Lesson Plan (LP)

DLP No.:1 Learning Area: SCIENCE Grade Level: Quarter: 2nd Duration: 1hr
6
Explain how the organs of the digestive system work together. Date: March 2023
Learning
Competency/ies: Code: S6LT-IIc-d-
2
Key Concepts/ The digestive system and its interaction with the circulatory, respiratory, and excretory
Understanding to systems in providing the body with nutrients for energy.
be Developed
Knowledge Identify the different parts and functions of the digestive
Learning system
Objectives Skills Trace the flow of the food in the digestive system
Attitude Recognize the importance of taking care of our digestive
system
Values Perform productivity through the series of activities
Content Digestive System

Learning Activity sheets, Pictures, Instructional Materials/Visual Aids, Powerpoint Presentation,

Resources Projector/LED screen
Procedures

Entry  Opening Prayer

 Greetings
 Checking attendance
 Setting of Standards
 Energizer (The Monkey Dance)

Introductory The teacher will show a human torso illustration and pictures of the different parts and
Activity organs of the body and lets the learners identify and name each of the body parts and
(10 minutes) human organs. The teacher will ask to the learners to guess what body system is
responsible for digestion of food.

The teacher presents the key terms for the digestive system: mouth, tongue, teeth,
salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, small intestines, large intestines, rectum, and
anus.
Activity/Strategy The teacher will have an activity. Each learners will be provided with material.
(5 minutes)
Activity No. 1

Cracker in the Mouth

Material : Bread pan/ breadstick/ cracker/ biscuit

Instruction:

Teacher gives each learner a piece of bread pan/ breadstick/ cracker and tells them to
take a bite. Ask them not to chew the cracker; just hold it in their mouth for 10 seconds.
Then, chew later if it’s difficult to swallow still.

Analysis Oral Questioning. The teacher will ask follow-up questions based by the given activity.
( 5 minutes)
Process Questions:
1. What happened to the cracker when it’s inside your mouth?
-Nothing happened to the bread pan/ breadstick/ cracker/ biscuit inside my mouth.
-The bread pan/ breadstick/ cracker/ biscuit did not break inside my mouth.
2. What does it feel like initially? What did you taste?
-The bread pan/ breadstick/ cracker/ biscuit feels hard.
3. What does it feel after 10 seconds in your mouth?
-The bread pan/ breadstick/ cracker/ biscuit became soft.
4. Why did it start to get softer? What it feels like when you chew it?
-Because the bread pan/ breadstick/ cracker/ biscuit was soaked by our salivary juices.
-It so easy to chew because the biscuit is soft.
5. Have you experienced difficulty in swallowing your food without chewing it
properly?
-No.
- We experience difficulty in swallowing food if the food is hard so we chew and grind
our food using our teeth.
6.Why do you think Digestive System is important?
- Digestive System is important because we get energy and nutrients from the food we
eat through the process of digestion.
Abstraction The teacher will show a video clip to the class. (https://www.youtube.com/watch?
(15 minutes) v=Og5xAdC8EUI)
 Digestion of food begins in the mouth as the teeth grind up and turns food into
small pieces with the help of the saliva. Our activity in eating the cracker shows how
the saliva in our mouth lubricates and softens the food we ate. The mouth contains the
teeth which break down the food into smaller pieces. The tongue is a muscular organ
that mixes food with saliva and aids in swallowing food. The duct of the salivary glands
secretes saliva that lubricate the food and the palate that forms the roofing of the mouth.
The Esophagus receives food from the mouth and carries food into the stomach.
Epiglottis is a small flap that folds over our windpipe as we swallow to prevent us from
choking. During swallowing, the bolus is conveyed by the esophagus into the stomach
via wavelike contraction and relaxation of involuntary muscle which is called
peristalsis.
Bolus is a small rounded mass of chewed food at the moment of swallowing. The
stomach is a muscular sac that actually churns, mashes, mixes food, and adds special
chemicals, or gastric juices to the bolus. The stomach is a pear-shaped organ that is
about 30.5 cm long and 15.2 wide, the bolus that enters the stomach will convert to
semi-fluid partially digested food called Chyme. The Chyme enters the small intestines.
Small intestine is considered as the organ of complete digestion and absorption,
it is considered as the longest organ of the digestive system. Food does not pass through
the liver, gall bladder and pancreas. They are accessory organs of the digestive
system. The small intestine signals the pancreas to produce pancreatic juice, and the
gall bladder to release bile. Pancreatic juices aid in the digestion of protein and
carbohydrates and the bile is responsible to break down fats. Liver produces bile, breaks
down fat, and removes toxins. Gall bladder stores the bile that the liver produces.
Pancreas produces enzymes that help break down foods. The small intestines digest and
absorb proteins, fats and carbohydrates. While the large intestines absorb salt and
water from food. It stores the fecal materials, absorbs the vitamins, and reabsorbs the
water from the undigested residue.
Large intestine connects the small intestines to the rectum. Stool or waste left
over from the digestive process is passed through the colon by means of peristalsis. The
stool or undigested residue or the feces will be stored in the Rectum and then excrete to
the Anus.

There are various ways on how to take care of our Digestive System.
1. Eat healthy foods
2. Drink plenty of water
3. Exercise regularly
4. Eat fiber rich food
5. Avoid smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages

Process Questions:

1. In summary, what are the organs that composed the digestive tract?
-MES-SI-LI-RAn (Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small Intestine, Large Intestine,
Rectum and Anus)

2. What are the accessory organs in the digestive system?

-LPG-SG (Liver, Pancreas, Gallbladder, Salivary Glands)

3. How does food move through esophagus?

- the food moves through the process of peristalsis.

4. What are the functions of the organs of the digestive system?

-They are responsible for breakdown and absorption of nutrients from food by bringing
energy to the body.
 5. What do you think will happen if one part is not well-functioning?
-The process of digestion would not be possible.

Application The teacher will divide the class into three (3) groups. The groups will be provided with
( 10 minutes) activity sheets. After 10 minutes, the learners will choose their representative to present
their output.

Group 1 – the learners will label the parts and give the functions of each part of the
digestive system using a diagram and literature.

Group 2 – the learners will identify each picture card of the organs and parts of the
human digestive system and give their functions with the help of literature.

Group 3 - the learners will loop as many words (organs) associated with the digestive
system and explain the functions of the human digestive system.
Assessment The teacher will conduct an Independent Performance Task.
(7 minutes)
Paper and Pen Test: Match Me Right!
Match the description of functions in Column A to their respective organs in the
digestive system in Column B. Write the letter on the space provided before each item.

Column A Column B
__1. Stores the stool from the colon A. Esophagus
__2. Propels or pushes food to the stomach B. Anus
__3. Ingests and chews food C. Small intestine
__4. Absorbs breakdown products of D. Stomach
carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, E. Large intestine
and nucleic acids F. Mouth
G. Rectum
__5. Solidify the waste products
by absorbing water
__6. Secretes acids and enzymes that transformed food
into creamy fluid called chyme
__7. An opening which solid waste passes and eliminated

Answer Key:
1. G. 5. E
2. A. 6. D
3. F. 7. B
4. C.
Assignment Enhancing/ Improving the Research at least three (3) digestive system disorders.
day’s lesson Write down the causes and their effects on the human
body. Then, list down ways how to treat them. Use the
graphic organizer (Concept Mapping: Horizontal Flow
Chart).

Concluding Wrap-up: The teachers will wrap-up the day’s lesson by highlighting all the important
Activity terms/vocabularies that were discussed and the importance of the organs of the
(4 minutes) digestive system.
Name: ANGEL MAE R. ALIBANGBANG School: TIBAGON ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Position/Designation: Teacher I Division: DAVAO DE ORO
Contact Number: 09452316996 Email address:
[email protected]
Prepared by: