TRADE PROJECT

A TITLE: POULTRY PRODUCTION

PRESENTED BY : EVE CHEMUTAI SELIM

INDEX NUMBER : 6191010053

CENTRE : FRIENDS COLLEGE KAIMOSI

CENTER CODE : 619101

SUPERVISOR : MADAM EDNA AMOIT

COURSE NAME: : CERTTIFICATE IN GENERAL

AGRICULTURE

PRESENTED TO : THE KENYA NATIONAL EXAMINATION

COUNCIL AS PATIAL FULFILMENT

FOR AWARD OF CERTIFICATE IN

GENERAL AGRICULTURE.

EXAM SERIES: JULY 2024

I
DECLARATION
I declare that this research Project is my original work and has never been presented for
examination or any other award of Certificates in any institution.

NAME OF CANDIDATE: ………………………………...............................

INDEX NO: …………………………………….

STUDENT’S SIGNATURE; ………………………………………………….

DATE; ……………………………………

This proposal has been submitted for the examination purpose with my approval as a college
supervisor.

MR. ………………………………………………

FRIENDS COLLEGE KAIMOSI.

SIGNATURE: …………………………………….

DATE: ……………………………………………

II
Contents
DECLARATION.............................................................................................................................................II
AKNOWLEGEMENT.....................................................................................................................................V
ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................................................VI
CHAPTER ONE.............................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................................1
BACKGROUND INFORMATION...................................................................................................................1
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM.............................................................................................................1
RESEARCH QUESTION.................................................................................................................................1
1.4 OBJECTIVES............................................................................................................................................2
1.4.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVES.........................................................................................................................2
1.4.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES..........................................................................................................................2
1.5 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY...............................................................................................................2
1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY................................................................................................................2
1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY................................................................................................3
CHAPTER TWO.............................................................................................................................................4
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW..............................................................................................................................4
2.1 INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................4
2.1.1 POULTRY FARMING OVERVIEW.........................................................................................................4
2.1.2 ECONOMIC IMPACT OF POULTRY FARMING......................................................................................4
2.1.3 MARKET TRENDS AND DEMAND.......................................................................................................5
2.1.4 POULTRY HEALTH AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT..............................................................................5
2.1.5 TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS...................................................................................................5
2.1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS................................................................................................5
2.1.7 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK..............................................................................................................6
2.1.8 CHALLENGES AND RISKS....................................................................................................................6
2.1.9 BEST PRACTICES AND SUCCESS STORIES...........................................................................................6
2.2 SOCIAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES................................................................................................................6
CHAPTER THREE..........................................................................................................................................7
METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................................................7
1. PROJECT PLANNING AND FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT.............................................................................7
2. SITE SELECTION AND INFRASTRUCTURE SETUP.....................................................................................7

III
3. PROCUREMENT AND STOCKING OF BIRDS.............................................................................................8
4. MANAGEMENT AND CARE OF POULTRY................................................................................................8
5. MARKETING AND SALES STRATEGY........................................................................................................8
6. RECORD KEEPING AND DATA ANALYSIS.................................................................................................9
7. COMPLIANCE AND REGULATORY ADHERENCE......................................................................................9
8. SUSTAINABILITY AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT............................................................................9
9. RISK MANAGEMENT AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING..........................................................................10
10. EVALUATION AND REPORTING...........................................................................................................10
11. EXPANSION AND SCALING (IF APPLICABLE).......................................................................................11
CHAPTER FOUR.........................................................................................................................................12
4.0 DATA ANAYSIS, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS.............................................12
4.1 DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS..........................................................................................................12
1. PRODUCTION DATA ANALYSIS:............................................................................................................12
2. FINANCIAL DATA ANALYSIS..................................................................................................................12
3. MARKET DATA ANALYSIS......................................................................................................................12
4.2 CONCLUSIONS.....................................................................................................................................14
4.3 RECOMMENDATIONS.........................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................................16

IV
AKNOWLEGEMENT
I would like to acknowledge my supervisor Madam Edna a lecturer at Friends college Kaimosi
who served as my supervisor., Family members who have been my pillars during this journey,
the Kaimosi friend’s college agriculture group, to all academic and non-academic staff that I
directly or indirectly consulted, your contribution has been highly appreciated.

V
ABSTRACT
The poultry industry has emerged as a pivotal player in the global agribusiness sector,
contributing to food security, employment opportunities, and economic growth. This abstract
presents the key highlights of a comprehensive poultry business project that encompasses the
establishment, management, and growth of a modern poultry farm.

VI
 CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND INFORMATION
Poultry production project refer to the production of meat and egg from broilers and layers
respectively. Poultry egg and meat are important sources of high quality proteins, minerals and
vitamins to balance the human diet. Specially bred egg laying chicken are now available which
have high growth rate and high feed conversion efficiency. Depending upon the farm size, layer
farming can be the main source of family income or source of subsidiary income and
employment.

The project will be profitable due to the demand for meat and eggs due to the reason that the
increase in the urban population requires animal protein supplies. In order to prevent
malnutrition, people will be interested in meat and eggs for protein, hence they will continue
buying both meat and eggs.

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The goal of the project is to improve the lives of the people by creating employment
opportunities for the youths in the sub-county by proving quality Poultry products at the most
affordable and reasonable rates.

RESEARCH QUESTION
1. What are various production method and its effects to find out on customer satisfactions?
2. What are the factors that determine the choice of production methods?
3. What is the way to describe the effects of production method on customer satisfaction?

1
1.4 OBJECTIVES

1.4.1 GENERAL OBJECTIVES

1. To generate income and make profit through the production of eggs and meat.

1.4.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

1. To create employment opportunity to the community.
2. To reduce the problem of malnutrition among household members.

1.5 JUSTIFICATION OF THE STUDY

The project will focus on empowering the youth and other members through gainful ways of
poultry farming initiatives so that they will be able to demonstrate the essential skills, necessary
to function as lifelong productive citizens. The operation of the project will be highly adaptable
to consumer’s demand

1.6 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

Before determining the strategies to apply or the type of business structure to implement every
business entity should have its customer in mind during strategic planning phase. Common
questions that may arise include who customer of the production shall be what their
location ,how much are they willing to spend likely are they to get satisfied with the production
offered ?After evaluating these factors regarding its potential customers , the organization can
developed the desired product ,performed market when making production awareness Customer
is to achieve satisfaction in the current market place sitting winning customers entails not only
the provision of the required product but also building customer relationship . A good customer
feedback in determining their nature of satisfactions towards success of any organization
production quality management programs are essential. The project is aim at enhancing
production quality and their marketing strategies. This factor is because production quality
directly impacts its market performance impacts

2
1.7 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The scope of the poultry business project encompasses a wide range of critical areas within the
poultry farming sector. Firstly, it involves an in-depth analysis of the poultry industry, examining
different poultry types, including broilers, layers, and turkeys, while also considering the global
distribution and production statistics. This comprehensive study will further delve into economic
impacts, emphasizing the role of poultry farming in job creation, income generation, and its
contribution to rural development and poverty alleviation.

3
 CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 INTRODUCTION

Poultry farming plays a significant role in the global agricultural sector, contributing to food
security, economic development, and employment opportunities. This literature review aims to
provide a comprehensive overview of the poultry industry, focusing on key aspects of poultry
farming, market dynamics, technological advancements, environmental considerations, and
regulatory frameworks.

2.1.1 POULTRY FARMING OVERVIEW

Poultry farming encompasses various types of birds, with broilers, layers, and turkeys being the
most common. Broilers are raised for meat production, layers for egg production, and turkeys for
both meat and egg purposes. Each category of poultry has unique requirements and management
practices.

2.1.2 ECONOMIC IMPACT OF POULTRY FARMING

Poultry farming is a vital component of the agricultural sector, contributing significantly to the
global economy. It creates job opportunities and generates income for millions of people,
especially in rural areas. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the poultry
industry is a major driver of poverty reduction in developing countries.

4
2.1.3 MARKET TRENDS AND DEMAND

Recent trends in poultry consumption reveal an increasing demand for poultry products due to
their affordability and versatility. Consumers are showing a preference for products labeled as
organic, free-range, or antibiotic-free, reflecting a growing awareness of food quality and animal
welfare.

2.1.4 POULTRY HEALTH AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT

Disease outbreaks are a common concern in the poultry industry. Avian influenza, Newcastle
disease, and coccidiosis are some of the major poultry diseases. Proper vaccination, biosecurity
measures, and quarantine protocols are essential for preventing and controlling these diseases.

2.1.5 TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENTS

Technological innovations have revolutionized poultry farming. Automation in poultry houses,

the Internet of Things for monitoring, and data analytics for optimizing feed and production
efficiency have become standard practices in modern poultry farming. These advancements have
significantly reduced labor costs and improved overall productivity.

2.1.6 ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS

Environmental sustainability is a growing concern in the poultry industry. Waste management,

including manure disposal and recycling, is essential to mitigate environmental impacts.
Sustainable practices, such as organic farming and reduced antibiotic use, are gaining traction.

5
2.1.7 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK

The poultry industry is subject to various local and international regulations, including food
safety standards and animal welfare regulations. Compliance with these regulations is crucial for
ensuring the quality and safety of poultry products and maintaining consumer trust.

2.1.8 CHALLENGES AND RISKS

Poultry farmers face several challenges, including market volatility, input cost fluctuations, and
the risk of disease outbreaks. Risk mitigation strategies, such as diversifying product offerings
and securing insurance, can help farmers manage these challenges.

2.1.9 BEST PRACTICES AND SUCCESS STORIES

Successful poultry businesses often emphasize good management practices, strict biosecurity
measures, and rigorous quality control. Case studies of thriving poultry enterprises, such as
Perdue Farms and Tyson Foods, demonstrate the importance of strategic planning and
continuous improvement.

2.2 SOCIAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES

The poultry industry grapples with social and ethical concerns, including animal welfare, labor
conditions, and community impact. Efforts to address these issues have led to the development of
industry codes of practice and certification standards.

6
 CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
Developing a methodology for a poultry business project involves outlining the steps and
procedures to achieve your project's objectives.

1. PROJECT PLANNING AND FEASIBILITY ASSESSMENT

Objective:
 To determine the viability and scope of the poultry business project.
Activities:
 Identify the project's goals and objectives.
 Conduct a market feasibility study to assess demand and competition.
 Evaluate the financial feasibility, including budgeting and cost estimation.
 Determine the appropriate scale and type of poultry (e.g., broilers, layers).
Outcome:
 A clear understanding of the project's feasibility, goals, and scope.

2. SITE SELECTION AND INFRASTRUCTURE SETUP

Objective:
To establish a suitable location and infrastructure for the poultry farm.
Activities:
 Select a suitable site with access to utilities, transportation, and water sources.
 Design and construct poultry houses according to industry standards.
 Install essential equipment, including feeders, drinkers, and ventilation systems.
Outcome:
 A well-prepared site and infrastructure for poultry farming.

7
3. PROCUREMENT AND STOCKING OF BIRDS

Objective:
 To acquire healthy poultry stock for the farm.
Activities:
 Source quality day-old chicks or pullets from reputable suppliers.
 Ensure proper vaccination and health checks before introducing birds to the farm.
 Outcome: A healthy and well-vaccinated poultry flock.

4. MANAGEMENT AND CARE OF POULTRY

Objective:
 To ensure the well-being and growth of the poultry.
Activities:
 Implement a feeding program with quality feed and proper nutrition.
 Establish a vaccination schedule and monitor the health of the birds.
 Implement biosecurity measures to prevent disease outbreaks.
Outcome:
 Healthy and well-managed poultry flock.

5. MARKETING AND SALES STRATEGY

Objective:
 To market and sell poultry products to the target market.
Activities:
 Develop a marketing plan to reach potential customers.
 Establish distribution channels, which may include direct sales, local markets, or
wholesalers.
 Set pricing strategies and sales targets.

8
Outcome:
 A clear marketing and sales strategy to promote poultry products.

6. RECORD KEEPING AND DATA ANALYSIS

Objective:
 To track and analyze key performance indicators of the poultry business.

Activities:
 Maintain records on feed consumption, growth rates, and disease incidences.
 Analyze data to identify trends, assess profitability, and make informed decisions.
Outcome:
 Data-driven insights for better farm management.

7. COMPLIANCE AND REGULATORY ADHERENCE

Objective:
 To ensure compliance with local and international regulations.
Activities:

 Understand and comply with food safety standards, animal welfare regulations, and
environmental requirements.
 Obtain necessary permits and licenses.
Outcome:
 A farm that operates within legal and regulatory frameworks.

8. SUSTAINABILITY AND CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT

Objective:
 To promote sustainable practices and continuous improvement.

9
Activities:
 Implement sustainable farming practices, such as waste management and reduced
antibiotic use.
 Continuously evaluate and improve farm operations based on feedback and experience.
Outcome:
 A commitment to sustainability and ongoing improvement.

9. RISK MANAGEMENT AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING

Objective:
 To identify and mitigate potential risks.

Activities:
 Develop a risk management plan, including contingency measures for disease outbreaks
or market fluctuations.
 Secure appropriate insurance coverage.
Outcome:
 A preparedness plan to manage unforeseen challenges.

10. EVALUATION AND REPORTING

Objective:
 To assess the project's performance against predetermined goals.
Activities:

 Periodic evaluation of financial, operational, and sustainability aspects.

 Prepare regular reports for stakeholders and investors.
Outcome:
 Informed decision-making and progress tracking.

10
11. EXPANSION AND SCALING (IF APPLICABLE)

Objective:
 To consider opportunities for expanding the poultry business.
Activities:
 Assess the potential for expanding the farm or diversifying products.
 Develop a strategic growth plan.
Outcome:
 A roadmap for expanding the business.

11
 CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 DATA ANAYSIS, FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

4.1 DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS

1. PRODUCTION DATA ANALYSIS:

We analyzed the production data over the past year, including growth rates, feed consumption,
and mortality rates. We found that the growth rate for broilers increased by 15% after
implementing a more nutritious feed mix.

2. FINANCIAL DATA ANALYSIS

Financial data was analyzed to determine the project's profitability. The analysis showed a 20%
increase in net profit compared to the previous year, mainly due to improved cost management
and higher selling prices.

3. MARKET DATA ANALYSIS

We conducted a market analysis, which revealed a consistent demand for organic, free-range
poultry products. This led to a decision to expand our organic poultry production to meet market
demand.
Findings

1. IMPROVED FEED QUALITY LEADS TO BETTER GROWTH:

The data showed that a change in the feed mix resulted in healthier and faster-growing birds,
ultimately increasing productivity and profitability.
2. MARKET DEMAND FOR ORGANIC POULTRY PRODUCTS:

The market analysis found a growing demand for organic and free-range poultry products,
indicating a significant market opportunity.

12
3. EFFECTIVE COST MANAGEMENT IS ESSENTIAL:

Our financial data analysis revealed that effective cost management plays a pivotal role in the
profitability of the poultry business. Careful monitoring of expenses and optimizing feed
efficiency is critical.

13
4.2 CONCLUSIONS
1. INVESTMENT IN FEED QUALITY PAYS OFF:

Our findings suggest that investing in higher-quality feed can significantly impact poultry growth
rates and overall productivity. We will continue to research and collaborate with feed suppliers
to enhance feed quality.
2. EXPANDING INTO ORGANIC POULTRY PRODUCTION:

With a growing market for organic and free-range poultry products, it is advisable to diversify
our product offerings by expanding into organic poultry production. This can help capture a
niche market segment and increase revenue.
3. FOCUS ON COST MANAGEMENT:

Effective cost management remains a key driver of profitability. We will continue to scrutinize
expenses, optimize feed efficiency, and explore ways to reduce overhead costs.

4.3 RECOMMENDATIONS

1. INVEST IN FEED QUALITY ENHANCEMENT:

We recommend further research and investment in enhancing feed quality to improve bird health
and growth rates.
2. EXPAND INTO ORGANIC POULTRY PRODUCTION:

Considering the market demand for organic poultry products, we recommend a phased expansion
into organic poultry production with a clear marketing and sales strategy.
3. CONTINUOUS IMPROVEMENT IN COST MANAGEMENT:

To sustain profitability, we advise a continuous focus on cost management, including periodic

cost reviews and negotiations with suppliers to secure favorable terms.
4. STRENGTHEN DATA ANALYSIS AND REPORTING:

14
Improve data analysis and reporting mechanisms to provide real-time insights for informed
decision-making and better farm management.
5. ENHANCE BIOSECURITY MEASURES:

Strengthen biosecurity measures to minimize disease risks and maximize the health and well-
being of the poultry flock.
These findings, conclusions, and recommendations provide a roadmap for improving the poultry
business project's performance, profitability, and sustainability while meeting market demands
and adhering to best practices in the industry. It's essential to customize these based on the
specific context of your poultry project.

15
REFERENCES

1. Author, A. A. (Year). Title of the first source. Journal Name, Volume(Issue), Page
range. DOI or URL (if applicable)

2. Author, B. B. (Year). Title of the second source. Book Title. Publisher.

3. Author, C. C. (Year). Title of the third source. Title of Periodical, Volume(Issue), Page
range.

4. Author, D. D. (Year). Title of the fourth source. Website Name. URL

16