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Iot Report

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
7 views

Iot Report

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rajiv shekar
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© © All Rights Reserved
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MOTOR CONTROL SYSTEM THROUGH ANDROID APPLICATION

USING ARDUINO NANO

Submitted in the fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the


Degree of Bachelor Of Technology

By the group members:

MANTHAN PRAKASH RASAL (R21EO035)


T. S. MOHAMMAD ASHIF (R21EO058)
PASIGODLA RAJIV SHEKAR YADAV (R21EO057)

Under the guidance of Prof Dr. Gyanappa Walikar

JULY 2022
Rukmini College Park, Kattigenahalli, Yelahanka, Bengaluru-560064
www.reva.edu.in
DECLARATION

We the students of B.Tech, belongs to School of Electronics and Communication


Engineering, REVA University, declare that this Internet Of Things Case Study Report
on Motor Controlling with Android App is the result of the work done by us under the
supervision of Prof. Dr Gyanappa Walikar School of Electronics and Communication
Engineering REVA University.
We are submitting this Case study Report / Dissertation in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in Electronics and
Communication Engineering – Robotics and Automation by the REVA University,
Bengaluru during the academic year 2021-22.
We further declare that this case study report or any part of it has not been submitted
for award of any other Degree / Diploma of this University or any other University/
Institution.

(Signature of the Students)

Certified that this project work submitted by has been carried out under my guidance
and the declaration made by the candidate is true to the best of my knowledge.

Signature of Guide
Date :………..

Signature of Director
Date :……..

Official Seal of the School


SCHOOL OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
CERTIFICATE

Certified that the Internet Of Things Case study report on Motor Controlling with
Android App carried out under my guidance by Manthan Prakash Rasal(R21EO035),
T.S. Mohammad Ashif (R21EO058), Pasigodla Rajiv Shekar Yadav (R21EO057),
students of REVA University during the academic year 2021-22, are submitting the case
study report in partial fulfilment for the award of Bachelor of Technology in
Electronics and Communication Engineering – Robotics and Automation during the
academic year 2021–22. The case study report has been approved as it satisfies the
academic requirements in respect of case study work prescribed for the said Degree.

Signature with date Signature with date Signature with date

Prof. Dr. Gyanappa Dr. K.M Sudarshan Dr. RC Biradar


Walikar
Director
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

We wish to record our profound and sincere gratitude to our Chancellor Dr. P Shyama
Raju, REVA University, Bengaluru for extending his full support and co-operation by
allowing us to do the IoT case study.
We wish to record our profound and sincere gratitude to our Vice-Chancellor, Dr. M.
Dhanamjaya, REVA University, Bengaluru for extending his full support and co-operation
by allowing us to do the IoT presentation.

We thank Dr.K.M.Sudarshan, Director, School of Electronics and Communication, REVA


University, Bengaluru for extending his full support and co-operation.
We feel it’s our duty to acknowledge the help rendered to us by various persons.

With immense pleasure, we express our sincere gratitude, regards and thanks to our guide
Dr. Gyanappa Walikar, School of Electronics and Communication Engineering, REVA
University, Bengaluru for providing us with enough guidance, motivation and all the support
needed throughout the course of IoT and it’s applications. We can never forget his valuable
guidance and timely suggestion given to us.

We would like to thank one and all who directly or indirectly helped us in completing the
work successfully.
1. INTRODUCTION

Nowadays, mobile devices come equipped with highperformance processors, larger


storage capacities and have more communication abilities. The smartphone, is a small
device that has the processing power to do all kind of things and is changing the ways
that humans interact with machines. Smartphones gradually became a universal
portable device and gave people a daily use for different tasks. In the past years, the
Android OS (Operating System) has gained more and more popularity in smartphones.
The Android platform comes with a full software package, this software package is
made of an OS, a middleware layer and basic applications. The difference from other
existing platforms, like the iPhone OS, is that it comes with a software used as a
development kit (SDK)
[1].

The D.C motor is mostly used for different drive applications in the industrial field, the
mai applications are in automation, traction, civil and military systems because of its
efficiency, silent operation, small size, reliability, and low maintenance [2].

Because of the progress in the wireless technology field, several communication


methods such as Bluetooth and Wi-Fi are introduced. Each connection has a certain
distinctive description and utilization. Among the Wi-Fi connection, Bluetooth
technology is mostly used. Bluetooth is mostly used for data transfer and adds new
characteristics to smartphones. The Bluetooth technology was invented by Ericsson in
the year 1994 and has shown a big advantage by adding this technology in
smartphones. The communication method changed the way users utilize their mobile
devices at home/office, and it has also helped with the transition of wired devices to
wireless devices. A Bluetooth device that acts like a host has the ability to
communicate with maximum seven Bluetooth devices in the same time via a single
connection. Communication is very important in everyday life and the Bluetooth
technology is useful in a control system as means of control [3]. The Bluetooth
communication method is used to control the movement direction of the motors. The
controlled system is represented by a small robot model car that consists of an Arduino
Nano microcontroller connected with a Bluetooth HC-06 module, two L298N driver
modules and four D.C motors. When the Android application will be connected to this
system via a Bluetooth connection, the user can manipulate the small robot model car
through wireless commands given in the application. The robot model car can move
left, right, forward and backward.

Figure 1. System block diagram.

In Figure 1 we have the block diagram of the system. The controlled system receives
the users command from the mobile devices via a Bluetooth connection through the
HC-06 Bluetooth module, then the Arduino Nano processes the command received and
operates the two L298N drivers that are used to select the speed and the direction of
the four D.C motors.

2. PROPOSED METHODOLOGY
This setup consists of two basic primary elements communicating with each other:
 Bluetooth of smartphone which is connected to the Arduino microcontroller, IC and
DC Motor interfaced with a L293D motor driver IC.  A Bluetooth module HC-05.

The android application in smartphone sends/receives data to/from the microcontroller using
the Bluetooth. An android application in the smartphone acts as a display panel for the user to
send/receive/view the output and input of the DC motor. The display includes a screen
showing the commands and responses against each other. Thus, this proposed control
methodology is applied to control speed and direction of DC motor wirelessly.
DC Motor Speed Control
Generally, the rotational speed of DC motor is proportional to the applied voltage, and the
torque is proportional to the current. Speed control can be achieved by variable voltage
source, resistors, or electronic controls. The direction of a wound field DC motor can be
changed by reversing either the field or armature connections but not both. Effective voltage
can be varied by inserting a series resistor or by an electronically controlled switching device
made of thyristors, transistors, or, historically, mercury arc rectifiers. In a circuit known as a
chopper, the average voltage applied to the motor is varied by switching the supply voltage
very rapidly. As the “on” to “off” ratio is varied to alter the average applied voltage, the
speed of the motor varies.

Figure 1. Block diagram of proposed speed and direction-controlled DC motor using


android application.

Advantages
• Bluetooth consumes less power than other devices.
• Android applications are user-friendly.
• Technically expert persons are not required.
• Wireless communication is enhanced.
Applications
• Home automation.
• Many industrial applications which required adjustable speed drive and constant
speed for improving the quality product.
• Intensity of light can also be controlled with the help of android app.
HARDWARE DESCRIPTION
Bluetooth Module
Bluetooth serial communication module has two work modes: order-response work mode and
automatic connection work mode. And there are three work roles at the automatic connection
work mode. When the module is at the automatic connection work mode, it will follow the
default way set lastly to transmit the data automatically. When the module is at the order
response work mode, user can send the AT command to the module to set the control
parameters and sent control order. The work mode of this Module can be switched by
controlling the module PIN (PIO11) input level. In this project Bluetooth module is used to
send signals from the Arduino Uno.
Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard used for exchanging data between fixed and
mobile devices over short distances using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the
industrial, scientific and medical radio bands, from 2.402 GHz to 2.480 GHz, and building
personal area networks.

Figure 2. Bluetooth module.

DC Motor
Almost every mechanical movement that we see around us is accomplished by an electric
motor. Electrical machines are used for the converting energy. Motors take electrical energy
and produce mechanical energy. Electric motor is used to power hundreds of devices we use
in everyday life. An example of small motor applications includes motors used in
automobiles, robot, hand power tools and food blenders. A motor driver Integrated circuit
(L293D) chip is designed to control and regulate motors. It is a dual H-bridge motor driver
Integrated Circuit. They are generally used in mechanics and robotics. It acts as an interface
between motor and Arduino microprocessor in the circuit. L293D, L293NE are most used
motor driver Integrated circuits from L293 series. L293D is designed to control up to
maximum of two direct current motors simultaneously when they are integrated with Arduino
Uno. It helps to regulate the flow of current before it finally reaches the motor. It becomes a
necessity and need to use IC L293D due to different requirement of current and voltages by
microprocessors (low) and 5V DC motor
(high) as it acts as a moderator and balances the flow of current. It protects the circuit from
overload current and provides protection against overload temperature. Current should not be
directly supplied to the motor because it can damage the motor or even the microcontroller. It
has an output capability and provides bidirectional current of 600 mA per channel. The
maximum or peak current which can flow through per channel as output is 1.2 Amp. It has
Enable facility and internal clamp diodes. Input voltage is up to 1.5V-36V which is also high
noise immunity (logical “0”). Various and un-similar PWM signals are received because a
motor driver IC interfaces with the microcontroller. A motor driver IC is also responsible for
achieving required outputs for the speed variation of the DC motor.
LCD

LCD is liquid crystal display technology works by blocking light. Specifically, it is made of
two pieces of polarized glass that contain a liquid crystal material between them. A backlight
creates light that passes through the first substrate. It is used for display purpose.

Figure 3. LCD module.

Arduino UNO

Arduino Uno is a microcontroller board based on 8-bit ATmega328P microcontroller. Along


with ATmega328P, it consists other components such as crystal oscillator, serial
communication, voltage regulator, etc. to support the microcontroller. Arduino Uno has 14
digital input/output pins (out of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog input pins, a
USB connection, A Power barrel jack, an ICSP header and a reset button.

Figure 4. Arduino UNO microcontroller.

Arduino can be used to communicate with a computer, another Arduino board, or other
microcontrollers. The ATmega328P microcontroller provides UART TTL (5V) serial
communication which can be done using digital pin 0 (Rx) and digital pin 1 (Tx). An
ATmega16U2 on the board channels this serial communication over USB and appears as a
virtual com port to software on the computer. The ATmega16U2 firmware uses the standard
USB COM drivers, and no external driver is needed. However, on Windows, a .inf file is
required. The Arduino software includes a serial monitor which allows simple textual data to
be sent to and from the Arduino board. There are two RX and TX LEDs on the Arduino
board which will flash when data is being transmitted via the USB-to-serial chip and USB
connection to the computer (not for serial communication on pins 0 and 1). A Software Serial
library allows for serial communication on any of the Uno's digital pins. The ATmega328P
also supports I2C (TWI) and SPI communication. The Arduino software includes a Wire
library to simplify use of the I2C bus.
3. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS

The android application in the mobile phone is developed with the help of Android Studio
Software. Android Studio is a free integrated development environment (IDE) from Google
and official development environment for Android. Android Studio is based on IntelliJ IDEA.
In addition to the features that are already implemented in IntelliJ IDEA, furthermore, the
following functions are available: Support for the development of Android, Android Wear
and Android TV Apps. Figure 5 shows the overall hardware setup of DC motor interfacing
with Arduino controller with LCD module and power supply. Figure 6 demonstrate the
android application in a smartphone which is used to control the speed of DC motor.

Figure 5. Hardware setup of proposed speed and direction control of DC motor.

Figure 6. Android application

4. CONCLUSIONS
It is seen that controlling a DC motor using Android applications gives user many
advantages. Controlling the speed and direction of a DC motor by giving instruction to the
microcontroller will reduce the manual work. This technology will also save the cost of
wiring since it is based on wireless technology called Bluetooth. Implementation of this
system is extremely easy since the motor is controlled by PWM to accept the desired speed
that keyed by the smartphone. This system is also suitable for implementation in industries
and homes. It is thus a promise that this method is especially useful to control the speed of
DC motor wirelessly.

5. REFERENCES
[1] Bhattacharjee, et al., “Speed Control of BLDC Motor through Mobile Application via
Secured Bluetooth”, Recent Developments in Control, Automation and Power
Engineering, Noida, India, May 2018.
[2] N. Barsoum, “DC motor speed control using SMS application”, Journal of Intelligent
Control and Automation, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 205-212, 2014.
[3] R. Chaubey, et al., “Speed and Direction Control of DC Motor using Android Mobile
Application”, International Journal of Electrical Electronics & Computer Science
Engineering, pp. 101-102, 2018.
[4] A. N. Nichat, et al., “Wireless Speed and Direction Control of DC Motor by Using Radio
Frequency Technology”, International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology,
vol. 20, no. 2, pp. 48-51, Feb. 2015.
[5] Khanna and P. Ranjan, “Solar Powered Android Based Speed Control of DC Motor via
Secure Bluetooth”, 5th International Conference on Communication Systems and Network
Technologies, Gwalior, India, Oct. 2015.
[6] V. J. Sivanagappa, K. Haribalan “Speed control of DC motor via Internet for Traction
Applications”, International Conference on Energy Efficient Technologies for
Sustainability, Nagercoil, India, Oct. 2016.

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