A COMMUNITY SERVICE PROJECT REPORT ON

BIOLOGICAL FARMING
submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements

for the award of the degree

of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
in

COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

DATA SCIENCE
By

M LEELAKRISHNA 21751A3232

SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND

MANAGEMENT STUDIES, CHITTOOR-517127, A.P.
(Autonomous)
(Approved by AICTE & Affiliated to JNTUA, Ananthapuramu)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING

DATA SCIENCE
(2022-23)
 SREENIVASA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND
MANAGEMENT STUDIES, CHITTOOR-517127, A.P.
(Autonomous – NAAC Accredited)
(Approved by AICTE, New Delhi & Permanently Affiliated to JNTUA,
Ananthapuramu)

DEPARTMENT OF COMPUTER SCIENCE ENGINEERING

DATA SCIENCE

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the community service project report “STUDY OF

BIOLOGICAL FARMING” is genuine work of

M LEELAKRISHNA 21751A3232

submitted to the department of Computer science Engineering -Data Science, in partial

fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in
Computer science Engineering – Data Science, during the academic year 2023-24.

Signature of the Faculty Guide Signature of the Head of Department

Mrs. R. Karunia Krishna Priya Dr. A. Srinivasan
Assosiate Professor, Professor & HOD,
Department of Computer Science Department of Computer Science
Engineering -Data Science, Sreenivasa Engineering-Data science, Sreenivasa
Institute of Technology and Institute of Technology and
Management Studies, Chittoor, A.P. Management Studies, Chittoor, A.P.

Submitted for Semester End Examination held on ……………………

INTERNAL EXAMINER EXTERNAL EXAMINER

 Student’s Declaration

I am, M Leela Krishna student, Reg. No. 21751A3232 of the Department of Computer Science
Engineering-Data Science College do hereby declare that I have completed the mandatory community
service from 01-05-2023 to 10-06-2023 in Thumminda Palyam under the Faculty Guideship of
Mrs.Karunia KrishnaPriya.
Department of Computer Science Engineering – Data Science in Sreenivasa Institute Of Technology
and Management Studies College.

(Signature and Date)

Endorsements

Faculty Guide: Mrs. Karunia Krishnapriya

Associate Professor,
Department of CSE (Data Science),
Sitams.

Head of the Department: Mr. A. SRINIVASAN

Associate Professor,
Department of CSE (Data Science),
Sitams.

Principal: Dr. VENKATACHALAPATHI

Principle & Professor,
Sitams.
 Certificate from Official of the Community

This is to certify that M. LEELA KRISHNA Reg. No. 21751A3232 of SITAMS underwent
community service in BIOLOGICAL FARMING from 01/05/2023 to 03/06/2023. The overall
performance of the Community Service Volunteer during his community Service is found to be
GOOD.

Authorized Signatory with Date and Seal

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to all those who have contributed to the successful
completion of this project on Natural farming.

First and foremost, I extend my sincere thanks to Mrs. R. KRISHNAPRIYA, my project guide,
for their invaluable guidance, support, and insightful suggestions throughout the duration of this project.
Their expertise and encouragement have been instrumental in shaping the direction of this research.

I am also grateful to the SITAMS for providing the necessary resources and facilities for carrying
out this study. The access to the THUMINDHAPALYAM and the cooperation of the staff greatly
enriched the research experience.

Special thanks are due to the farmers and practitioners in the field of organic farming who
generously shared their knowledge, experiences, and time during interviews and interactions. Their
perspectives provided a practical dimension to this project.

I would like to acknowledge the support of my friends and family for their understanding,
encouragement, and patience during the course of this project. Their unwavering support has been a
constant source of motivation.

Finally, I express my gratitude to all the authors, researchers, and experts whose work has been
referenced in this project. Their contributions have been essential in providing a comprehensive
understanding of the subject matter.

I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to our HOD Mr. A. SRINIVASAN Sir for
giving me such attention and time and motivated me to complete the project by providing all necessary
facilities to carry out the work in the college……
INDEX

CHAPTER NO TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO

1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGICAL FARMING 2
1.2 NATURAL FARMING 3
1.3 OBJECTIVES OF BIOLOGICAL FARMING 4

2 OVER VIEW OF COMMUNITY

2.1 DEFINITIONS OF BIOLOGICAL FARMING 5
2.2 PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGICAL FARMING 6
2.3 METHODS 8

3 COMMUNITY SERVICE PART

3.1 CROPS IN THUMMINDA PALYAM 9
3.2 CROP ROTATION 10
3.3 PROBLEMS AND DISEASES 12
3.4 TYPES OF NATURAL PREDICTIONS 14

4 FARMING ROTATION
4.1 OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY 15

5 REPORT AND CONCLUSION

5.1 WEEKLY LOG BOOKS AND REPORT 17
5.2 ACHIEVEMENTS AND BENEFITS 22
5.3 CONCLUSION 32
 CHAPTER 1: EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The project about organic farming we all went to in ThummindaPalyam. In that village we
went to the volunteer that we can discuss about my topic and finally we get the permission to do
that project in that village.
On the next day, we went to meet the farmers and ask for the process and methods about how
to cultivate a crop by using an organic method. They explain and give best suggestions and methods
on what are the sources and materials and what are the natural resources that are used to cultivate the
crops in a natural method.
We can participate and enjoy those activities happily and we found some insects and some

leaf’s are under attack from the diseases and we can observe some fruits are also affected by the
diseases. Then we discuss the problems with agricultural officers and village farmers and they tell us
that by using some natural chemicals we can cure the diseases that occur in those trees.
We can perform and observe that preparation and what are the natural resources that are used
to prepare that chemical in a natural way. They spray that natural chemical on those infected trees
and trees. It will be effective in a few hours and they will become normal and it will give good
products.
So, finally we learnt what the crops are cultivated in ThummindaPalyam and what are the
natural resources used and what are the natural fertilisers used and crop rotation and how to solve the
problems that occur in that crop growth.
From this project I can get the idea of how organic food is important and how we can

cultivate the crops by using the natural methods and natural resources.

1
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO BIOLOGICAL FARMING

I perform the community service project titled `BIOLOGICAL FARMING '' in

ThummindaPalyam in Chittoor district. For this project I can put all my efforts into knowing about
the cultivation method by using natural methods.
In this project I explained some cultivated crops that are cultivated in that village, what are the
natural resources used to cultivate it and How can solve the problems when the crops are affected by
the diseases. I observe some methods and I perform some activities regarding organic farming with
my team members.
We observe the process of preparing some natural fertilisers and preparing the solution for the
diseases using natural resources. In the period of the 19th century artificial chemicals products came
and were tested in the crops and that crops are grown well within less months.
So people are suffering from some disease due to the usage of harmful chemicals. From this
projected know about organic farming and how it is important in the present generation and for the
future. I collected some suggestions and methods by using natural resources. Let us know about this
project in depth.
1.2 NATURAL FARMING

Natural Farming can be defined as “chemical- free farming and livestock based”. Soundly
grounded in agro-ecology, it is a diversified farming system that integrates crops, trees and livestock,
allowing the optimum use of functional biodiversity.

Fig 1.2 Natural farming

 2
1.2 OBJECTIVES OF BIOLOGICAL FARMING

 To produce food of high nutritional quality in sufficient quality.

 To work with natural system rather than seeking to dominate them.
 To encourage and enhance biological cycles within farming system-involving micro-
Organisms, soil flora fauna, plants and animals.
 To maintain and increase long term fertility of soil.
 To use, as far as possible, the renewable rresources.to work as much as possible, within
a closed system, witregard to organic matter and nutrient elements.
 To give all live stokes, conditions of life that allow them to perform all aspects of their
innate behaviour.
 To avoid all forms of pollution that may result from agriculture techniques.
 To maintain the genetic diversity of agricultural system and its surroundings, including
the plants and wild life habitats.
 To allow agricultural producers an adequate returns and satisfaction from their work
Including safe drinking water.
 3
CHAPTER 2: OVERVIEW OF THE COMMUNITY

A community is a group of people whose identity as a group lies in their interaction and
sharing. Many factors may affect the identity of the participants and their degree of adhesion, such as
intent, belief, resources, preferences, needs and risks.

2.1 DEFINITION OF BIOLOGICAL FARMING

Biological farming, also known as organic farming or ecological farming, is an approach to

agriculture that emphasizes the use of natural processes, biodiversity, and sustainable practices to
enhance soil fertility, crop health, and overall farm productivity. The primary goal of biological
farming is to work in harmony with nature, minimizing the use of synthetic inputs such as chemical
fertilizers, pesticides, and genetically modified organisms.

Fig 2.1 Biological farming

4
 2.2 PRINCIPLES OF BIOLOGICAL FARMING

Key principles and practices associated with biological farming include:

 Biodiversity: Encouraging biodiversity is a fundamental aspect of biological farming. This

Includes promoting a diverse range of crops, cultivating cover crops, and maintaining a
Variety of beneficial organisms such as beneficial insects, bacteria, fungi that are contribute
to biological farming.
 Soil Health: Biological farming places a strong emphasis on building and maintaining healthy
Soil. This involves the use of organic matter, cover crops, and crop rotations to improve soil
Structure. Water retention, and nutrient content.
 Composting: Composting is often used to recycle organic waste and create nutrient-rich
Compost. This compost is then applied to the soil to enhance its fertility and provide essential
Nutrients to plants.
 Crop Rotation: Rotating crops helps prevent the build-up of pests and disease specific to
Particular plants. It also contributes to soil health by diversifying nutrient needs and minimizing
Soil degradation.
 Water Conservation: Efficient water use and conservation practises are integral to biological
Farming. Techniques like mulching and proper irrigation management are employed to optimize
Water resources.
 Holistic Approach: Biological farming often takes a holistic approach, considering the entire
Ecosystem of the farm. It emphasizes the interconnectedness of various elements, such as soil,
Plants, animals, humans, and aims for a balanced and sustainable system.
 Natural Past Management: Biological farming employs natural methods for pest control
Such as the use of beneficial insects, companion planting, and the cultivation of plants that
Naturally repel pest.
 Avoidance of Synthesis Inputs: The use of Synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, and genetically
Modified organisms is minimized or eliminated in biological farming instead, farmers rely on
Natural and organic alternatives to promote sustainable agriculture practises.

5
 Fig 2.2 principles of biological farming

2.3 METHODS

Biological farming employs various methods and practices to cultivate crops and manage

Agriculture systems in a sustainable and environmentally friendly manner. Here are some key
methods Associated with biological farming.

 Biological farming: This method relies on natural processes to maintain soil fertility and
Pests. Organic farmers avoid synthesis fertilizers, pesticides, and genetically modified organisms,
Relying instead on organic inputs such as compost, cover crops, and natural pest control methods.
 Crop Rotation: Crop rotation involves planting different crops in a sequence on the same
Piece of land over time. This helps prevent the build-up of pests and diseases specific to particular
Crops and promotes overall soil health.
 Cover Cropping: Cover crops, such as legumes and grasses, are planted between main crops or
during fallow periods to protect and improve the soil. They help prevent erosion, suppress weeds,
and contribute organic matter when incorporated into the soil.
 Composting: Composting is the decomposition of organic matter to create nutrient-rich compost.
This compost is then added to the soil to improve its structure, water retention, and nutrient content.

6
 Biological Pest Control: This involves the use of beneficial organism, such as predatory
Insects, parasiticides, and beneficial microorganisms, to control pests naturally. For example,
Releasing ladybugs to control aphids or using nematodes to target harmful soil-dwelling pests.
 Polyculture and Agroforestry: Instead of monoculture (growing a single crop), biological
farming often involves polyculture, where multiple crops are grown together. Agroforestry
integrates trees and shrubs with crops, providing additional ecology benefits such as shade,
windbreaks, and enhanced biodiversity.
 Integrated Pest Management (IPM): IPM is an approach that combines various pest
control methods, emphasizing the use of biological controls, cultural practises, and the judicious
use of chemical controls only when necessary. It aims to minimize the impact on the environment
and human health.
 Water Conservation Technique: Effective water management is crucial in biological
farming. Techniques such as mulching, drip irrigation, and rainwater harvesting help conserve
water resources and maintain soil moisture.
 Livestock Integration: Integrating livestock into the farming system can contribute to
Nutrient cycling and enhance soil fertility. For Example, rotational grazing allows animals
to graze on cover crops, returning organic matter and nutrients to the soil.
 Natural and Local Seed Selection: Using locally adapted and open-pollinated seeds
promotes biodiversity and helps crops thrive in specific environment conditions. It also reduces
dependence on genetically modified or hybrid seeds.
 Biodynamic Farming: Biodiversity farming is a holistic approach that considers celestial
and earthly influences on agriculture. It involves specific practises, such as using biodynamic
preparations and following a planting calendar based on lunar cycles.

These methods collectively to the development of a sustainable and resilient farming

system that prioritizes soil health, biodiversity, and ecological balance in agricultural practices.

7
 CHAPTER 3: COMMUNITY SERVICE PART
3.1 CROPS IN THUMMINDA PALYAM
The community service project is about Biological farming in Thumminda
Palyam, Chittoor district. I and my team members went to that place and visit the
location and met the farmers in the farming land.

We got knowledge about organic farming and also noted the daily activity report and
some important points.

In the village most of the farmers cultivate the paddy crop and orange crop and
guava and some flower crops. we met the Nagesh farmer and discuss about the
resources that are used in the crops

The name of the crops that are in that village

1. Paddy crop
2. Banana
3. Guava
4. Mango
5. Mulberry
Let us discuss the natural resources and diseases and methods that are
used in those crops one by one and solutions when the crop is affected by
insects and disease by using natural methods or natural style.

Other
12%

Banana
12%

Paddy
59%
Papaya
18%

Paddy Papaya Banana Other

Fig 3.2 crops in Thumminda Palyam

8
3.2 CROP ROTATION

Farmers are changing the crops according to the seasonal fruits or crops. Changing the
crops means we can increase the soil chemicals by adding natural resources and natural
pesticides. In the early years, farmers used to practise crop rotation, but they had no idea of the
scientific reasons behind the success of the practice, nor did they have a specific term for the
practice.

Fig 3.2 Crop rotation

They are:
1. INCREASES SOIL FERTILITY:

Prolonged planting of the same crop type leads to the depletion of specific
nutrients in the soil. Each crop type has a different nutrient interaction with the soil, and
each of them releases and absorbs different types of nutrients. Crop rotation increases
soil fertility by controlling deficient or excess nutrients.

2. INCREASES CROP YIELD:

Farmers who aim to increase an average crop yield per acre on their fields must have

a streamlined irrigation system at hand. Providing the plants with the appropriate amount of water
directly affects the development of plants and, consequently, the crop yields.

9
3.INCREASE SOIL NUTRIENTS:

Crop rotation allows the land to regenerate and rejuvenate its own nutrients
without having to apply more nutrients through the use of fertilisers. Leaving the land
bare for a season enables the land to restore the soil nutrients lost through absorption
by plants harvested in the previous season.

4.REDUCE SOIL EROSION:

Soil erosion is the carrying away of the most important topsoil layer by wind
or water. When the soil is constantly covered by plants, the top soil layer is not
carried away by water during heavy rainfall.

A layer of crawling plants or cover crops like beans and peas works well to
prevent erosion by giving the ground full crop cover, unlike standalone crops like maize
which leave land exposed to the soil erosion elements.

These are some advantages of crop rotation that have been obtained
and also some more advantages are also there. We also have some
disadvantages by using these crop rotations.

3.3 PROBLEMS AND DIESEASES TO CROPS

The organic crops or artificial chemical crops are affected by some insects
and some diseases. The insects are stopping the growth and spoiling the crop and
causing some diseases to occur to the fruits and leaf ’s. There are some problems
that are affected by the crops.

They are:

• Fruit borers
• Fruit piercing months
• Leaf -feeding caterpillars
• Leafrollers
• Beetle borers
• Scarab beetles etc ..
10
 Fruit borers are damaging the crops and leaf ’s .example banana tree. The damage is
caused by the grub which makes tunnels as it feeds on the corm and root stock. The tunnels
encourage fungal infection, ultimately reducing it into a black mass of rotten tissues.

Fig 3.3.1 Disease of crop

The moth’s pest is most active during the hot wet summer months but sudden outbreaks can
occur throughout the year in some localities. Damage occurs progressively as the hands lift and
increases in severity towards the lower hands.
Leaf feeding caterpillars are the immature stages of moths or butterflies and
belong to the order lepidoptera. They are typical of
insects that develop in a pattern known as complete metamorphosis, involving the
egg, larva, pupa and adult stages.

Fig 3.3.2 Problems for crops

11
 CHAPTER 4: REPORTS

ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FIRST WEEK

DAY LEARNING OUTCOME Person

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF
& THE In-charge
DATE Signature
DAILY ACTIVITY
A community survey is the method
Day – 1 of collecting data from a filtered
Introduction of community target audience to help you
(01/05/2023)
service project understand and issue particular to
them.
visiting the village and locations and
Day - 2 Taking permission and taking the permission to do the
visiting the location with our activity.
(02/05/2023)
mentor.
Asking process about organic
agriculture and getting idea to know
Day – 3
Farmer ideas about that project.
(03/05/2023)

We met the farmers and noted the

important points.
Day – 4
Visiting location
(04/05/2023)

I went to the rice crop and meet

Day – 5 the Nagesh farmer and note

Paddy crop down the information
(05/05/2023)
I and my team members are

Day – 6 noticed the information and

Information noted preparing the daily activity
(06/05/2023)
report and submit it to the
mentor

12
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 1 (From Dt 01-05-2023 to Dt 06-05-2023)
Objective of the Activity Done: Collect the total information of community service project

Detailed Report: service learning is a process of involving students in community

Service activities combine with facilitated means for applying the experience to their academic and

Personal development”. We are taking the permission to village revenue officer to conduct the

Community service project about an Biological farming with my mentor. It is the best week starting

the project with information and some ideas about an Biological farming. When compare to other forms

Of experiential learning like internship and cooperative education. It is better….

I discuss about the crops and What types of crops are harvested by Nagesh and Discuss about the

Farming type and what kind of crops they do.

13
ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE SECOND WEEK
 DAY LEARNING Person
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
& OF OUTCOME In-charge
DATE THE DAILY Signature
ACTIVITY
We went to banana crop and notified
Day – 1 Banana crop the problem that occurs to the banana
tree and solve to cure the diseases.
(08/05/2023)
We went to the mango crop and meet
the farmer and getting relevant
Day - 2 Mango crop information and giving some
suggestions to cure the diseases the
(09/05/2023)
occurs in the crop
Next day, we went to the guava crop
and collecting information and some
Day – 3
Guava crop methods to cure the
(10/05/2023)
diseases like fruit borer etc.

We went to the orange crop. we

notify the problems that are caused
Day – 4
Orange crop due to caterpillars so many fruits are
(11/05/2023) damaged and affected by the disease
of fruit borers
Preparing jeevamrutham by using
desi cow urine, jaggery and fertile
Day – 5
Jeevamrutham soil and spraying that jeevamrutham
(12/05/2023) to the crop
I and my team members are noticed
Preparing the weekly the information and preparing second
Day – 6
report with activities week report and submit to the mentor
(13/05/2023)

14
WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK -2 (FROM Dt 08-05-2023 to Dt 13-05-2023)
 Objective of the Activity Done: Survey the crops in the village and collect the information

Detailed Report: I and my team members are went to the crops in the village and visited

the location. I went to banana crop, mango crop, guava crop and orange crop. Gather the information

And I observe that most of the common diseases that occurs to the crop is fruit borer, caterpillar are

Eating the leaf ‘s and its stop the growth of that crop. We observe the natural pesticides preparation that is

Jeevamrutham. It is prepared by using desi cow urine. This is help the caterpillars are not effected to the

Growing crop. These is the applied to the starting stage of the crop and it increases the soil fertility and

Soi yield. This information is noted on the report and submitted to the mentor and revenue officer to

Know the daily day to day activity that is done by me.

15
ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE THIRD WEEK
DAY BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF LEARNING OUTCOME Person
& THE In-charge
DATE DAILY ACTIVITY Signature

Preparing Brahmastra pesticide with

ingredients and boiled it 5 times. we
Day – 1
Preparing Brahmastra pesticides are participating in that activity
(15/05/2023)
preparation of that Brahmastra.
We are gone to the NSS camp to the
Katutura village and participate in that
Day - 2
NSS camp with friends planting activity and giving
(16/05/2023)
information and telling importance of
the organic farming in present days and
future.
Surveying the village and taking
Day – 3 some picks of natural pesticides and
(17/05/2023) Survey the village asking other natural pesticides
methods.
Allowing goats in farming land because
Day – 4 the goat manure has increased the soil
(18/05/2023) Allowing animals to crop fertility and it is one of the methods in
organic fertilisers.
The Brahmastra pesticide is spraying to
Day – 5 Brahmastra the crops these is good for the crops
(19/05/2023) pesticide spraying and it will help to stop the diseases like
fruit borers and sucking pests.
Preparing the weekly report that
Day – 6 gathering the information in this week
(20/05/2023) Preparing the weekly report and submitted the report to the college
with activities and the revenue office.

16
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 3 (FROM Dt 15-01-2023 to Dt 20-05-2023)

Objective of the Activity Done: survey and NSS camp and preparing the natural pesticides

Detailed Report: I and my team members are went to the village, the people are preparing

the Brahmastra pesticide. This pesticide is used to cure the fruit and sucking insects in the crop. These

is prepared by using natural ingredients and boiled it 5 times with high temperature. I participate in the

NSS camp this is conducted in the Mapakshi village. I and my team members are giving the information

And new methods by using the biological resources. Surveying the village that we are enquiring the old

Peoples about another natural methods that are used in farming crop with natural resources. Next day,

Wee are went to the paddy crop and lemon crop. The farmers is allowing group of goats into the crop.

The goat manure is good for crop and it increases the Brahmastra pesticides into farming land.

17
ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FOURTH WEEK
 DAY LEARNING OUTCOME Person
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE
& In-charge
DAILY ACTIVITY
DATE Signature
NSS camp is conducted by college in
village .so we are enjoyed with
Day – 1
NSS camp in school children and explained the needs of
(22/05/2023
) organic farming in present generation
Survey in city of Thummindapalyam.
And asking about organic farming
Day - 2
Survey in city process and explaining the organic
(23/05/2023
) farming and few points to know about
the organic farming in city peoples
I went to the banana crop in thumminda
Day – 3 village that I observe the fruit borers
(24/05/2023 Banana crop that is not remove or not cure by using
) the Jeevamrutham
Natural resources are cow, goat
Day – 4 Brief explanation of Biological and duck manures are improve the
(25/05/2023 natural resources soil utility and fertility and soil
) yield
In my survey most of the farmers in
Day – 5 my village is cultivate paddy and
(26/05/2023 Survey the village that which crop is banana and lemon crop due to demand
) high in market

Preparing the weekly report that

Day – 6 gathering the information in this week
(27/05/2023 Preparing the weekly report with and submitted the report to the college
) activities and the revenue office

18
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK -4(FROM Dt 22-05-2023 to Dt 27-05-2023)

Objective of the Activity Done: survey the peoples in city and giving information about organic
farming
Detailed Report: I and my friends are went to the city and meet the peoples and explaining the

Methods and natural resources. This pesticide is used to cure the fruit borer and sucking insects in the crop

having the knowledge about an organic farming and we tell some information to them. These is prepared

By using natural ingredients and boiled it 5 times with high temperature. I went to the banana crop that

The diseases are not cure properly due to it is infected more. I participated in NSS camp that is conducted

In the mapakshi village so that we can use the Brahmastra natural pesticide to cure the diseases. I and

My team members are giving the information and methods by using the organic resources because it is

Having the chilly so that insects are killed, and the crop grow well. We went to to the government school

That explaining the Biological farming and enjoyed with children’ s..

19
ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FIFTH WEEK
 DAY LEARNING OUTCOME Person
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE
& In-charge
DAILY ACTIVITY
DATE Signature

Now a days most of the farmers are

Crop cultivated by using artificial used artificial chemicals because
Day – 1
chemicals. the crop is growth fast
(29/05/2023)
Many famers are used chemicals and
there don’t know the organic
Day - 2
methods .so peoples are suffering with
(30/05/2023)
Diseases that occur by using sugar and cancer and breathing
chemicals. problems and
bones becomes beak
I analysis the difference between the
Day –3 Difference between Biological organic farming of using natural
(31/05/2023) farming and artificial farming. resources and artificial farming of using
chemicals.
Analysis the data and information that
Day – 4 is I gather the matter from the farmers
(01/06/2023) Analysis the data and information .it is helpful to me and peoples

Finally, I complete the project of

Day –5 community service project with good
(02/06/2023) Final day guidelines and good efforts
Prepared the project report and I submit
Day – 6 it to the revenue office and college.
(03/06/2023) Submission if project report Project is done by me with good
efforts .it is helpful to me more to know
about organic farming.

20
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK – 5 (From Dt 29-05-2023 to Dt 03-06-2023)

Objective of the Activity Done: difference between organic and artificial crops and submission of
report
Detailed Report: I gather the information about a how to cultivate the artificial crop by using

Chemicals. I combined the differences between the Biological farming of using natural resources and

Artificial farming by using chemicals. I analysis the data and I prepared the pie chart that what crops are

Cultivated in the Thumminda Palyam once again I recall and survey the village and asking the farmers

That whether my information is useful or not. I analysis my report and my information and I prepare the r

Report and I submitted It in the revenue office and in my college. I grateful thank you to the sarpanch of

My village and mentor and volunteer to complete my project with good efforts……….

21
 CHAPTER 5: OUTCOMES DESCRIPTION

Details of the Socio-Economic Survey of the Village/Habitation. Attach the

questionnaire prepared for the survey.
As part of this program, I visited Thumminda Palyam villages and conducted survey on the problems,
they welcomed me very well and here are the questions prepared by me:
1.Do organic farmers take any precautions when they apply manure on organic farms?

2.How are insect pests managed on organic farms?

3.How are weeds managed on organic farms?

4.How are crop diseases managed on organic farms?

5.What are the requirements for converting to organic dairy production?

6.How do organic animals meet their nutritional requirements?

7.How do producers maintain the health of organic animals?

8.What methods are available to manage parasites in organic livestock?

9.What are the living conditions for organic livestock?

10.Must organic farmers use organic seeds?

11.What farm inputs are allowed and what materials are prohibited in organic production?

12.If a fertilizer is labeled ‘organic,’ will a farmer be able to use it on certified organic land?

13.Can pesticides be used on an organic farm?

14.Is organic food more expensive?

15.But how can we farm without chemicals?

16.Do organically grown vegetables and fruits need to be washed?

22
Describe the problems you have identified in the community
The problems faced by farmers during the initial years of organic farming are:

Lack of access to credit & finance: Small and marginal farmers often face difficulties in accessing
credit and financial services. Limited availability of affordable credit restricts their ability to invest in
modern farming equipment and quality seeds and fertilizers, hampering their productivity
Small landholdings: Average farmers are small landholders, leading to fragmented and uneconomical
farming practices. This makes it challenging for them to adopt modern agricultural methods and
technologies, resulting in lower productivity.
Outdated farming practices: A significant portion of Indian farmers still rely on traditional and
outdated farming methods. Limited access to information, lack of awareness about modern techniques
and resistance to change hinder the adoption of advanced farming practices.
Water scarcity & irrigation: India’s agriculture is heavily dependent on monsoon rain, making it
vulnerable to droughts and inconsistent rainfall patterns. Access to irrigation facilities and water
management are crucial challenges, particularly in regions with limited water resources.
Soil degradation & land erosion: Improper land use practices, excessive use of chemical fertilizers and
pesticides and inadequate soil conservation measures contribute to soil degradation and erosion. This leads
to reduced soil fertility and increased vulnerability to pests and diseases, besides reducing agricultural
productivity.
Inadequate agricultural infrastructure: Insufficient storage and cold chain facilities, inadequate rural
roads and limited access to markets contribute to post-harvest losses. These infrastructure gaps add to the
cost of production and limit farmers’ ability to fetch fair prices for their produce.
Market volatility & price fluctuations: Farmers in India often face price volatility due to lack of
effective market linkages, intermediaries and price information. This leaves them vulnerable to price
exploitation and uncertain returns on their investments.
Climate change & natural disasters: Increasingly unpredictable weather patterns, climate change and
occurrences of natural disasters—such as floods, cyclones and droughts—pose significant challenges to
the country’s agriculture industry. These events can lead to crop losses, livestock mortality and
increased vulnerability for farmers.
Limited access to technology & research: Limited access to agricultural extension services, modern
technologies and scientific research hinders the adoption of innovative practices. Farmers require better
dissemination of knowledge, training and access to affordable technology solutions tailored to their needs.

23
Description of the Community awareness programme/s conducted w.r.t the problems
and their outcomes.
The awareness program we have conducted in the community where the community

people have given the problem in the survey. Based on the problems they have

mentioned we conducted awareness program and perform different tasks to help them.

At first we visited local organic farming help center and gathered details

about various organic farming methods, organic fertilizers and learn that what are the

facilities that they are providing to encourage the organic farming, later we visit the

fields in the village to know what types of crops that they are cultivating in the village a

and what are the techniques and methods that they are using so far.

Then we collect the plants and animals’ wastages to prepare the organic

manures with the help of the volunteers, and we prepared the organic fertilizers and the

Pancha Gavyn with the collected materials.

26
Report of the mini-project work done in the related subject w.r.t the habitation/village.
 A mini-project work in the related subject w.r.t the habitation/village. (For ex., a student of Botany
may do a project on Organic Farming or Horticulture or usage of biofertilizers or biopesticides or effect
of the inorganic pesticides, etc. A student of Zoology may do a project on Aquaculture practices or
animal husbandry or poultry or health and hygiene or Blood group analysis or survey on the
Hypertension or survey on the prevalence of diabetes, etc.

Introduction to Biological Farming

Biological farming is a system for crops that emphasizes environmental protection and the use of
natural farming techniques. It is concerned not only with the end-product, but with the entire system used
to produce and deliver the agricultural product. To this end, the entire farm cycle, from production and
processing, to handling and delivery, excludes the use of artificial products such as genetically modified
organisms (GMOs) and certain external agricultural inputs such as pesticides and synthetic fertilizers.

Fig : paddy crop

27

CHAPTER 5: BIOLOGICAL FARMS

 Some Biological Farming are:
1. paddy
paddy, small, level, flooded field used to cultivate rice in southern and eastern Asia. Wet-rice
cultivation is the most prevalent method of farming in the Far East, where it utilizes a small fraction of
the total land yet feeds the majority of the rural population.

Importance of paddy
As a complex carb, it is the primary source of energy for over half of the world's people.
Depending
on the strain of rice, it can contain decent amounts of fiber, protein, vitamin B, iron and manganese. This
means it can play a vital role against malnutrition. In some cultures, rice is thrown at weddings.

Fig 5.1: paddy

 28
2. Mulberry

Mulberry, (genus Morus), genus of about 10 species of small to medium-sized trees in the family
Morceau and their sweet edible fruits. Mulberries are native to temperate Asia and North America, and
several species are cultivated for their fruits and as ornamentals. Mulberry plants are also important as
food for silkworms.

Fig 5.2: Mulberry

 29
3.Papaya

Papaya, (Carica papaya), succulent fruit of a large plant of the family Caricaceae . Though its
origin is rather obscure, the papaya may represent the fusion of two or more species of Carica native to
Mexico and Central America. Today it is cultivated throughout the tropical world and into the warmest
parts of the subtropics. The papaya fruit is slightly sweet, with an agreeable musky tang, which is more
pronounced in some varieties and in some climates than in others. It is a popular breakfast fruit in many
countries and is also used in salads, pies, sherbets, juices, and confections. The unripe fruit can be cooked
like squash.

Fig 5.3: Papaya

 30
Goals of Biological farming

 To improve drawbacks of Green Revolution.

 To improve rapidly degrading soil fertility in a sustainable way.

 To reduce cost of cultivation.

 To reduce environment pollution.

 To solve health problems due to using intensively chemicals in crop production.

 Reducing high energy use and emissions of greenhouse gases.

 To control pest and diseases without harming the environment.

 Effective use of resources which farmers have already.

Advantages of Biological Farming

 Organic farming helps to prevent environmental degradation and can be used to regenerate
degraded areas.
 Organic manure produces an ideal condition in the soil for high yields and good quality of crops.

 They reduce the expenses of inputs.

 They improve the soil chemical properties such as supply and retention of soil nutrients.

 Organically grown plants are more resistant to disease and insect.

 Creates job opportunities for the people involved in organic farming.

Disadvantages of Farming

 It requires more workers for managing the Organic Farming, so it becomes more costly and laborious.
Due to low yields, organic farming can’t produce enough food for the worlds.
 It requires expertise knowledge of making and using effectively organic manures and other practices.
 31
CHAPTER 6: RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS OF THE MINI PROJECT

Conclusion:

Now India is at the crossroads. It has the responsibility of maintaining a reasonable buffer stock for
over a billion population; it has to find solutions to the problems that have arisen out of the green
revolution technologies, and their impact, particularly on declining soil fertility and productivity. There is a
strong lobby against going organic in its true spirit, fearing that the production would go down drastically
and may turn the country into a ‘begging bowl’ to import food. However, to set right the soil conditions
and to sustain the productivity on which 70 per cent of our population depends for their livelihood, it is
imperative to go in for an alternative agriculture.

The country has left no stone unturned to see that food was produced at any cost for the hungry
millions immediately after our Independence. It is but natural that unforeseen problems arise under such
circumstances. Several schemes were launched to grow more food such as, Intensive Agriculture
Development Project (IADP), Rural Development Project (RDP), National Extension Service (NES)
Drought Prone Area Project (DPAP), Command Area Development Authority (CADA), Small & Marginal
Farmer's Development Project (SFDP), T and V System (Training and Visit) and others. By the time the
high yielding varieties arrived during late 1960s, infrastructure such as irrigation projects, fertiliser and
pesticide production facilities, were ready to meet the minimum requirements.
 32
Student Self-Evaluation for the Community Service Project

Student Name: M LEELAKRISHNA

Registration No:21751A3232

Period of CSP: From:01/05/2023 To: 03/06/2023

Date of Evaluation: 03/06/2023

Name of the Person in-charge:M. NAGESH

Address with mobile number: Thummindapalyam, 7702236819

Please rate your performance in the following areas:

Rating Scale: 1 is lowest and 5 is highest rank

1) Oral communication 1 2 3 4 5

2) Written communication 1 2 3 4 5

3) Proactiveness 1 2 3 4 5

4) Interaction ability with community 1 2 3 4 5

5) Positive Attitude 1 2 3 4 5

6) Self-confidence 1 2 3 4 5

7) Ability to learn 1 2 3 4 5

8) Work Plan and organization 1 2 3 4 5

9) Professionalism 1 2 3 4 5

10) Creativity 1 2 3 4 5

11) Quality of work done 1 2 3 4 5

12) Time Management 1 2 3 4 5

13) Understanding the Community 1 2 3 4 5

14) Achievement of Desired Outcomes 1 2 3 4 5

15) OVERALL PERFORMANCE 1 2 3 4 5

 Date: Signature of the Student

Evaluation by the Person in-charge in the Community/Habitation

Student Name: M LEELAKRISHNA

Registration No: 21751A3232

Period of CSP: From: 01/05/2023 To: 03/06/2023

Date of Evaluation: 03/06/2023

Name of the Person in-charge: M. NAGESH

Address with mobile number: Thummindapalyam, 7702236819.

Please rate the student’s performance in the following areas:

Please note that your evaluation shall be done independent of the Student’s self-evaluation

Rating Scale: 1 is lowest and 5 is highest rank

1) Oral communication 1 2 3 4 5

2) Written communication 1 2 3 4 5

3) Proactiveness 1 2 3 4 5

4) Interaction ability with community 1 2 3 4 5

5) Positive Attitude 1 2 3 4 5

6) Self-confidence 1 2 3 4 5

7) Ability to learn 1 2 3 4 5

8) Work Plan and organization 1 2 3 4 5

9) Professionalism 1 2 3 4 5

10) Creativity 1 2 3 4 5

11) Quality of work done 1 2 3 4 5

12) Time Management 1 2 3 4 5

13) Understanding the Community 1 2 3 4 5

14) Achievement of Desired Outcomes 1 2 3 4 5

15) OVERALL PERFORMANCE 1 2 3 4 5

Date: Signature of the Supervisor
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