EE 6201 – CIRCUIT THEORY SEM & BRANCH: 02& EEE+ECE

SRI ARAVINDAR
ENGINEERING COLLEGE
PONDY MAILAM ROAD, SEDARAPET P.O., VANUR

TWO & SIXTEEN MARKS

QUESTION AND ANSWERS
UNIT- 4

SUBJECT CODE : EE 6201

SUBJECT NAME : CIRCUIT THEORY

YEAR & SEM : I & II

BRANCH : ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONICS ENGG.

PREPARED BY
S. SUGANTHI,
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR – EEE

S. SUGANTHI, AP – EEE 2 & 16 Marks Q &A Page 1

EE 6201 – CIRCUIT THEORY SEM & BRANCH: 02& EEE+ECE

UNIT IV

TRANSIENT RESPONSE OF DC CIRCUITS

PART A

1. Find the time constant of RL circuit having R= 10Ω and L= 0.1 mH. (AU May/June
2013)

𝐿 0.1×10−3
Time constant = 𝑅 = = 0.1 × 10−4
10

2. A RLC series circuit has R= 10 Ω, L= 2 H. What value of capacitance will make the
circuit critically damped? (AU May/June 2013)

𝑅 2 1 1 2𝐿 2 1 4𝐿2 4𝐿 4×2
(2𝐿 ) = 𝐿𝐶 → C= 2 × ( 𝑅 ) → = 𝐿 × → = 𝑅2 → C= → C= 0.08 F
𝑅2 102

3. Sketch the transient current i(t) vs t graph for a series RL circuit. (AU May/June 2012)

Transient current i(t) vs t graph for a series RL- circuit

4. Consider two cases RC parallel circuit shown below: (AU May/June 2012)

1. When DC voltage is applied

2. When AC voltage is applied

Compare how the capacitor gets charged in the two cases.

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EE 6201 – CIRCUIT THEORY SEM & BRANCH: 02& EEE+ECE

If the DC-Voltage is applied the capacitor gets charged infinitely.

If the AC-Voltage is applied the voltage across the capacitor oscillates.

5. Define the term ‘Time constant’ of a circuit, in general. (AU April/May 2011)

RL circuit: The time taken to reach 63.2% of final value in a RL circuit is called the time
constant of RL circuit.

𝐿
Time constant (τ) =𝑅

RC circuit: The time taken to reach 36.8% of initial current in an RC circuit is called the
time constant of RC circuit.

Time constant (τ) = RC

6. A coil having a resistance of 10 KΩ and inductance of 52 mH is connected to a 10 volts

10 kHz power supply. Calculate the impedance. (AU April/May 2011)

𝑋𝐿 = 2𝜋𝑓𝐿

𝑋𝐿 = 2 × 𝜋 × 10 × 103 × 50 × 10−3

𝑋𝐿 = 3.14 𝐾𝛺

Z =√𝑅2 + 𝑋𝐿2 = √102 + 3.142

Z = 10.48 KΩ
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EE 6201 – CIRCUIT THEORY SEM & BRANCH: 02& EEE+ECE

7. What is transient state?

If a network contains energy storage elements, with change in excitation, the current and
voltage change from one state to other state the behavior of the voltage or current when it is
changed from one state to another state is called transient state.

8. What is transient time?

The time taken for the circuit to change from one steady state to another steady state is called
transient time.

9. What is transient response?

The storage elements deliver their energy to the resistance; hence the response changes with
time, get saturated after sometime, and are referred to the transient response.

10. Define time constant of RLC circuit.

The time taken to reach 63.2% of final value in a RL circuit is called the time constant of RL
circuit.

Time constant=L/R

11. Define time constant of RC circuit.

The time to taken to reach 36.8% of initial current in an RC circuit is called the time constant
of RC circuit.

Time constant= RC

12. What is meant by natural frequency?

If the damping is made zero then the response oscillates with natural frequency without any
opposition, such a frequency is called natural frequency of oscillations.

13. Define damping ratio.

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EE 6201 – CIRCUIT THEORY SEM & BRANCH: 02& EEE+ECE

It is the ratio of actual resistance in the circuit to the critical resistance.

14. Distinguish between steady state and transient state.

A circuit having constant sources is said to be in steady state if the currents and the voltages
do not vary with time.

In a circuit containing energy storage elements, with change in excitation, the voltage and
current change from one state to other state. The behaviour of the voltage or current when it
is changed from one state to other is called transient state.

15. What is free and forces response?

When a circuit contains storage elements which are independent of the sources, the response
depends upon the nature of the circuit. Tis response is called natural or free response

The storage elements deliver the energy to the resistances. So, the response changes with
time, gets saturated after some time. It is referred to as the transient response. When we
consider sources acting on a circuit, the response depends on the nature of such sources.

16. Write down the condition, for the response of RLC series circuit to be under damped
and overdamped for step input.

The response of RLC series circuit with step input in

under damped condition: (R/2L)2<(1/LC)

Overdamped condition: (R/2L)2>(1/LC)

17. Write down the few applications of RL, RC, RLC circuits.
Coupling circuits Phase shift circuits Filters

Resonant circuits AC bridge circuits Transformers

18. Find the laplace transform of x(t)= u(t)+δ(t)

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EE 6201 – CIRCUIT THEORY SEM & BRANCH: 02& EEE+ECE

L(x(t)) = L[u(t)]+L[δ(t)]
= (1/s)+1 = (1+s)/s

19. Write the integral differential equation of an RLC series circuit with supply voltage E

The integral differential equation of an RLC series circuit with supply voltage is given by
𝑑𝑖 1
E=Ri + L𝑑𝑡 +𝐶 ∫ idt

20. What is power factor and reactive factor?

The power factor is defined as, the cosine of the phase difference between voltage and
current.
(i.e) Power factor = cos Φ
The reactive factor of the circuit is defined as the sine of the phase angle.
(i.e) Reactive factor = sin Φ

21. Find the laplace transform of the following signals?

(i) δ(t) (ii) u(t) (iii) e-at u(t)
(i) L[δ(t)] = 1
(ii) L[u(t)] = 1/s
(iii) L[e-at u(t)] = 1/s + a

PART B

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EE 6201 – CIRCUIT THEORY SEM & BRANCH: 02& EEE+ECE

1. A series RLC circuit with R=5Ω and L=1H and C=1/6F has a constant voltage source of
50V applied across it at time t=0. Obtain the equation for current I in the current
assuming all initial conditions as zero. Also find the maximum value of current. (AUC
june 2011)

2. Derive the expression for step response of driven series RC and RL circuits

Hints: refer book Electric circuit analysis by prof. T. Nageswara Rao, Pg no.6.55-6.58&
6.61-6.63.

3. A sinusoidal voltage of frequency 25Hz is connected in series with switch R= 10Ω, L=

0.1 H. Calculate the transient current i(t).(AUC may/june 2009)

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EE 6201 – CIRCUIT THEORY SEM & BRANCH: 02& EEE+ECE

4. Explain the characteristics of two port networks in terms of Z, Y and h parameters.

(AUC May/june 2015)

Hints: refer book Electric circuit analysis by prof. T. Nageswara Rao, Pg no.13.1

5. Explain in detail with neat illustration about the high pass and low pass networks and
derive the necessary network parameters. (AUC May/june 2015)

Hints: refer book Electric circuit analysis by prof. T. Nageswara Rao, Pg no.13.13.18-13.41

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