Speech

and
Theater
Arts
[Add a quote here from one of your company executives or use this space for a brief
summary of the document content.]

A FLEXIBLE APPROACH TO LEARNING

 HOW THIS MODULE WORKS
Table of Contents
1

Content
LEARNING PROGRAM Paradigm

This model depicts the entirety of the program. It makes use of various online platforms which also
serve different purposes depending on the needs of the learners, availability of the technology that
they have, and taking into account data plans as well as their literacy on the media which are stated
above.

This module is also aligned with the OBE Syllabus, ensuring that the instructions are mirrored on
practical evidences of learning embodying their introspection.

On each module, the teacher has to check students’ progress personally by asking questions that
go beyond literal and inferential understanding thru Audio/Video calls to guarantee assessment.
 GENERAL

a. Demonstrate communication management and leadership

skills
b. Practice Communication theories, principles, and practices for
effective communication
c. Develop an in-depth understanding of Theorical and Applied
principles of Speech Communication and Theater Arts

MODULE SPECIFIC LEARNING OUTCOMES

a. Outline someone else’s public speech using a given

format
b. Create an outline for their own public speech
 Writing Your Outline: The Informative
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© Jennifer
Writing Your Outline: The Informative Organizational Patterns
Boyenga and
Indian Hills
Community
College
There are three major components to any
presentation: the introduction, the body, and the
conclusion. The natural inclination would be to start
writing a presentation with the introduction since this
section comes first. However, I recommend that you
start writing the body first because the body will
determine what goes into the introduction and
conclusion.

The Body
The body is the heart of the speech – it takes the longest to get through. In an eight-minute
speech, the body is between six and seven minutes long. It is composed of three sections:
main points, sub-points, and evidence. The body of an informative speech on the legislative
process might look like this:
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When it comes to choosing a subject, never chose to talk about something you have no
passion for. Always choose to speak about something you have experience or expertise with
because it makes your presentation much more interesting to the audience – you will transfer
your passion about the subject matter to them!

Sub-points are your ideas or personal knowledge about the main point you are discussing. This
could be a description of your experience or expertise on the subject.

Evidence is the information that you quote or summarize from another source about the main
point. This means that you will need to research your subject thoroughly to obtain quality
information to quote or summarize in your presentation. Since the speaker in the example
above is not a legislator, they would need to research the process and cite the research
findings in the presentation

Where to Research
Because you are going to have to research your speech topic to learn more about it, it is
important for you to use research from quality sources. For most students, the natural
inclination is to use the internet to research their topic. Unfortunately, the internet is full of a lot
of garbage so finding quality information from reliable sources is a challenge. For example, if
you were going to research the history of Barbie and you put Barbie into a Google search, you
will connect to about 60% pornography, 30% on where to buy Barbie dolls, and 10% on the
actual subject you’re researching. It is time consuming to wade through the amount of garbage
on the world wide web.

So, what should you look for in your research? Evidence! Evidence is composed of supporting
materials which are information that support the main ideas of your presentation. They
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substantiate your argument or clarify your position in a persuasive speech and add credibility to
an informative or persuasive speech.

Supporting materials you should look for include:

• Survey results Testimonials from eye-witnesses

• Official statements from experts Analogies and comparisons Explanations of
phenomenon
• Definitions of terminology
• Visual Aids

Don’t just look for the same type of evidence in your research – a variety of supporting
materials will make your presentation more interesting for the audience! And, you won’t look
like you shopped at the same store for your entire argument!

Oral Footnotes
Everything outside of your personal experience needs to be cited in your presentation and on
your speech outline as evidence. An oral footnote is like a footnote or an in-text citation in a
research paper. It provides information to the audience about where you got your information
and using oral footnotes makes you credible in the eyes of your audience so it is really
important that you use them.

An oral footnote always includes WHO said the information, WHERE you got the information
from, and sometimes WHEN it was said. Some examples of oral footnotes are:
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• John Smith reported (could also say “said”) that the moon is big and bright in the New
York Times on January 1, 2006
• The moon is big and bright according to (could also say “as stated by”) John Smith,
author of Our Big Moon in the New York Times on January 1, 2006
• According to John Smith, author of Our Big Moon, the moon is big and bright.
• As found in Our Big Moon by John Smith, the moon is big and bright.

By using a variety of the examples above, your speech will be interesting for the audience to
hear and it won’t always sound like your oral footnotes are the same. Variety is a key to public
speaking!

Organizing the Body

There are several ways to organize the main points of a presentation. You may choose any of
these options or combine the options for a unique presentation. It is a good idea to choose an
organizational pattern that makes sense for your speech topic.

Chronological Organization: This would be where the main points of the body are
placed in order according to a time line or sequence. This is a good choice for a speech that
might be over a person’s life, a famous event, or even a “how to” speech. Our sample speech
body on the legislative process is in chronological order.
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Spatial Organization: This is where the main points of the body are placed in the order
you might see them on a map or in relationship to one another. This is good choice for a
speech that might heavily involve using a map or diagram as a visual aid. For instance, I might
chose this if my main points were showing where each of the concentration camps in WWII
were located or if I wanted to show the path that blood travels through the body. A sample
body for a spatially organized speech on weather patterns in the United States might look like:

The Introduction

Once you have the body of your presentation laid out in a logical fashion, you should work on
the introduction. The introduction should have five components. It should look like this:

Introduction:

I. Gain attention: This is perhaps one of the most important parts of any presentation because
it is what the audience hears first and it can set the tone for your entire presentation. Some
ways you can gain attention include:
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The Conclusion

The conclusion is the shortest part of most informative speeches. There are only two
components in the conclusion.

Conclusion:

I. Summary/Review of main points: Review with the audience the main points of your
presentation – make sure they are in the same order you put them in the body of
the speech.
II. Sense of completeness/Clincher statement: This is the last statement of your
presentation so it should be memorable and bring the entire presentation together.
Look back at the different options for attention getters in the introduction. You may
use any of the attention getting option as the clincher statement in your
presentation.

Transitions

Transitions are how you move the audience from one idea to another with
you as you deliver the presentation. You should tell the
audience what you are finishing talking about and what you
are moving into next. You will also need to direct the
attention of the audience toward the visual aid when you are
going to show it.

There are five places that transitions should happen:

1. Between the introduction and the body: “By the time I am done you will
know about drafting the bill, committee hearings, and floor debate on the
bill. Let’s start with drafting the bill.”

2. Between the first main point and the second main point in the body:
“Now that I am finished talking about drafting the bill, lets learn about
committee hearings.”
3. Between the second main point and the third main point in the body: “After
a bill leaves committee hearings, it moves to floor debate.”
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4. Between the third main point and the conclusion: “and that’s what can happen during floor
debate. In review, I talked about drafting the bill, committee hearings, and floor debate.”

5. Before the visual aid: Look at this graph which shows the number of bills introduced to the
legislature between 2000 and 2006.

Visual Aids

A visual aid is something that you use to accent your presentation. It is not meant to take away
from what you are saying or so the audience won’t look at you. Almost anything can be used as
a visual aid: chalkboard, white board, poster, flip chart, flannel board, graph, pie chart, cutaway,
handout, model, overhead projection, movie, slides, t-shirt or clothing representing your subject
matter, or computerized presentation (MS PowerPoint).
Rules for using a visual aid:
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1. Do not talk to the visual aid – even when you are showing the visual aid, keep your eyes
focused on your audience.

2. Use your arm closest to the visual aid to point to items on the visual aid or a pointer.

3. Display the visual aid only when you are going to use it – otherwise, keep it hidden from the
audience.

4. Make visual aid large enough for audience to see what it is.

5. Leave visual aid in front of audience long enough for them to comprehend the visual aid.
Pg. 09 TASKS 1

TASKS 1
Look for a recorded speech on the internet and outline the speech using the format given
below.
Purpose Statement:
Organizational Pattern:

I. Introduction and Opening

a. Clever or Catchy idea, personal experiences, or stamenent
b. Engage the audience and set the tone
c. Preview Main Points
Transition:
II. Body
A. Main Idea
1. Details and supporting information
2. Details and supporting information
3. Details and supporting information
Transition
B. Main Idea
1. Details and supporting information
2. Details and supporting information
3. Details and supporting information
Transition
C. Main Idea
1. Details and supporting information
2. Details and supporting information
3. Details and supporting information
Transition
III. Conclusion
A. Summarize and relate to opening
1. Summarize main points of your speech
2. Tie back to the introduction
3. Strong, memorable or clever point to conclude
4. Challenge or call for action to the audience

Criteria

Organization 10pts Content 10 pts

Pg. 10 TASKS 2

TASKS 2
• Outline a speech of your own.
• You may use the outline format given at Task 1 but you are also free to choose a
format that will best suit your speech

Criteria

Organization 10pts Content 10 pts