developed using complete

hardware modules like GSM, GPS etc and manual Figure 1: Block diagram of the proposed method
operating system. It is very difficult to carry if the
handling system is bulky. Processing System

3. PROPOSEDMETHOD A data processing system is a combination of

machines, processes and people that for a set of
Internet of Things (IoT) is the new model, which input produces defined set of outputs. The inputs
comprises a large number of intelligent objects and and outputs are interpreted as data, facts,
smart devices that communicate with each other information depending on the interpreter’s relation
over the internet. In several areas, IoT devices are
used that make the daily routine of users easier. to the system. Node MCU unit is used to process the
Here to detect the earthquake accelerometer and information coming from the sensor networks and
vibration sensor modules are used, to detect the produce the output. Finally this output will be
possibilities out breaking of fire and gas leakage, transmitted to the mobile station.
fire and gas sensor modules are installed
respectively to measure settlement and plastic hinge Sensor Architecture
activation after an earth quake the vibration sensors
MEMS sensor modules are used to monitor the
are used at lowest level of the building.
building structure Rain (vibration) sensing module
3D accelerometer sensor is placed at each floor of and acceleration sensing module. The vibration and
the building to measure horizontal acceleration accelerometer sensor is combining called as MEMS
during an earthquake Fire and gas sensors which are sensor.
placed in each level of the building to detect the A main challenge for the designing of given
smoke and fire that affect the building LCD module accelerometer is the sensitivity-bandwidth linearity
can be placed at the top of the building to show
warning messages when smoke and fire rises. The in all three axes. The data coming out from this
data from sensor networks is transmitting to sensor is analog in nature, by using ADC; the output
receiving base station (mobile station) through of accelerometer is converted into digital and

Vol 11 Spl Issue 06, Jul 2022 ISSN 2456 – 5083 Page 199
converted output is passed to microcontroller. The
Rain sensor is a longitudinal combination finger
capacitor. It operates on the principle that as the foil
is subjected to stress, the resistance of the foil
changes in a defined way. The module makes use of
fire sensor and comparator to detect fire up to a
range of 1 meter that Gas sensor can be placed at the
each level of the building to measure gas leakage.
They are used in gas leakage detecting equipment in
family and industry, are suitable for detecting of
LPG, natural gas avoids the noise of alcohol and
cooking fumes and cigarette smoke. Figure: Smart Building Circuit Setup

Wireless System

An efficient and greater awareness of the commercial

buildings like hotels, schools, hospitals, industries
etc. is needed for the people. The sensor network
which cansense the natural calamities occurring in the
environment and transmits the data wirelessly to
nearby base Mobile Station. Multi-hop network
architecture is used in order to form a forceful
wireless communication link from all sensor modules
including strain sensor, fire and gas sensor. A router
module can be placed at the roof of the building to
forward the data between the sensor networks and the
receiver base station. To improve the vertical floor-
to-floor propagation it is necessary to place router
close to staircase of the building.
4. SOFTWARE USED:

The software used by the Arduino is Arduino IDE.

Arduino IDE is a cross-platform application written
in Java, and is derived from the IDE for the
Processing programming language and the Wiring
project. It is designed to introduce programming to
artists and other newcomers unfamiliar with
software development. It includes a code editor with
features such as syntax highlighting, brace
matching, and automatic indentation, and is also
capable of compiling and uploading programs to the
board with a single click. There is typically no need
to edit make files or run programs on command.

5. RESULTS

Figure: Setup for Earthquake Sensing

Vol 11 Spl Issue 06, Jul 2022 ISSN 2456 – 5083 Page 200
 (IJAREEIE), ISSN:2278-8875 Vol 4, Issue:8, August 2015, PP:
7228-7234.
[5] P. Chandrasekar and T. Sangeetha, “Smart shopping cart
with automatic billing system through RFID and Zigbee”, Int.
Conf. Information Communication and Embedded Systems
(ICICES), pp. 1-4, India, Feb.2017.
[6] Dr.Nookala Venu, Dr.A.ArunKumar and Karthik Kumar
Vaigandla. Review of Internet of Things (IoT) for Future
Generation Wireless Communications. International Journal for
Modern Trends in Science and Technology 2022, 8(03), pp. 01-
08.
[7] IoT Based Smart Shopping Using radio frequency
identification by MobeenShahroz, Muhammad FaheemMushtaq,
Maqsood Ahmad, SaleemUllah, ArifMehmood , and Gyu Sang
Choi -2020.
[8] Corona virus: Haryana Govt orders shops and offices to
remain shut on weekends except the shops selling essential
goods published on TIMES NOW NEWS by AmarnathYatra in
August 2020.
[9] Dr.Nookala Venu, Karthik Kumar Vaigandla,
Dr.A.ArunKumar, “Investigations of Internet of Things (IoT):
Technologies, Challenges and Applications in healthcare”,
International Journal of Research (IJR), ISSN: 2236-6124,
Volume XI, Issue II, Feb 2022, PP: 143-153.
[10] How Covid-19 impacts Shopping in day-to-day life-BBC
by AnnaRahmanan in July 2020.
[11] How has Covid - 19 pandemic impacted the buying habits
of consumers? By Hemanisheth Mumbai-The Hindu sept-2020.
[12] Nagaraj, Naveenprabu, Jagadesh, Mahalakshmi published
robust low-cost passive UHF RFID based smart shopping trolley
in 2020.
[13] H. Ananda Kumar and K. Umamaheswari, “A bio-inspired
swarm intelligence technique for social aware cognitive radio
handovers,” Computers & Electrical Engineering, vol. 71, pp.
925-937, Oct. 2018.
[14] P.C. Warule, GavhanePratiksha S, GhorpadeRutuja V,
Joshi Prasad V, RFID, ZigBee and GSM Based Automatic
Billing Trolley for Shopping Mall”. International Journal of
Research in Advent Technology, Vol.6, No.3, March 2018, E-
Figure: Setup for Leakage of Gas with Gas Senso ISSN: 2321- 9637.
[15] K. Gogila Devi, T.A. Karthik, N. KalaiSelvi, K. Nandhini,
Building monitoring takes advantage of low power S. Priya, “Smart Shopping Trolley Using RFID Based on
IoT,” International Journal of Innovative Research in
enhanced reconfigure ability, more secure data, to Computer and Communication Engineering. Vol. 5, Issue 3,
realize a solution which offers long battery lifetime 2017.
and potentially low cost in manufacturing, [16] IoT application on secure Smart Shopping system by
installation and maintenance, while providing high- Ruinian Li, Tianyi Song, Nicholas Capurso, Jiguo Yu, Jason
Couture, and Xiuzhen Cheng – 2017.
quality sensor data at the right time and large [17] 3S Cart: You-Chiun Wang and Chang-Chen Yang‘s “Light
number of human lives are saved. weight interactive Sensor based cart for smart shopping in super
market” in 2016.
[18] S. Sojitral and R. G. Patel, "A Review of Smart Shopping
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