1

Sentence Improvement
Level of difficulty (L1)
Direction(1-8): In the given question, a part of the 5. The team was practicing since early morning, and
sentence is printed in bold. Below the sentence, they have finally won the match.
alternatives to the emboldened part are given as (1), (2), (1) had finally won
(3) and (4), which may help improve the sentence. Choose (2) finally won
the correct alternative out of the given five options. In (3) have been finally winning
case the given sentence is correct, your answer will be (4) is finally win
option (5), i.e., "No correction required". (5) No correction required

1. Although she is working for the company for 6. The customer will be depositing a large sum of
more than five years, she still has not received a money tomorrow.
promotion. (1) was depositing
(1) was working (2) deposited
(2) has worked (3) has deposited
(3) had been working (4) will deposit
(4) having been working (5) No correction required
(5) No correction required
7. The bank's new policy was impacting the
2. I will being leaving for New York tomorrow lending rates in the market this year.
morning. (1) impacts
(1) am leaving (2) had impacted
(2) have left (3) will impact
(3) leave (4) is impacting
(4) had leave (5) No correction required
(5) No correction required
8. The customer had been withdrawing cash from
3. By the time you finish the book, you will have the ATM when the machine malfunctioned.
known all the characters. (1) is withdrawing
(1) know (2) was withdrawing
(2) knew (3) has been withdrawing
(3) have known (4) withdraws
(4) is knowing (5) No correction required
(5) No correction required
Direction(9-10): In the following questions, a part of the
4. The company had announced that they will sentence is highlighted in bold. Which of the options
increase their profits next quarter. given below the sentence should replace the part printed
(1) will be increasing in bold to make the sentence grammatically correct? If the
(2) would increase sentence is correct as it is given then choose option E ‘No
(3) had been increasing Correction required’ as the answer.
(4) is being increase
(5) No correction required 9. So far as these belt hooks are capable of being
classified as wire manufacturers, they are covered
 2

by the general license which has been issuing in 10. Finally I noticed a very obvious error in the
respect of manufactures of wire. sequence and for an instant I concentrated my
(1) which have been issued attention on the lesson and try to think how I
(2) that was issued should have arranged the beads.
(3) which has been issued (1) tries to think
(4) which had been issuing (2) tried to think
(5) No Correction required (3) has tried to think
(4) will tried to think
(5) No Correction required

Level of difficulty (L2)

Directions (11-15): In the following questions, some part (3) made a number of path-breaking discovery
of the sentence is highlighted in bold. Which of the and continue to remain
options given below the sentence should replace the part (4) making a numbers of path-breaking
printed in bold to make the sentence grammatically discoveries and continues to remains
correct? If the sentence is correct as it is given then choose (5) No Correction required
option E ‘No Correction required’ as the answer.
14. Many city dwellers says they had run out of
11. One of the challenged task for this organisation cash completely and cannot feed the family or
is to maintain an orchestra “since it’s not a fill the car as the crippling cash shortages bite
profitable organisation, especially when the deep into daily life.
orchestra performs music that isn’t mainstream”. (1) says they have run the cash completely
(1) One or the more challenging tasks in (2) say they have run down of cash complete
(2) Ones of the most challenges to tasks (3) says they have run over cash completely
(3) One of the most challenging tasks for (4) say they have run out of cash completely
(4) One of the more challenging tasks to (5) No Correction required
(5) No Correction required
15. There are several studies that say more and
12. As a group of trekkers steps into the mostly consumers are keen to engage with
Kambalakonda Wildlife Sanctuary, it is greeted company that offer personalised messages.
by a herd of spot deer staring right at them — (1) most consumers are keen to engage by
super vigilant, ears pointed right up. companies that offer
(1) it is greeted by a herd of spotted deer (2) more consumers are keen to engage with
(2) we are greeting to a herd of spot deer companies that offer
(3) they greet a herd of spotted deer (3) more consumer is keen to engage companies
(4) they are greeted by a herd of spotted deer that offer
(5) No Correction required (4) consumers are keen to engage with
companies that offers
13. After full-scale telescope operations commenced (5) No Correction required
in 2000, GMRT has made a number of path-
breaking discovery and continues to remained Directions (16-20): Which of the phrases (1), (2), (3), (4)
a unique global facility. and (5) given below each statement should replace the
(1) make a number of path-broken discoveries phrase printed in bold in the sentence to make it
and continues to remain grammatically correct? If the sentence is correct as it is
(2) made a number of path-breaking discoveries given and no correction is required, mark (5) as the
and continues to remain answer.
 3

16. India is fast pushing for use of hydrogen, whom (3) Despite the facts that women tend to sleep
can be produce by splitting water using (4) Despite of the fact that woman tend to sleep
electricity. (5) No correction required
(1) which can produce by splitting
(2) which can be produced by splitting 19. Protection from the sun is important in all seasons
(3) which can be producing by split of the year, just not in summer when the sun
(4) which could produced by splitting felt hot.
(5) No correction required (1) just summers when the sun feels hot
(2) not just summer when the sun feels hot
17. Vitamins are beneficial if taken for the correct (3) not just summer where the sun feel hot
reasons but so prescribed by your doctor. (4) just not in summer when the sun feels hot
(1) as so prescribe by your doctor. (5) No correction required
(2) to prescribe by your doctor.
(3) and as prescribed by yours doctors 20. The ground staff was very supportive and help
(4) and as prescribed by your doctor me get in the aircraft and put my handbag on the
(5) No correction required side of the seat.
(1) helping me getting into the aircraft
18. Despite of the fact that women tending to sleep (2) helped me get into the aircrafts
longer and better than men, sleep disorders are (3) helped me get into the aircraft
more commonly seen among women. (4) help me to get into the aircraft
(1) Despite the fact that women tend to sleep (5) No correction required
(2) In Spite of the fact that women tends to sleep

Level of difficulty (L3)

Direction(21-26): Which of the following phrases (1), 22. The origins of the concept of human rights may
(2), and (3) given below each sentence should replace the be traced back to ancient Greece and Rome, when
phrase printed in bold letters to make the sentence it was closely tie to Stoic philosophy.
grammatically correct? Choose the best option among the 1. associated with
five given alternatives that reflect the correct use of the 2. linked to
phrase in the context of the grammatically correct 3. connection to
sentence. If the sentence is correct as it is, mark ‘No (1) All 1, 2 and 3 (2) Only 1 and 2
Improvement’ as the answer. (3) Only 1 and 3 (4) Only 2 and 3
(5) No Improvement
21. Children go through a period of development in
which they shift from relying sole on concrete, 23. Numerous horrifying crimes committed by the
tangible reality to executing logical operations on Nazi government were formally authorise by
abstract, symbolic material. During this time, Nazi laws and decrees.
children's cognitive capacities transform. 1. approval by
1. being dependent only 2. given permission by
2. being reliance exclusively 3. sanctioned by
3. depending completely (1) All 1, 2 and 3 (2) Only 1 and 2
(1) All 1, 2 and 3 (2) Only 1 and 2 (3) Only 1 and 3 (4) Only 2 and 3
(3) Only 1 and 3 (4) Only 2 and 3 (5) No Improvement
(5) No Improvement
24. The amount of trash produced by electronics has
always been a problem, but in recent years, the
rate of disposal has increased rapid.
 4

1. have shot up fast (3) to reduce its consumption and promote

2. has escalated quickly products containing other nutrients
3. has risen swiftly (4) to reduce their consumption and promote
(1) All 1, 2 and 3 (2) Only 1 and 2 products containing another nutrients
(3) Only 1 and 3 (4) Only 2 and 3 (5) No improvement needed
(5) No Improvement
28. Critical minerals refer to mineral resources, both
25. Even though these ocean conditions can’t be link primary and processed, which are essential inputs
to climate change, it is anticipated that marine in the production process of an economy, and
heatwaves like these will become more frequent whose supplies is likely to be disrupted due to
as a result of climate change. the risks of non-availability or unaffordable
1. Can’t be attributed to price spikes.
2. Can’t be held responsible for (1) supplies are likely to be disrupting due to the
3. Can’t be blamed on risks of non-availability or unafford price
(1) Only 1 and 2 (2) Only 1 and 3 (2) supplies are likely to be disrupted due to the
(3) Only 2 and 3 (4) All 1, 2 and 3 risks of non-availability or unaffordable price
(5) No Improvement (3) supplies are like to be disrupted due to the
risks of non-availability or unaffordable price
26. After Xavier sent a contentious tweet insulting a (4) supplies are likely to be disrupted due to the
well-known actress, the cops unexpectedly risks of non-available or unaffordable price
dropped in on his home. (5) No improvement needed
1. Came by
2. Came of 29. Controlled Human Malaria Infection studies have
3. Came off the potential for fast-track initiate assessments
(1) 1 and 2 (2) 2 and 3 of vaccine efficacy and also facilitate the first
(3) 1 and 3 (4) All 1, 2 and 3 clinical evaluation of vaccines involving fewer
(5) No improvement adult subjects.
(1) to fast-track initially assessments of vaccine
Direction(27-30): In the following questions, a part of the efficacy, and also facilitate
sentence is highlighted in bold. Which of the options (2) to fast-tracking initial assessments of vaccine
given below the sentence should replace the part printed efficacy, and also facilitate
in bold to make the sentence grammatically correct? If the (3) to fast-track initial assessments of vaccine
sentence is correct as it is given then choose option E ‘No efficacy, and also facilitate
Correction required’ as the answer. (4) to fast-track initial assessments of vaccine
efficacy, and also facilitating
27. If applying more urea is counterproductive - (5) No improvement needed
manifested in diminishing crop yield response to
fertilizers and a rising share of applied and getting 30. While elevators rely on machines and electricity
lost through ammonia volatilisation or leaching to perform a task too difficulty for human
into the groundwater as nitrate, the obvious beings, quantum computers exploit the very
solution is to reduce its consumptions and special properties of matter in the sub-atomic
promoting products containing other world for calculations beyond the capabilities of
nutrients in desired combinations. ordinary computers.
(1) to reducing its consumption and promote (1) to perform a task too difficult for human
products contain other nutrients beings
(2) to reduce its consume and promote products (2) to performed a task too difficult for human
containing other nutrients beings
 5

(3) to perform a task too difficult by human

beings 34. Scientists have developed a new method to
(4) to perform a tasks too difficult for human produce and shape large, high-quality mirrors,
beings significance thinner than the primary mirrors
(5) No improvement needed traditionally employed in space telescopes.
These resultant mirrors possess enough
Direction(31-40): The sentence has four bold words or flexibility to be rolled up and packed efficiently
phrases in the given question. Identify the one bold word within a spacecraft during launch.
or phrase that must be changed to correct the sentence. (1) developed
Mark E for no error. (2) significance
(3) traditionally employed
31. The human brain has greater energy demands (4) flexibility
than that of any other animal, especially in (5) No error
certain important regions, which may have been
key to the revolution of our complex cognition. 35. Solar panels installed on the roofs of industrial
(1) demands buildings have the potential to satisfy the entire
(2) certain electricity needs of up to 35% of American
(3) revolution manufacturers. A recent study published in the
(4) complex journal Environmental Research: Sustainability
(5) None of these and Infrastructure by IOP Publishing explore the
viable of fulfilling these power requirements
32. Andrew Yule & Co. Ltd. (AYCL) has achieved through on-site solar panel installations across
its highest-ever growth trajectory, with tea various regions and manufacturing sectors in the
exports up by 431% over the previous year's United States.
exports. AYCL is the sole central public-sector (1) Installed
enterprise (CPSE) of the Indian government in (2) Have the potential
the tea industry. This company has (3) Explore the viable
establishment in 1863 and is a CPSE since 1979. (4) manufacturing
(1) has achieved (5) No error
(2) Growth trajectory
(3) Over the previous year’s Direction(36-40): The sentence has four Bold words or
(4) has establishment phrases in the given question. Identify the one Bold word
(5) No error or phrase that must be changed to correct the sentence. If
the given sentence is correct as it is, mark Option (5) “No
33. University of Cambridge scientists have error” as your answer.
developed an ‘artificial leaf’ that, powered by
sunlight, converts CO2 and water into ethanol 36. A collaborative investigation led by Dr Jason
and propanol. This innovative eliminates the Hofgartner sheds light on the puzzling radar
intermediary step of producing syngas, making signatures of icy satellites orbiting Jupiter and
the technology more practical and paving the Saturn. The distinct radar attributes of these
way for a sustainable, zero-carbon emission celestial bodies, which deviate considerably
future. from those of rocky planets and the majority of
(1) Powered by sunlight Earth’s ice, have long confoundingly
(2) Innovative researchers.
(3) Intermediary step (1) collaborative (2) puzzling
(4) Practical and paving (3) considerably (4) confoundingly
(5) No error (5) No error
 6

39. The University of Arizona Lunar and Planetary

37. Researchers at the University of Chicago, Laboratory has created an online portal as part of
Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering (PME) the NASA-funded Catalina Sky Survey, allowing
have created a novel instrument that can help the public to assist in identifying asteroids and
reveal the origin of electronic states in comets. By creating an account on Zooniverse,
engineered materials, paving the way for their users can scrutiny telescope images for potential
use in future quantum technology applications. celestial bodies, adding human insight to
(1) have created (2) reveal automated detection systems and aiding in the
(3) origin (4) paving discovery of near-Earth objects.
(5) No error (1) assist
(2) scrutiny
38. A study conducted by The Ohio State University (3) celestial bodies
suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has (4) Automated detection
negatively affected college students’ decision- (5) No error
making capabilities. Stress caused by the global
event was found to have potentially overwhelmed 40. The advent of the Internet, the emergency of
students’ cognitive resources, leading to less new-age technologies and evolving educational
consistency decision-making and difficulty in system have fuelled the rise of unconventional
evaluating information effectively. career options. Gone are the days when an
(1) conducted engineer and a doctor were the only coveted
(2) Negatively affected career options available to the youth.
(3) Decision-making capabilities (1) advent (2) emergency
(4) Consistency decision-making (3) evolving (4) coveted
(5) No error (5) No error
 7

Answer Key
Level of difficulty (L1)
1. (3) 3. (3) 5. (1) 7. (4) 9. (3)
2. (1) 4. (2) 6. (4) 8. (2) 10. (2)

Level of difficulty (L2)

11. (3) 13. (2) 15. (2) 17. (4) 19. (2)
12. (4) 14. (4) 16. (2) 18. (1) 20. (3)

Level of difficulty (L3)

21. (3) 25. (2) 29. (3) 33. (2) 37. (5)
22. (2) 26. (5) 30. (1) 34. (2) 38. (4)
23. (4) 27. (3) 31. (3) 35. (3) 39. (2)
24. (1) 28. (2) 32. (4) 36. (4) 40. (2)
 8

Hints & Solutions

Level of difficulty (L1)
1. Solution (3) Option (2) "have left" is incorrect because it
The given sentence is in the present perfect refers to a past action, which does not fit the
tense, "has not received," which indicates that context of the sentence.
the action started in the past and continues to the Option (3) "leave" is incorrect because it is in
present. However, the tense used for the verb the simple present tense, which does not convey
"working" is incorrect. the future action that the speaker is talking
Option 1, "was working," is in the past about.
continuous tense, which implies that the action Option (4) "had leave" is also incorrect because
was happening at a specific time in the past and it is in the past tense and does not fit the context
has since ended. Hence, it is not the correct of the sentence.
alternative.
Option 2, "has worked," is also in the present 3. Solution (3)
perfect tense, but it does not convey the duration The given sentence is in the future perfect tense,
of the action, which is more than five years. indicating an action that will be completed at a
Therefore, it is also not the correct alternative. specific time in the future. The verb "will have
Option 3, "had been working," is in the past known" is in the future perfect tense, which is
perfect continuous tense, which is used to used to describe an action that will be completed
indicate that an action was happening before a specific time in the future.
continuously in the past up to a specific point in Option 1, "know," is in the simple present tense,
the past. This option is correct because it which does not fit the context of the sentence
conveys that the person has been working for because it refers to a present action, not a future
more than five years until now, without any action.
promotion. Option 2, "knew," is in the simple past tense,
Option 5, "No improvement needed," is which does not fit the context of the sentence
incorrect because the sentence requires a because it refers to a past action, not a future
correction. action.
Therefore, the correct answer is 3, "had been Option 3, "have known," is in the present perfect
working." tense, which is used to describe an action that
was completed in the past but has a connection
2. Solution (1) to the present. It fits the context of the sentence
Option (1) "am leaving" is the correct because it indicates that the knowledge of the
alternative. This option replaces the incorrect characters will be complete by a specific time in
phrase "will being leaving" with the correct the future.
present continuous tense "am leaving". The Option 4, "is knowing," is in the present
present continuous tense is used to describe an continuous tense, which does not fit the context
action that is happening at the time of speaking of the sentence because it refers to an action that
or a future action that has already been planned. is currently happening, not a future action.
In this sentence, the speaker is talking about a Option 5, "No improvement needed," is
future action that is already planned, which is incorrect because the sentence requires a
leaving for New York tomorrow morning. correction.
Therefore, the correct answer is 3, "have known."
 9

4. Solution (2) Therefore, the correct tense to use is the simple

The correct answer is option (2) "would future tense, which is used to describe an action
increase." that will happen in the future.
The sentence is in the past tense, and it refers to Option (4) "will deposit" correctly uses the
a past action. simple future tense and conveys the intended
The phrase "had announced" is in the past meaning of the sentence.
perfect tense, indicating that the announcement Therefore, it is the correct answer. The other
had been made in the past. options either change the tense of the verb or do
The use of "will increase" is incorrect because it not convey the correct meaning in the context of
is in the future tense, and the action is already in the sentence.
the past.
Instead, "would increase" is the correct usage, as 7. Solution (4)
it is the past tense of "will increase" and The correct answer is (4) "is impacting".
indicates that the increase in profits was a The verb tense in the original sentence is
hypothetical future action at the time of the incorrect because "was impacting" is in the past
announcement. continuous tense, indicating that the policy was
Therefore, the correct sentence is "The company impacting the lending rates in the past but may
had announced that they would increase their not be currently affecting them.
profits next quarter." However, the use of "this year" suggests that the
impact is ongoing or present.
5. Solution (1) Therefore, the correct verb tense should be the
The use of the present perfect tense "have present continuous tense "is impacting", which
finally won" is incorrect here because the indicates that the policy is currently affecting
sentence is referring to an event in the past that the lending rates.
occurred after the team's practice. The correct sentence is: "The bank's new policy
The correct tense to use here is the past perfect is impacting the lending rates in the market."
tense, which indicates an action that was
completed before another action in the past. 8. Solution (2)
Therefore, option A, "had finally won," is the The given sentence talks about an action that
correct choice. was in progress in the past when an event
The corrected sentence would read: "The team occurred. The phrase "had been withdrawing" is
was practicing since early morning, and they the past perfect continuous tense, which is used
had finally won the match." to describe an ongoing action that was
This sentence uses the past perfect tense "had happening in the past before another event
finally won" to indicate that the team won the happened. Therefore, the correct alternative
match after their practice. should also be in the past tense to maintain the
correct sequence of tenses.
6. Solution (4) Option 1 "is withdrawing" is in the present
In the given sentence, "will be depositing" is in continuous tense and does not fit the context of
the future continuous tense which is used to the sentence.
describe an action that will be ongoing at a Option 2 "was withdrawing" is in the past
specific point in the future. continuous tense, which correctly describes the
However, the sentence suggests a future action ongoing action in progress at the time the ATM
that will be completed at a specific time, i.e., malfunctioned.
tomorrow. Option 3 "has been withdrawing" is in the
present perfect continuous tense, which is not
 10

appropriate in this context as it suggests that the Option (4): here use of ‘had been’ is incorrectly
action is still ongoing. used because the sentence is in present tense.
Option 4 "withdraws" is in the present tense and
does not fit the context of the sentence. 10. Solution (2)
Therefore, the correct answer is option 2, "was The correct answer is option (2).
withdrawing." The use of the word ‘try’ is incorrect here.
Option (1):here the use of the word ‘tries’ is
9. Solution (3) incorrect.
The correct answer is option (3). Option (2):this part of the sentence is correct as
The use of the word ‘issuing’ is incorrect here. the formation of the sentence is in the simple past,
Option (1): here the use of ‘have’ is incorrect as so the second form of the verb will be used.
the singular subject is being used. Option (3):here the use of ‘has’ is incorrect
Option (2): here use of ‘was’ is incorrect as the because the sentence is in past tense.
sentence is in the present tense. Option (4): here the use of ‘will tried’ is incorrect
Option (3): this part of the sentence is correct as as here future tense is not required and also after
the sentence is in the passive form of present ‘will’ , the base form of the verb(V1) is used.
perfect tense so the condition
‘subject+has/have+been+v3’ is to be followed.

Level of difficulty (L2)

11. Solution (3) the sentence as the group of trekkers are
The given bold part in the sentence is greeted by a herd of spotted deer and not a
incorrect as here the word ‘challenged’ is herd of spotted deer are greeted by the
incorrect, the correct adjective should be trekkers. Option(4) is absolutely correct,
‘challenging’ and also the noun task should be hence, is the correct choice.
in the plural form. Option (1) and option (2)
are also incorrect as the correct phrase is ‘one 13. Solution (2)
of the’ which is used to refer to a particular The given bold part in the sentence is incorrect
thing or person within a group or range of as ‘a number of’ is followed by a plural noun,
things or people. Option (4) is incorrect as hence ‘discoveries’ should have been used and
after ‘one of the’ we use a superlative degree also after the preposition ‘to’ we use the base
of adjective, so here it should be ‘most form of the verb. Option(1) is incorrect because
challenging’ instead of ‘more challenging’. of the verb ‘make’ as after ‘has’ we use the
Hence, option(3) is the correct choice. third form of the verb(V3) and also the
adjective ‘path-broken’ is incorrect here.
12. Solution (4) Option(3) is incorrect because of the singular
The given bold part in the sentence is form of the noun ‘discovery’ and also the verb
incorrect as here the usage of the pronoun ‘it’ continue is incorrect here as the reference is to
is incorrect as here human beings are talked the singular subject ‘GMRT’. Option(4) is
about and also the adjective ‘spotted’ should incorrect due to the wrong usage of verb
be used before the noun ‘deer’. Option(1) is ‘making’ after the helping verb ‘has’.
also eliminated for the same reason discussed Option(2) is absolutely correct, hence, is the
above. Option(2) will also get eliminated as correct choice.
here also the usage of the pronoun ‘we’ is
incorrect and also this option makes the 14. Solution (4)
sentence contextually incorrect. Option(3) is The given bold part in the sentence is
incorrect as this also changes the context of incorrect as after the subject ‘dwellers’ we
 11

need a plural verb and here singular verb 17. Solution (4)
‘says’ is given and the usage of the verb ‘had’ The highlighted part in the given sentence is
is incorrect here as this is a general sentence incorrect because the conjunction ‘but’ is not
and should be in present tense only. Option(1) appropriate here. But is used for joining two ideas
is incorrect as it makes the sentence or statements when the second one is different
contextually incorrect. Option(2) is incorrect from the first one, or seems surprising after the
because of the wrong usage of the verb ‘say’ first one. Option(1) is incorrect because of the
and also the phrase ‘run down’ which means incorrect use of the adverb ‘so’ and also the verb
‘stop (or cause to stop) functioning’ is ‘prescribe’ should be in the past tense. Option(3)
incorrect here. Option(3) is also incorrect is incorrect as here the use of the possessive
because of the wrong usage of the phrase ‘run pronoun ‘yours’ is incorrect. Pronouns are not
over’ which means ‘knock a person or animal used before nouns , they are used in the place of
down and pass over their body.’ nouns. Hence, option(4) is the required choice.
The correct phrase here will be ‘run out’ which
means ‘to finish, use, or sell all of something, 18. Solution (1)
so that there is none left’ and is used correctly The highlighted part in the given sentence is
in option(4), hence, is the correct choice. incorrect because we never use ‘of’ with ‘despite’.
Option(2) is incorrect as here the singular verb
15. Solution (2) ‘tends’ after the plural noun ‘women’ is incorrect.
The given bold part in the sentence is incorrect as Option(3) is incorrect because of the plural noun
the adverb ‘mostly’ is incorrectly used here. The ‘fact’ as here only one fact is being talked about.
correct phrase is ‘more and more’ which is used Option(4) is also incorrect as here the plural noun
to indicate that something is becoming greater in ‘women’ should be used. Hence, option(1) is the
amount, extent, or degree all the time. Option (1) required choice.
is also incorrect because of the same reason
mentioned above and also the verb ‘engage’ 19. Solution (2)
should be followed by the preposition ‘with’ and The highlighted part in the given sentence is
not ‘by’. Option(3) is incorrect as after the phrase incorrect because the verb ‘felt’ which is the past
‘more and more’ the plural form of the noun form of the verb ‘feels’ is incorrect. Option(1) is
‘consumer’ ie. ‘consumers’ should be used. In also incorrect as here the word ‘not’ is missing.
option(4), the singular verb ‘offers’ is incorrect as Option(3) is incorrect as here the adverb ‘where’
after the plural noun ‘companies’ ,the plural verb has been used incorrectly. Option(4) is incorrect as
‘offer’ should have been used. Option(2) is here ‘not just’ should have been used in place of
correct, hence it is the correct choice. ‘just not’. Hence, option(2) is the required choice.

16. Solution (2) 20. Solution (3)

The highlighted part in the given sentence is The highlighted part in the given sentence is
incorrect as here the relative pronoun ‘whom’ incorrect as here the verb ‘help’ is in the present
which is used for human beings is incorrect. form. Option(1) is incorrect because of the verb
Option(1) is incorrect as it is given in active ‘helping’ which is in ‘ing’ form. Option(2) is
voice(can produce), it should be ‘can be incorrect because of the noun ‘aircrafts’ which is a
produced’. Option(3) is incorrect as the usage wrong word, the plural of the noun ‘aircraft’ is
of the verb ‘producing’ is incorrect here. ‘aircraft’ only. Option(4) is incorrect again because
Option(4) is incorrect because of the verb of the present form verb ‘help’. The given sentence
‘could’ which is in the past tense. Hence, is in the past tense so all the verbs should be in
option(2) is the required choice. the past only, hence option(3) is the required
choice.
 12

Level of difficulty (L3)

21. Solution (3) quickly in recent years. Both 2 and 3 can
The sentence talks about how children grow replace the highlighted phrase. Thus, (4) is the
from depending solely on tangible reality to right answer.
performing logical operations on abstract and 1 is incorrect because it uses the plural verb
symbolic material. Both 1 and 3 can replace the HAVE, which does not agree with the singular
highlighted phrase. Thus, (3) is the right answer. subject SPEED OF DISCARD. The
2 is incorrect. The noun RELIANCE needs to highlighted phrase is incorrect. The adjective
be replaced with the adjective RELIANT to be RAPID needs to be replaced with the adverb
modified by the adverb EXCLUSIVELY. The RAPIDLY as it modifies the verb
highlighted phrase is incorrect. The adjective INCREASED.
SOLE needs to be replaced with the adverb
SOLELY to modify the verb RELYING. 25. Solution (2)
Hence, option (3) is the correct answer. The sentence tells us how climate change
cannot be held as the cause for these ocean
22. Solution (2) conditions. Both 1 and 3 can replace the
The sentence talks about how in ancient Greece highlighted phrase to convey the requisite
and Rome, human rights were closely related to meaning. Thus, (2) is the right answer.
the doctrine of the Stoics. Both 1 and 2 can 2 is incorrect as the sentence tells us how
replace the highlighted phrase. Thus, (2) is the climate change is not the cause for ocean
right answer. 3 is incorrect. The noun conditions, not the other way around. The
CONNECTION needs to be replaced with the highlighted phrase is incorrect because the
verb CONNECTED to be modified by the base form verb LINK with LINKED as the
adverb CLOSELY. The highlighted phrase is passive voice construction BE + VERB will
incorrect. The base form verb TIE needs to be take the past participle form of the verb.
replaced with the past participle form TIED to
fit the passive voice construction WAS+VERB. 26. Solution (5)
Dropped in- called informally and briefly as a
23. Solution (4) visitor. The usage of the phrase is correct. The
The sentence talks about how atrocities sentence tells us that police unexpectedly
committed by the Nazi regime were often visited the house of Xavier after he made a
ordered by Nazi laws and decrees. Both 2 and controversial tweet about a film actress. No
3 can replace the highlighted phrase. improvement is required. Hence, (5) is the
Thus, (4) is the right answer. correct answer.
1 is incorrect. The noun APPROVAL needs to Came by- got. Came of- belonged to. Came
be replaced with the verb APPROVED to be off- took place as arranged, faded, got
modified by the adverb OFFICIALLY. The separated.
highlighted phrase is incorrect. The base form
verb AUTHORIZE needs to be replaced with 27. Solution (3)
the past participle verb AUTHORIZED to fit Here, the use of the noun ‘consumptions’ is
the passive voice formation incorrectly used as the singular pronoun is
HAD+BEEN+VERB. used so ‘consumption’ will be used. Also, the
verb ‘promoting’ is incorrectly used in the
24. Solution (1) sentence as the preposition ‘to’ is followed by
The sentence talks about how the speed of the first form of the verb so the verb ‘promote’
discarding electronic waste has increased will be used.
 13

Option (1): here the verb ‘reducing’ is Option (1): here the adverb ‘initially’ is
incorrectly used in the sentence as the incorrectly used in the sentence as we need the
preposition ‘to’ is followed by the first form adjective ‘initial’ to correct the sentence.
of the verb so the verb ‘reduce’ will be used. Option (2): here the use of the verb ‘fast
Also the verb ‘contain’ is incorrectly used in tracking’ is incorrectly used in the sentence as
the sentence as we need the ing form of the the preposition ‘to’ is followed by the first form
verb ‘containing’ to correct the sentence. of the verb so the verb ‘fast track’ will be used.
Option (2): here the verb ‘consume’ is Option (4): here the use of the verb
incorrectly used in the sentence as we need the ‘facilitating’ is incorrectly used in the sentence
noun ‘consumption’ to correct the sentence. as the sentence is in parallel structure
Option (4): here the use of the pronoun ‘their’ preposition and ‘to’ is followed by the first
is incorrect as the noun here is ‘urea’ which is form of the verb so the verb ‘facilitate’ will be
singular in nature so a singular form of the used. The correct answer is option (3).
pronoun will be used.here adjective ‘another’
is incorrect as we need adjective ‘other’ to 30. Solution (1)
correct the sentence. Here, the use of the adjective ‘difficulty’ is
Hence, the correct answer is option (3). incorrectly used in the sentence as we need the
adjective ‘difficult’ to correct the sentence.
28. Solution (2) Option (2): here the verb ‘performed’ is
Here, the use of the helping verb ‘is’ is incorrectly used as the preposition ‘to’ is
incorrectly used as the subject is ‘supplies’ followed by the first form of the verb so the
which is plural in nature so a plural form of the verb ‘perform’ will be used.
verb will be used. Option (3): here the use of the preposition ‘by’
Option (1): here the verb ‘disrupting’ is is incorrectly used in the sentence as we need
incorrectly used in the sentence as the sentence preposition ‘for’ to correct the sentence.
has passive structure so the third form of the Option (4): here the noun ‘tasks’ is incorrectly
verb ‘disrupted’ will be used to correct the used here as we are talking about only one talk
sentence. Also the verb ‘unafford’ is incorrect so singular noun ‘talk’ will be used.
as we bend the adjective ‘unaffordable’ to Therefore, the correct answer is option (1).
modify the noun ‘price’.
Option (3): here the adjective ‘like’ is 31. Solution (3)
incorrectly used in the sentence as we need the In reference to the context, the word
adverb ‘likely’ to make the sentence correct. "revolution" is used, which does not accurately
Option (4): here the adjective ‘non-available’ is convey the concept being discussed. Instead,
incorrect as we need the adverb ‘non- "evolution" is the more appropriate term to
availability’ to correct the sentence. describe the gradual development and changes
The correct answer is option (2). in the human brain's complexity and cognitive
abilities over time. Evolution refers to the
29. Solution (3) process of gradual change and adaptation,
Here, the use of the verb ‘fast track’ is whereas revolution implies a sudden, dramatic
incorrectly used as the preposition ‘for’ is transformation. Hence, option (3) is the correct
followed by the ‘ing’ form of the verb ‘fast answer.
tracking’ to correct the sentence. Also the use
of the verb ‘initiate’ is incorrect as we need 32. Solution (4)
the adjective ‘initial’ to correct h the sentence. The word "establishment" is not the
appropriate term to describe the company's
history. The corrected sentence uses the
 14

phrase “was established” in 1863 and has been site solar panel installations. Therefore, option
a CPSE since 1979. It indicates that Andrew (3) is the correct answer.
Yule & Co. Ltd. has been functioning or
operating since that year. This phrase conveys 36. Solution (4)
the intended meaning more accurately. The word "confoundingly" is an adverb, but
we need to use the past participle form of the
33. Solution (2) verb "confound" to convey the intended
The word "innovative" is an adjective that meaning in the sentence. The verb "confound"
describes something as being characterized by means to perplex or puzzle, which is
innovation or novelty. However, in the given appropriate in this context. Therefore, the
sentence, the intention is to refer to the correct form to use is "confounded," which
"artificial leaf" as the innovation itself rather functions as an adjective to describe the state
than describing it as innovative. Therefore, the of the researchers being puzzled by the
correct term to use in this context is distinct radar attributes of the celestial bodies.
"innovation," which is a noun that signifies the Hence, (4) is the correct option.
act or process of introducing new ideas or
methods. 37. Solution (5)
The sentence is grammatically correct and
34. Solution (2) effectively conveys the intended meaning. The
The sentence describes the development of a sentence accurately states that researchers at
new method to produce and shape large, high- the University of Chicago's Pritzker School of
quality mirrors thinner than the primary ones Molecular Engineering have developed a
typically used in space telescopes. The word novel instrument capable of helping to reveal
"significantly" is an adverb that means to a the origin of electronic states in engineered
great extent or notably. It is used to emphasize materials. Furthermore, it mentions that this
the extent to which the new mirrors are thinner breakthrough can potentially lead to the
than traditional ones. On the other hand, utilization of these materials in future
"significance" is a noun that refers to the quantum technology applications. The
importance or meaning of something. In this sentence is clear and coherent, without any
context, the sentence requires an adverb to apparent errors. Hence, option (5) is the
modify the adjective "thinner," indicating the correct answer.
degree or extent of the difference. Therefore,
the correct term to use is "significantly." 38. Solution (4)
Hence, option (2) is the correct answer. In the sentence, the word "consistent" should
be used as an adjective to modify the noun
35. Solution (3) "decision-making." Therefore, the correct
The sentence discusses the potential of solar form is "consistent decision-making" rather
panels installed on industrial buildings' roofs than "consistency decision-making." This
to meet the electricity needs of American change ensures proper adjective usage and
manufacturers. The term "viability" should be maintains the sentence's intended meaning.
used in place of “viable”. It is a noun that Hence, (4) is the correct option.
refers to the quality or state of being viable,
meaning the ability to work effectively or 39. Solution (2)
successfully. In this context, the study The sentence describes how users can use the
explores or examines the "viability" (noun) of online portal to examine or analyze telescope
fulfilling the power requirements through on- images for potential celestial bodies. In this
context, the correct verb to use is "scrutinize,"
 15

which means to examine closely or inspect action, usually related to a crisis or danger. On
thoroughly. On the other hand, "scrutiny" is a the other hand, the word "emergence" refers to
noun that refers to the act of careful the process of coming into existence or
observation or examination. This sentence becoming known. In the given context, the
intends to convey that users can actively sentence is discussing how new-age
participate by scrutinizing the telescope technologies have come into existence and
images themselves. Therefore, the correct influenced the rise of unconventional career
form is "scrutinize telescope images" rather options. Therefore, "emergence" is the correct
than "scrutiny telescope images. Hence, (2) is word to use here, emphasizing the gradual
the correct option. development of these technologies rather than
an urgent situation. Hence, option (2) is the
40. Solution (2) correct option.
The word "emergency" refers to a sudden and
unexpected situation requiring immediate

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